羧基型两性淀粉的干法制备工艺及性质研究
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摘要
本研究以玉米淀粉为原料,对干法制备羧基型两性淀粉的工艺条件和羧基型两性淀粉的糊液性质、颗粒性质进行了研究。主要试验结果如下:
1、羧基型两性淀粉干法制备工艺的研究通过单因素试验,确定出影响阳离子淀粉和两性淀粉取代度及反应效率各因素的最佳值:阳离子淀粉中,NaOH与GTA的摩尔比为2.35较合适,反应温度以75℃为宜,体系含水量最佳为22%,反应时间应为3h;两性淀粉中,氯乙酸与阳离子淀粉摩尔比为0.06,NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比为3较合适,反应温度以70℃为宜,体系含水量最佳为24%,反应时间为3h。
在单因素试验中选出体系含水量,反应温度,反应时间三因素进行阳离子淀粉正交实验,选出NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比,反应温度,反应时间,体系含水量进行L9(34)四因素三水平两性淀粉正交实验。从而确定出制备阳离子淀粉和两性淀粉的最佳工艺参数,分别为阳离子淀粉,体系含水量为20%,反应温度65℃,反应时间3h;两性淀粉,体系含水量为28%,反应温度75℃,反应时间2.5h,NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比为3。
2、羧基型两性淀粉的性质研究经过分析和比较不同取代度羧基型两性淀粉和阳离子淀粉的颗粒性质、糊液性质,得到以下结论:
羧基型两性淀粉比阳离子淀粉具有较高的冷热稳定性;阳离子取代度及阴阳离子比(A/C)对羧基型两性淀粉的粘度性质有很大的影响。羧基型两性淀粉的糊液抗酸碱、剪切的能力较原淀粉明显提高,透明度及冻融稳定性较原淀粉也有显著提高。
羧甲基化及阳离子化反应不仅发生在淀粉颗粒无定形区而且也发生在结晶区,从而使淀粉结晶程度降低。
羧基型两性淀粉颗粒所带电荷种类、数量均与A/C比率有关。
The dry preparation technics of amphoteric starch with corn starch as raw material and the granules properties and paste properties of amphoteric starch was studied in this paper .The main results were as follows:
1.The studies of dry preparation technics of amphoteric starch.
The proper technology parameters were obtained through single factor test. Cation starch: NaOH/GTA = 2.35, reaction temperature = 75℃, reaction time = 3h, water content in system = 20%. Amphoteric starch : ClCH2COOH/cation starch=0.06,NaOH/ClCH2COOH=3, reaction temperature = 70℃, water content in system=24%, reaction time=3h.
Water content ,reaction temperature, reaction time in system were selected in orthogonal test of cation starch. NaOH/ClCH2COOH, reaction temperature,reaction time,water content in system were selected in orthogonal test of amphoteric starch. The proper technology parameters for the process were obtained: for cation starch, water content in system=20%, reaction temperature=70℃, reaction time=3h; for amphoteric starch, water content in system = 24%, reaction temperature = 75℃, reaction time=2.5h, NaOH/ClCH2COOH=3.
2.The properties of amphoteric starch.
The granules properties and paste properties of amphoteric starch with different DS and cationic starch were compared,the conclusions were as follows:
Amphoteric starch had better hot and cold stability compare with cationic starch. cation replace degree and A/C had singnificant influence to paste viscosity of amphoteric starch.Carboxylic amphoteric starch paste had better stability against acid and alkali,shearing and better freeze-thaw stability,higher clarity.
Caboxymethylation and cationation took place not only in the amorphous regions but also in the crystalline regions .
1、羧基型两性淀粉干法制备工艺的研究通过单因素试验,确定出影响阳离子淀粉和两性淀粉取代度及反应效率各因素的最佳值:阳离子淀粉中,NaOH与GTA的摩尔比为2.35较合适,反应温度以75℃为宜,体系含水量最佳为22%,反应时间应为3h;两性淀粉中,氯乙酸与阳离子淀粉摩尔比为0.06,NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比为3较合适,反应温度以70℃为宜,体系含水量最佳为24%,反应时间为3h。
在单因素试验中选出体系含水量,反应温度,反应时间三因素进行阳离子淀粉正交实验,选出NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比,反应温度,反应时间,体系含水量进行L9(34)四因素三水平两性淀粉正交实验。从而确定出制备阳离子淀粉和两性淀粉的最佳工艺参数,分别为阳离子淀粉,体系含水量为20%,反应温度65℃,反应时间3h;两性淀粉,体系含水量为28%,反应温度75℃,反应时间2.5h,NaOH与氯乙酸摩尔比为3。
2、羧基型两性淀粉的性质研究经过分析和比较不同取代度羧基型两性淀粉和阳离子淀粉的颗粒性质、糊液性质,得到以下结论:
羧基型两性淀粉比阳离子淀粉具有较高的冷热稳定性;阳离子取代度及阴阳离子比(A/C)对羧基型两性淀粉的粘度性质有很大的影响。羧基型两性淀粉的糊液抗酸碱、剪切的能力较原淀粉明显提高,透明度及冻融稳定性较原淀粉也有显著提高。
羧甲基化及阳离子化反应不仅发生在淀粉颗粒无定形区而且也发生在结晶区,从而使淀粉结晶程度降低。
羧基型两性淀粉颗粒所带电荷种类、数量均与A/C比率有关。
The dry preparation technics of amphoteric starch with corn starch as raw material and the granules properties and paste properties of amphoteric starch was studied in this paper .The main results were as follows:
1.The studies of dry preparation technics of amphoteric starch.
The proper technology parameters were obtained through single factor test. Cation starch: NaOH/GTA = 2.35, reaction temperature = 75℃, reaction time = 3h, water content in system = 20%. Amphoteric starch : ClCH2COOH/cation starch=0.06,NaOH/ClCH2COOH=3, reaction temperature = 70℃, water content in system=24%, reaction time=3h.
Water content ,reaction temperature, reaction time in system were selected in orthogonal test of cation starch. NaOH/ClCH2COOH, reaction temperature,reaction time,water content in system were selected in orthogonal test of amphoteric starch. The proper technology parameters for the process were obtained: for cation starch, water content in system=20%, reaction temperature=70℃, reaction time=3h; for amphoteric starch, water content in system = 24%, reaction temperature = 75℃, reaction time=2.5h, NaOH/ClCH2COOH=3.
2.The properties of amphoteric starch.
The granules properties and paste properties of amphoteric starch with different DS and cationic starch were compared,the conclusions were as follows:
Amphoteric starch had better hot and cold stability compare with cationic starch. cation replace degree and A/C had singnificant influence to paste viscosity of amphoteric starch.Carboxylic amphoteric starch paste had better stability against acid and alkali,shearing and better freeze-thaw stability,higher clarity.
Caboxymethylation and cationation took place not only in the amorphous regions but also in the crystalline regions .
引文
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