多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉控制系统设计与炉温软测量技术
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摘要
甲醇是一种重要的化工基础原料,也是一种清洁燃料。由于我国“富煤贫油少气”,大力发展建设大型煤制甲醇装置,并加工成替代燃料,以煤炭代替石油,将更有利于国家能源的合理使用。煤气化技术是以煤炭为原料的化工系统中的核心技术,是煤化工产业化发展过程中最重要的单元技术,新型煤气化技术的开发与推广应用,对于我国能源的合理利用以及煤气化工业发展都具有极其重要的战略意义。
多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化技术是我国独立自主研究开发并投入应用的一种新型煤气化技术,是对Texaco气化技术的重大改进。本文介绍了多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉的工艺流程及其总体控制要求,介绍了气化炉的氧煤比控制、开停车安全仪表系统、锁斗程控系统等,以及项目所选用的DCS系统、ESD安全系统的配置和软件组态等。
多喷嘴气化炉炉内温度是控制气化工艺指标和维持系统安全运行的重要参数,为了减小因高温热电偶损坏后对炉温测量和监控带来的不利影响,本文提出了气化炉的炉温软测量建模方法,并分别采用BP神经网络方法和RBF神经网络方法对气化炉炉温建立软测量模型,仿真结果表明该方法具有一定的可行性。
目前多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉已经顺利投入运行,运行状况基本稳定,产品质量、产量均达到了设计指标,降低了生产成本,为企业创造了良好的经济效益。
Methanol is not only the important chemical raw material, but also clean fuel. As our country with "rich coal,poor oil,little gas",the development of producing methanol with coal, and coal is processed to fuels and using coal instead of oil will be benefit to resonably use energy. Coal-based gasification is the most important core technology and key equipment of chemical system, coal gasification technology is the most important cell technology of coal chemical industry, and the development of new coal gasification technology, which is significant to the development of coal industry and energy using.
Coal-water Slurry's Gasification Technology with Opposed Multi-burner is a new type of coal gasification technology which is researched by country itself is a significant improvement to Texaco gasification technology. This thesis introduces the process and overall control requirements of multi-nozzle-mounted water slurry gasifier, describing the control of oxygen-coal ratio, safety instrument systems, lock hopper programmable system and so on.
This paper focuses on soft sensor modeling method of the gasifier temperature. Analysising the work process of multi-nozzle coal-water slurry gasifier and a number of important process parameters, and selecting auxiliary variables. The BP neural network and RBF neural network method were used for modeling for the temperature measure of gasifier, and the result showed the a certain feasibility of this method.
At present, opposed coal slurry gasifier has been successfully put into operation, and operation is stable, product quality and yield have reached the design target,which create a good economic benefits for company.
多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化技术是我国独立自主研究开发并投入应用的一种新型煤气化技术,是对Texaco气化技术的重大改进。本文介绍了多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉的工艺流程及其总体控制要求,介绍了气化炉的氧煤比控制、开停车安全仪表系统、锁斗程控系统等,以及项目所选用的DCS系统、ESD安全系统的配置和软件组态等。
多喷嘴气化炉炉内温度是控制气化工艺指标和维持系统安全运行的重要参数,为了减小因高温热电偶损坏后对炉温测量和监控带来的不利影响,本文提出了气化炉的炉温软测量建模方法,并分别采用BP神经网络方法和RBF神经网络方法对气化炉炉温建立软测量模型,仿真结果表明该方法具有一定的可行性。
目前多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉已经顺利投入运行,运行状况基本稳定,产品质量、产量均达到了设计指标,降低了生产成本,为企业创造了良好的经济效益。
Methanol is not only the important chemical raw material, but also clean fuel. As our country with "rich coal,poor oil,little gas",the development of producing methanol with coal, and coal is processed to fuels and using coal instead of oil will be benefit to resonably use energy. Coal-based gasification is the most important core technology and key equipment of chemical system, coal gasification technology is the most important cell technology of coal chemical industry, and the development of new coal gasification technology, which is significant to the development of coal industry and energy using.
Coal-water Slurry's Gasification Technology with Opposed Multi-burner is a new type of coal gasification technology which is researched by country itself is a significant improvement to Texaco gasification technology. This thesis introduces the process and overall control requirements of multi-nozzle-mounted water slurry gasifier, describing the control of oxygen-coal ratio, safety instrument systems, lock hopper programmable system and so on.
This paper focuses on soft sensor modeling method of the gasifier temperature. Analysising the work process of multi-nozzle coal-water slurry gasifier and a number of important process parameters, and selecting auxiliary variables. The BP neural network and RBF neural network method were used for modeling for the temperature measure of gasifier, and the result showed the a certain feasibility of this method.
At present, opposed coal slurry gasifier has been successfully put into operation, and operation is stable, product quality and yield have reached the design target,which create a good economic benefits for company.
引文
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[15]Owen G, Hawkes C M, Lloyd D, et al. Metahnol Synthesis Catalysts Derived from Ternary Rare Earth, Copper, Zirconium and Rare Earth, Copper, Titanium Intermetalie Alloys[J]. Applied Catalysis,1990,58(1):69-81
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[18]王新刚,侍洪波,德士古气化炉炉温软测量建模及其工程实现,化工自动化及仪表,2006,33(03)
[19]张英,苏宏业,褚健.基于模糊最小二乘支持向量机的软侧量建模[J].控制与决策,2005,20(6)：621-624
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[21]田农乐,徐文骞,软测量模型的建立,计算机工程与设计,2002,23(10)：40
[22]俞金寿,刘爱伦,软测量技术及应用,世界仪表自动化,1997(2)：14-18
[23]朱群雄,麻德贤.神经网络过程模型辩识[J].化工学报,1997,48(5)：547-552
[24]王旭东,邵惠鹤.RBF神经网络理论及其在控制中的应用[J].信息与控制,1997,26(4)：272-283
[25]熊智华,王雄,徐用做.一种利用多神经网络结构建立非线性软测量模型的方法[J].控制与决策,2000,15(2)：173-176
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[27]李红军等.化工过程中的数据协调及显著误差检测[J].化工自动化及仪表,1997,24(2)：25-32
[28]常玉清,邹伟,王福利,毛志忠.基于支持向量机的软侧量方法研究[J].控制与决策,2005,20(11)：1307-1310
[29]徐敏,俞金寿,软测量技术,石油化工自动化,1998,19(2)：1-3
[30]刘亚,张秋香,基于PCA-BP神经网络的精馏塔产品组成软测量模型,化工发展,2007,26(z1)
[31]Hoskuldsson A. Quadratic PLS regression[J]. J. of Chememotrics,1998,6:307-334
[32]Berghund A, Wold S. INLR, implicit non-linear latent variable regression. J. Chemometrics,1997,11:141-156
[33]Qin S J, McAvoy. Nonlinear PLS modeling using neural networks[J]. Comp. Chem. Engng..1992,16(4):379-391
[34]Rosipal R, Trejo L J, Matthews B et al., Nonlinear Kernel-Based Chemometric Tools:a Machine Learning Approach, In Proceedings of 3rd International Symposium on PLS and Related Methods(PLS'03),2003,249-260, Lisbon, Portugal
[35]Yang Y X, Chai T Y. Soft sensing based on artificial neural network:Prof. of 1997 ACC, Piscataway,USA,1997,1:674-678
[36]Su H B, Fan L T, Schlup J R. Monitoring the process of curing of epoxy/graphite fiber composites with a recurrent neural network as a soft sensor[J]. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence,1998,11(2):293-306
[37]Vapnik V N. The Nature of Statistical Learning Theory[M], NY:Springer-Verlag,1995
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[39]刘乐利,多喷嘴水煤浆加压气化技术在我国的发展。煤碳加工与综合利用,2005,(3)：44-45。
[40]张传芹.德士古煤气化技术合成氨生产过程中DCS系统的应用,炼油化工及自动化.1995(3)：9
[41]浙江中控技术有限公司.煤制甲醇(大型装置)行业自动化解决方案.世界仪表与自动化.2006(11)：40-41
[42]许世森,张东亮,任永强.大规模煤气化技术[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2006.
[43]王新刚,侍洪波.一种改进的FNN及其在德士古炉温软测量中的应用,工业控制计算机,2006,19(03)
[44]王学武,王东青,陈程,顾幸生,孙自强.基于混沌RBF神经网络的气化炉温度软测量系统,化工自动化及仪表,2006,33(05)
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