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井穴麦粒灸结合针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的临床研究
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摘要
背景:
     中风,又称脑卒中,包括缺血性和出血性中风。肢体偏瘫为中风病最主要功能障碍之一,直接影响患者的的活动能力和运动功能,严重的影响着患者的生存质量。痉挛是指肌肉或肌肉群断续或持续的不随意收缩,表现为肌张力增高、协调异常的模式。中风后挛性瘫出现在发病后,多由于失治、误治等原因使痉挛状态被永久地遗留固定下来,它直接影响中风后瘫痪康复疗效的提高,严重影响患者的日常生活能力,降低生活质量,而且高昂的康复费用给家庭、社会和个人带来沉重的负担。寻找有效缓解中风后痉挛性偏瘫的治疗方法为当前医学界的重要课题之一,对最大限度地减轻肢体功能障碍及降低肌张力开展研究,具有深远的社会意义。
     目的:
     本课题针对目前治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫患者致残率高、治疗难度大这一特点,采用改良的Ashworth量表法(MAS)、简化Fugl-Meyer评价法(SFMA)、日常生活能力的评定(ADL)及神经功能缺损量表(NDS)评价井穴麦粒灸结合针刺治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫的临床疗效,观察每个指标治疗前后的变化并进行比较,探索治疗本病的有效方法,为临床提供一种简便易行、疗效确切的方法。
     方法:
     80例符合条件的中风后痉挛性偏瘫患者,均来自于广州中医药大学第一附属医院针灸科病房患者,采用随机数字分组法分为井穴麦粒灸配合针刺组(治疗组)和单纯针刺组(对照组),每组40例。两组均在对症治疗的基础上实施。治疗组采用井穴麦粒灸配合针刺;对照组单纯采用针刺。两组均配合头针,疗程28天,针刺和麦粒灸:每周操作5次,休息2天再继续治疗,共治疗4周,治疗前后分别对改良的Ashworth量表法(MAS)、简化Fugl-Meyer评价法(SFMA)、日常生活能力的评定(ADL)及神经功能缺损量表(NDS)进行评定。所有结果均用SPSS11.0分析,治疗前进行年龄、性别、中风类型、病程等一般情况的基线及各种评价量表治疗前的比较,经统计学处理,无明显差异(P<0.05),具有可比性。
     结果:
     在改良的Ashworth量表法(MAS)、简化Fugl-Meyer评价法(SFMA)、神经功能缺损评分、日常生活能力评分方面:治疗后组间比较,两组治疗前后自身比较,有统计学差异性(P<0.05),说明两种治疗方法都能促进患者的肢体运动功能恢复、改善患者的肌张力痉挛状态;两组组间比较,治疗组疗效明显优于单纯针刺组(P<0.05)。
     结论:
     1.井穴麦粒灸配合针刺法和单纯针刺法治疗中风后痉挛性偏瘫,都能降低Ashworth量表(MAS)痉挛分级,提高简化Fugl-Meyer量表(SFMA)评分,减少神经功能缺损评分量表、提高日常生活能力评分量表评分,达到降低肌张力,提高偏瘫肢体运动能力效果,两种治疗方法均有确切的临床疗效。
     2.井穴麦粒灸配合针刺法对中风后痉挛性偏瘫的治疗效果优于单纯针刺法。
     3.井穴麦粒灸法配合针刺操作简单方便,疗效确切,具有较好的安全性,能实行规范化操作,易于推广应用,具有较广阔的应用前景。
Background
     Stroke, also known as apoplexy, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke For the main hemiplegia stroke function obstacle, directly influence the patient's movement function, activity ability, serious impact on the survival of patients with treatment. Spasm is refers to the muscles or muscle group of intermittent or sustained involuntary contraction, performance for increased muscle tension, coordination abnormal mode. After a stroke Luan palsy appears in incidence after sex, because the disease, put to wait for a reason to spasticity is permanently fixed down, it is affected directly after a stroke of healing paralyzed improve, the serious influence the patient's life ability, lower the quality of life, and the high rehabilitation expenses to the family, society and individuals bring heavy burden. Looking for relief after a stroke of treatment is mri hemiplegia currently one of the important topics in the medical profession, to maximize reduce function obstacle and reduce muscle tension of research, has a profound social significance.
     Objective
     This topic in the treatment of stroke patients with high morbidity leukoencephalopathy hemiplegia after treatment, difficulty of this one characteristic, the modified Ashworth scale method (MAS), simplified Fugl-Meyer evaluation method (SFMA), daily living skills evaluation (ADL) and nerve function defect scale (NDS) study well point acupuncture treatment combined with wheat jiu after a stroke the clinical curative effect of mri hemiplegia, observe each test index before and after treatment and the change of comparison, explore the disease prevention and control of the new therapy, for clinical provides a simple and feasible, the method of definite effect.
     Method
     Meet the conditions of the80patients after a stroke patients with leukoencephalopathy hemiplegia, are from guangzhou university of traditional Chinese medicine first affiliated hospital ward patients past50years, by means of random digital packet method into the well point acupuncture group with wheat jiu (treatment group) and pure acupuncture group (control group), each group of40people. Both groups based in symptomatic treatment based on the implementation. The treatment group was employed in the wheat with acupuncture point sticks; The control group only with acupuncture. Both groups with head needle, treatment21days, acupuncture and wheat hub:weekly operating5times, two days of rest again continue treatment, total treatment for weeks, before and after treatment for improved respectively Ashworth scale method (MAS), simplified Fugl-Meyer evaluation method (SFMA), daily living skills evaluation (ADL) and nerve function defect scale (NDS) is the test evaluation. All the results are analyzed with SPSS11.0.
     Results
     In the improved Ashworth scale method (MAS), simplified Fugl-Meyer evaluation method (SFMA), and nerve function defect scale, daily living skills scoring:after treatment, the comparison between groups, two groups before and after treatment is itself, have statistical differences (P<0.05), this means that two treatment can promote the function recovery of the patients with physical movement, improve patients with muscle tension spasticity; Two comparison between qol, the treatment group had better effects than pure acupuncture group (P<0.05).
     Conelusion
     1. Well with acupuncture point sticks wheat method and simple acupuncture treatments for stroke leukoencephalopathy hemiplegia after, can reduce Ashworth scale (MAS) spasms classification, improve the simplified Fugl-Meyer scale (SFMA) score, reduce neural function defect rating scale, improve daily living skills rating scale score, to reduce muscle tension, improve the hemiparalysisphysical movement ability effect, both treatments have the exact clinical curative effect.
     2. Well with acupuncture point method of wheat jiu after a stroke the treatment effect of the mri hemiplegia is better than pure acupuncture method.
     3. The well point with wheat moxibustion acupuncture, simple and convenient operation, symptoms, and has a good safety, can carry out standardized operation, easy to generalize application, has a wide application prospects.
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