脉冲强磁场装置本地测控系统的研究与设计
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摘要
脉冲强磁场是现代科学实验最重要的极端条件之一,可为物理、化学、生物等众多学科领域的基础理论和应用研究提供重要的科学实验平台。特别是近年来,随着脉冲功率技术的发展,在凝聚态物理、材料科学、生物医学等基础前沿学科研究需要的推动下,脉冲强磁场技术越来越为人们所重视。
本文从脉冲强磁场装置工程技术的角度,结合华中科技大学脉冲强磁场装置的建设,分析了脉冲强磁场和脉冲大电流的测量原理,研究设计了脉冲强磁场装置的本地测控系统。全文的主要内容如下:
第一、介绍脉冲强磁场装置建设的意义以及国内外脉冲强磁场技术的发展概况。简要分析了测量脉冲强磁场和脉冲大电流的几种方法,描述了实现开关量控制的几种方案;
第二、简要介绍了脉冲强磁场装置的基本构成,重点描述了测控部分的系统架构和主监控系统构成;
第三、针对本地测控系统工程量测量的需要,重点研究了法拉第电磁感应法测量脉冲强磁场、Rogowski线圈测量脉冲大电流的原理和实现方法,结合具体装置进行了测试和数据分析;
第四、研究设计了基于DSP2812的本地控制系统,按照功能模块分别介绍了CPU控制板、RS-232转光纤单元电路以及相关接口板的原理和设计实现。
第五、分析探讨了系统的几类干扰来源,结合具体应用提出了屏蔽、光电隔离、过压保护、软件闭锁等抗干扰措施。
Pulsed High Magnetic Field is the one of the most important extreme condition in modern scientific experiments, which can provide an important platform of scientific experiments for physics, chemistry, biology and many other areas of the basic theory. Recently, with the development of pulse magnet technology, pulsed high magnetic fields have raised scientists' attention increasingly, because of the increment in the fundamental research, such as condensed state physics, materials science, and biomedicine. Based on the platform of the National Large Scale Scientific Research Facility - Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, we research and design the local measurement and control system of pulsed high magnetic field device, analysis how to measure pulsed high magnetic field and pulsed high current, and Achieve design and installation of local measurement and control system. The thesis mainly contains following contents:
First of all, the significance of the building pulsed high magnetic field devices is introduced. An overview of the development of pulsed high magnetic field at home and abroad is given. Several methods of measuring pulsed high magnetic field and pulsed high current and an analysis of the realization of several switch control program are given.
Secondly, the main structure of pulsed high magnetic field is described, its measurement and control system are discussed in detail.
Thirdly, the local measurement system is described in detail. The measurement method of pulsed magnetic fields using the Faraday law of electromagnetic is studied. The method of using Rogowski coils and Hall current sensor to measure pulsed high current is analyzed and compared.
Fourthly, the local control system is designed and realized. The components of local control system including DSP2812 CPU module, RS-232 to optical signal conversion and corresponding interfacing parts are presented.
Finally, the main sources of EMI are introduced. Several anti-jamming measures such as shielding, optical-electrical isolation, over-voltage protection and software interlocking an so on are given.
本文从脉冲强磁场装置工程技术的角度,结合华中科技大学脉冲强磁场装置的建设,分析了脉冲强磁场和脉冲大电流的测量原理,研究设计了脉冲强磁场装置的本地测控系统。全文的主要内容如下:
第一、介绍脉冲强磁场装置建设的意义以及国内外脉冲强磁场技术的发展概况。简要分析了测量脉冲强磁场和脉冲大电流的几种方法,描述了实现开关量控制的几种方案;
第二、简要介绍了脉冲强磁场装置的基本构成,重点描述了测控部分的系统架构和主监控系统构成;
第三、针对本地测控系统工程量测量的需要,重点研究了法拉第电磁感应法测量脉冲强磁场、Rogowski线圈测量脉冲大电流的原理和实现方法,结合具体装置进行了测试和数据分析;
第四、研究设计了基于DSP2812的本地控制系统,按照功能模块分别介绍了CPU控制板、RS-232转光纤单元电路以及相关接口板的原理和设计实现。
第五、分析探讨了系统的几类干扰来源,结合具体应用提出了屏蔽、光电隔离、过压保护、软件闭锁等抗干扰措施。
Pulsed High Magnetic Field is the one of the most important extreme condition in modern scientific experiments, which can provide an important platform of scientific experiments for physics, chemistry, biology and many other areas of the basic theory. Recently, with the development of pulse magnet technology, pulsed high magnetic fields have raised scientists' attention increasingly, because of the increment in the fundamental research, such as condensed state physics, materials science, and biomedicine. Based on the platform of the National Large Scale Scientific Research Facility - Pulsed High Magnetic Field Facility in Huazhong University of Science and Technology, we research and design the local measurement and control system of pulsed high magnetic field device, analysis how to measure pulsed high magnetic field and pulsed high current, and Achieve design and installation of local measurement and control system. The thesis mainly contains following contents:
First of all, the significance of the building pulsed high magnetic field devices is introduced. An overview of the development of pulsed high magnetic field at home and abroad is given. Several methods of measuring pulsed high magnetic field and pulsed high current and an analysis of the realization of several switch control program are given.
Secondly, the main structure of pulsed high magnetic field is described, its measurement and control system are discussed in detail.
Thirdly, the local measurement system is described in detail. The measurement method of pulsed magnetic fields using the Faraday law of electromagnetic is studied. The method of using Rogowski coils and Hall current sensor to measure pulsed high current is analyzed and compared.
Fourthly, the local control system is designed and realized. The components of local control system including DSP2812 CPU module, RS-232 to optical signal conversion and corresponding interfacing parts are presented.
Finally, the main sources of EMI are introduced. Several anti-jamming measures such as shielding, optical-electrical isolation, over-voltage protection and software interlocking an so on are given.
引文
[1]彭涛,辜承林.脉冲强磁场发展技术.核技术(2003)26(3):185-188.
[2] Klitzing. K. Von, Dorda. G, Pepper. M, New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance, Phys. Rev. Lett. (1980)45, 494-497.
[3] F. Herlach. Pulsed Magnet–Introduction of Long Duration Pulsed Fields. IOP Publishing Ltd. 1999, 62: 859-920.
[4] Kane. B. E, Dzurak. A. S, Facer. G.. R et al, Measurement instrumentation for electrical transport experiments in extreme pulsed magnetic fields generated by flux compression, Rev. Sci. Instrum. (1997)68: 3843.
[5] M. Springford et al, The Scientific Case for a European Laboratory for 100 TeslaScience, ESF study report,1998.
[6]彭涛.脉冲强磁体分析设计的理论与实践[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆, 2005.
[7] ter Haar D, Collected papers of P. Kapitza vol 1(Oxford:Pergamon)(1964)78–94.
[8] Shoenberg D, The de Haas–van Alphen effect Progress in Low Temperature Physicsed C J Gorter(Amsterdam: North-Holland)(1957)26–65
[9]王德芳,叶妙元.磁测量.北京:机械工业出版社, 1990.
[10]冯国斌,李真富,刘福华.无源光纤脉冲磁场传感器的研制.红外与激光工程, 2003, 32(4): 356-358.
[11]景桐,宋福民,李学金.压缩脉冲磁场放电电流的测量研究.深圳大学学报(理工版), 1998, 15(4): 79-85.
[12]邓向阳,李泽仁,田建华等.测量脉冲大电流的四光路光学电流传感器技术.强激光与粒子束, 2005, 17(9): 1303-1306.
[13] W. Rogowski, W. Steinhaus. Die Messung der magnetischen Spannun. Archiv f. Elektrotechnik, 1912, 1(4):141-150.
[14] K. L. Williams. Fundamentals of current transformers, Electrical Electronics Insulation and Electrical Manufacturing&Coil Winding Confer, 1995: 23-25.
[15] J. D. Ramboz. Machinable Rogowski Coil, Design, and Calibration. IEEE Trans. onInstru.&Meas. Apr. 1996, 45(2): 511-515.
[16] Ljubomir Kojovic. Rogowski coils suit relay protection and measurement. IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1997, 10(3): 47-52.
[17] Turner G.R, Hofsajer I. W. Rogowski coils for short duration(<10μs)pulsed current(>10 kA)measurements. IEEE Industry Applications Conf. African, 28 Sept.-1 Oct. 1999(2): 759-764.
[18] Niewczas P., Cruden A., Michie W. C. et.al. Error analysis of an optical current transducer operating with a digital signal processing system. IEEE Trans. on Instru.&Meas. Dec. 2000, 49(6): 1254-1259.
[19]张爱平. LabVIEW入门与虚拟仪器,北京:电子工业出版社, 2004.
[20]赵曙光.可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用.安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.
[21] Miura N, Kido G, Herlach F, et al. High magnetic field scienceand technology[M] . New York: World scientific Publishing CoPte Ltd. , 2003.
[22]揭秉信.大电流测量.北京,机械工业出版社, 1987.
[23]李泽勇,王文生.闭环霍尔电流传感器在车用电源系统中的应用[ J ].电子技术应用, 2004 (5) : 571.
[24]苏奎峰,吕强,常天庆,张永秀. DSP原理及C程序开发.北京,北京航空航天大学出版社, 2008.
[25]葛长虹.工业测控系统的抗干扰技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006.
[26]李世平,韦增亮,戴凡. PC计算机测控技术及应用[M].第二版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[27]黄耀清,郝成宏.以法拉第效应为原理的光纤磁场传感器的最新进展.大庆高等专科学校学报, 1998, 18(4):25~36.
[28] High Magnetic Fields: Science And Technology(vol.1), Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd, 981-238-976-8, 2003.
[29] Takamasu. T, Nakagawa. H, Miura. N, Transport measurements in short pulsed fields up to 100 T, Physica B(1996)216: 362-365.
[30] Jana. S, Mukherjee. R. K, Generation and measurement of pulsed high magnetic field, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 214,(2000)234-242.
[31]赵振亚,微机控制系统软件抗干扰的若干措施.电力技术应用. 1987, (3).
[32] S. T. Pai, Qi Zhang. Introduction to High Power Pulse Technology. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Ltd.,1995.
[33]赖祖武.电磁干扰防护与电磁兼容.北京:原子能出版社,1993
[34] N. Thomas Oison, J. Bandas, A. C. Koib. Measurements of a 70T Pulsed Magnetic System with Long Operational Life. Journal of Applied Physics. 1979, 50(11): 7768~7770.
[35]周明光,马海潮.计算机测试系统原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2005.
[36]陈家斌.接地技术与接地装置.北京:中国电力出版社, 2003.
[37] Ljubomir K. Rogowski coils suit relay protection and measurement of power system. IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1997, 10(3): 47-52.
[38]高迎霞,毕卫红,刘丰,包宇.基于Rogowski线圈的电流互感器信号处理中积分算法的研究.电测与仪表,2 006, 43(491): 1-5.
[39]贾英江.光纤系统光电转换新技术.光学仪器, 2000, 22(5): 17-21.
[40] Ward D A, Exon J La T. Using Rogowski Coils for Transient Curent Measurements. Engineering Seience and Education Journal, 1993, 2(3): 105-113.
[41]李博通,李永丽.基于TMs320F2812的微机保护硬件平台的开发[J].电气应用, 2007年,第26卷第5期.
[42] TMS320x281x System Contro1 and Interrupts Reference Guide(Rev.B). Texas Instrument, 05 Nov 2004.
[43] Texas Instruments, TMS320F281x ADC Calibration Reference Guide (Rev. A) . 2004.
[2] Klitzing. K. Von, Dorda. G, Pepper. M, New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance, Phys. Rev. Lett. (1980)45, 494-497.
[3] F. Herlach. Pulsed Magnet–Introduction of Long Duration Pulsed Fields. IOP Publishing Ltd. 1999, 62: 859-920.
[4] Kane. B. E, Dzurak. A. S, Facer. G.. R et al, Measurement instrumentation for electrical transport experiments in extreme pulsed magnetic fields generated by flux compression, Rev. Sci. Instrum. (1997)68: 3843.
[5] M. Springford et al, The Scientific Case for a European Laboratory for 100 TeslaScience, ESF study report,1998.
[6]彭涛.脉冲强磁体分析设计的理论与实践[博士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆, 2005.
[7] ter Haar D, Collected papers of P. Kapitza vol 1(Oxford:Pergamon)(1964)78–94.
[8] Shoenberg D, The de Haas–van Alphen effect Progress in Low Temperature Physicsed C J Gorter(Amsterdam: North-Holland)(1957)26–65
[9]王德芳,叶妙元.磁测量.北京:机械工业出版社, 1990.
[10]冯国斌,李真富,刘福华.无源光纤脉冲磁场传感器的研制.红外与激光工程, 2003, 32(4): 356-358.
[11]景桐,宋福民,李学金.压缩脉冲磁场放电电流的测量研究.深圳大学学报(理工版), 1998, 15(4): 79-85.
[12]邓向阳,李泽仁,田建华等.测量脉冲大电流的四光路光学电流传感器技术.强激光与粒子束, 2005, 17(9): 1303-1306.
[13] W. Rogowski, W. Steinhaus. Die Messung der magnetischen Spannun. Archiv f. Elektrotechnik, 1912, 1(4):141-150.
[14] K. L. Williams. Fundamentals of current transformers, Electrical Electronics Insulation and Electrical Manufacturing&Coil Winding Confer, 1995: 23-25.
[15] J. D. Ramboz. Machinable Rogowski Coil, Design, and Calibration. IEEE Trans. onInstru.&Meas. Apr. 1996, 45(2): 511-515.
[16] Ljubomir Kojovic. Rogowski coils suit relay protection and measurement. IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1997, 10(3): 47-52.
[17] Turner G.R, Hofsajer I. W. Rogowski coils for short duration(<10μs)pulsed current(>10 kA)measurements. IEEE Industry Applications Conf. African, 28 Sept.-1 Oct. 1999(2): 759-764.
[18] Niewczas P., Cruden A., Michie W. C. et.al. Error analysis of an optical current transducer operating with a digital signal processing system. IEEE Trans. on Instru.&Meas. Dec. 2000, 49(6): 1254-1259.
[19]张爱平. LabVIEW入门与虚拟仪器,北京:电子工业出版社, 2004.
[20]赵曙光.可编程逻辑器件原理、开发与应用.安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.
[21] Miura N, Kido G, Herlach F, et al. High magnetic field scienceand technology[M] . New York: World scientific Publishing CoPte Ltd. , 2003.
[22]揭秉信.大电流测量.北京,机械工业出版社, 1987.
[23]李泽勇,王文生.闭环霍尔电流传感器在车用电源系统中的应用[ J ].电子技术应用, 2004 (5) : 571.
[24]苏奎峰,吕强,常天庆,张永秀. DSP原理及C程序开发.北京,北京航空航天大学出版社, 2008.
[25]葛长虹.工业测控系统的抗干扰技术[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2006.
[26]李世平,韦增亮,戴凡. PC计算机测控技术及应用[M].第二版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[27]黄耀清,郝成宏.以法拉第效应为原理的光纤磁场传感器的最新进展.大庆高等专科学校学报, 1998, 18(4):25~36.
[28] High Magnetic Fields: Science And Technology(vol.1), Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd, 981-238-976-8, 2003.
[29] Takamasu. T, Nakagawa. H, Miura. N, Transport measurements in short pulsed fields up to 100 T, Physica B(1996)216: 362-365.
[30] Jana. S, Mukherjee. R. K, Generation and measurement of pulsed high magnetic field, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 214,(2000)234-242.
[31]赵振亚,微机控制系统软件抗干扰的若干措施.电力技术应用. 1987, (3).
[32] S. T. Pai, Qi Zhang. Introduction to High Power Pulse Technology. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Ltd.,1995.
[33]赖祖武.电磁干扰防护与电磁兼容.北京:原子能出版社,1993
[34] N. Thomas Oison, J. Bandas, A. C. Koib. Measurements of a 70T Pulsed Magnetic System with Long Operational Life. Journal of Applied Physics. 1979, 50(11): 7768~7770.
[35]周明光,马海潮.计算机测试系统原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社, 2005.
[36]陈家斌.接地技术与接地装置.北京:中国电力出版社, 2003.
[37] Ljubomir K. Rogowski coils suit relay protection and measurement of power system. IEEE Computer Application in Power, 1997, 10(3): 47-52.
[38]高迎霞,毕卫红,刘丰,包宇.基于Rogowski线圈的电流互感器信号处理中积分算法的研究.电测与仪表,2 006, 43(491): 1-5.
[39]贾英江.光纤系统光电转换新技术.光学仪器, 2000, 22(5): 17-21.
[40] Ward D A, Exon J La T. Using Rogowski Coils for Transient Curent Measurements. Engineering Seience and Education Journal, 1993, 2(3): 105-113.
[41]李博通,李永丽.基于TMs320F2812的微机保护硬件平台的开发[J].电气应用, 2007年,第26卷第5期.
[42] TMS320x281x System Contro1 and Interrupts Reference Guide(Rev.B). Texas Instrument, 05 Nov 2004.
[43] Texas Instruments, TMS320F281x ADC Calibration Reference Guide (Rev. A) . 2004.