安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉易磨损件隆磨技术研究
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摘要
安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉内易磨损的省煤器、过热器等金属零件及耐火材料的磨损是造成锅炉爆管、停炉等生产事故的主要原因之一。安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉内易磨损件的防磨措施,是直接影响安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉机组的经济和安全运行的因素。本文通过对安源电厂锅炉炉内磨损机理的研究和磨损试验,分别对它们的主要性能进行试验研究和综合分析。
造成安源电厂锅炉炉内易磨损件磨损严重的主要原因,通过综合分析研究,得出结论,最主要的原因是飞灰对炉内金属件的磨损。炉内内衬、受热面和其中的易磨损件受到飞灰的冲击。据文献资料表明,材料的磨损率的影响因素除了与耐磨材料本身的抗破坏强度、耐磨材料的粒度有关外,主要因素还应包括飞灰对安源电厂锅炉炉内易磨损件的冲刷角度、冲刷速度和磨损介质硬度,以.及炉内烧结的温度等。
炉内易磨损件降磨技术措施,经过多次的试验研究和实践后,得出了一些解决方法。结论是针对安源电厂锅炉的不同部位的易磨损件的磨损,应该采用不同的降磨措施。如炉膛下部四周水冷壁采用防磨堆焊,炉膛出口烟窗安装防磨盖板,过热器蛇形管采用防磨堆焊,一级分离器增设均流装置,风帽采用防磨堆焊,省煤器管处安装假管等防磨技术措施。非金属防磨件的防磨,选用了碳化硅耐磨砖代替原型号耐磨砖等,实践证实,这种措施大大降低了安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉炉内金属件的磨损。
研究和实践结果表明,本次江西安源发电厂再循环流化床锅炉炉内易磨损件降磨技术措施是行之有效的,对降低炉内易磨损件在高温下造成的磨损有很明显的效果,本技术改造措施经电厂运行至今,爆管、停炉现象得到了有效控制,为安源电厂带来了巨大的经济效应。
In ANYUAN power plant, The wearingof the metal parts such as conomizer and receiver, and wearing-resistant plastic able is one of the main reasons of bringing about move trouble as etube-burst production in the CFBB. The measures that easy wear parts to prevent grind in CFBB will directly affect the economic and safety move of the CFBB. In this thesis, by wearing experiment and thermal shock-resistant experiment, respectively constitute the main performance from experimental studies and comprehensive analysis。
In ANYUAN power plant, Through comprehensive analysis and research, draws the conclusion that the main reason of boiler parts internal badly worn is the fly ash impact the lining and metal parts. Literature shows that wear rate connect with the destruction resistant strength grain size of ear-resistant material and so on. And effected wearing rate material factor:erode angle, erode speed, wearing medium hardness.
After many experimental research and practice, The solution that boiler parts internal badly worn are for the different part of the furnace. The conclusion is:aiming at different parts wear in ANYUAN power plant, Should adopt different measures to Drop wearing, install surfacing in water-wall、fixing the abraseproof board in smokestacks、install surfacing in cooler serpents tube、add the measure set in one-level separator and install surfacing in the wind-cap,and so on. The wearing in nonmetal chooses wear-resisting plasticity silicon carbide instead of wear-resisting brick materials products. The practice proved that these measures greatly reduce parts wear in the Recirculating Fluidized-bed Boiler of ANYUAN power plant.
The research and practice results indicate that, Reducing Wear is effective for Easy weared parts in the Recirculating Fluidized-bed Boiler of ANYUAN power plant. This technical modification measures run today, Effectively controlled the phenomenasuch as pipe explosion or stop the production, The research has brought huge economic effects for the ANYUAN power plant
造成安源电厂锅炉炉内易磨损件磨损严重的主要原因,通过综合分析研究,得出结论,最主要的原因是飞灰对炉内金属件的磨损。炉内内衬、受热面和其中的易磨损件受到飞灰的冲击。据文献资料表明,材料的磨损率的影响因素除了与耐磨材料本身的抗破坏强度、耐磨材料的粒度有关外,主要因素还应包括飞灰对安源电厂锅炉炉内易磨损件的冲刷角度、冲刷速度和磨损介质硬度,以.及炉内烧结的温度等。
炉内易磨损件降磨技术措施,经过多次的试验研究和实践后,得出了一些解决方法。结论是针对安源电厂锅炉的不同部位的易磨损件的磨损,应该采用不同的降磨措施。如炉膛下部四周水冷壁采用防磨堆焊,炉膛出口烟窗安装防磨盖板,过热器蛇形管采用防磨堆焊,一级分离器增设均流装置,风帽采用防磨堆焊,省煤器管处安装假管等防磨技术措施。非金属防磨件的防磨,选用了碳化硅耐磨砖代替原型号耐磨砖等,实践证实,这种措施大大降低了安源电厂再循环流化床锅炉炉内金属件的磨损。
研究和实践结果表明,本次江西安源发电厂再循环流化床锅炉炉内易磨损件降磨技术措施是行之有效的,对降低炉内易磨损件在高温下造成的磨损有很明显的效果,本技术改造措施经电厂运行至今,爆管、停炉现象得到了有效控制,为安源电厂带来了巨大的经济效应。
In ANYUAN power plant, The wearingof the metal parts such as conomizer and receiver, and wearing-resistant plastic able is one of the main reasons of bringing about move trouble as etube-burst production in the CFBB. The measures that easy wear parts to prevent grind in CFBB will directly affect the economic and safety move of the CFBB. In this thesis, by wearing experiment and thermal shock-resistant experiment, respectively constitute the main performance from experimental studies and comprehensive analysis。
In ANYUAN power plant, Through comprehensive analysis and research, draws the conclusion that the main reason of boiler parts internal badly worn is the fly ash impact the lining and metal parts. Literature shows that wear rate connect with the destruction resistant strength grain size of ear-resistant material and so on. And effected wearing rate material factor:erode angle, erode speed, wearing medium hardness.
After many experimental research and practice, The solution that boiler parts internal badly worn are for the different part of the furnace. The conclusion is:aiming at different parts wear in ANYUAN power plant, Should adopt different measures to Drop wearing, install surfacing in water-wall、fixing the abraseproof board in smokestacks、install surfacing in cooler serpents tube、add the measure set in one-level separator and install surfacing in the wind-cap,and so on. The wearing in nonmetal chooses wear-resisting plasticity silicon carbide instead of wear-resisting brick materials products. The practice proved that these measures greatly reduce parts wear in the Recirculating Fluidized-bed Boiler of ANYUAN power plant.
The research and practice results indicate that, Reducing Wear is effective for Easy weared parts in the Recirculating Fluidized-bed Boiler of ANYUAN power plant. This technical modification measures run today, Effectively controlled the phenomenasuch as pipe explosion or stop the production, The research has brought huge economic effects for the ANYUAN power plant
引文
[1]蒋敏华,肖平,大型循环流化床锅炉技术[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2009(7),24-28.
[2]刘昆,310 t/h 循环流化床锅炉给料系统运行故障分析及防范措施[J].甘肃冶金2006(1),13-18.
[3]贾明,锅炉能效测试[J].品牌与标准化2009(18),23-28.
[4]孟洛伟,徐正泉,吕海生,480t/hCFB锅炉受热面防磨实践[J].发电设备2008(4),56-60.
[5]徐仁军,燃煤锅炉爆管分析及预防[J].装备制造2009(5),48-53.
[6]杨倩,原永涛,齐立强,循环流化床锅炉飞灰化学成分的数学模型[J],锅炉技术程,2010(4),38-40+64.
[7]房业清,安文广,沈海军,循环流化床锅炉炉膛磨损及解决措施[J].工业锅炉,2010(4),41-44.
[8]全国电力行业CFB机组技术交流服务协作网组,循环流化床锅炉磨损机理及防治[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2008(3),33-37.
[9]陈俊,循环流化床锅炉承压部件的磨损[J].科技风2010(8),10-13+68.
[10]吕海生,循环流化床锅炉受热面防磨改造措施[J].锅炉技术2009(4),40-45.
[11]郭心爱,徐蓓,锅炉水冷壁爆管原因分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2010(2),28-33.
[12]赵成玉,300MW机组锅炉烟气含氧量逻辑计算探讨[J].华北电力技术,2007(8)40-44+70.
[13]肖平,蒋敏华,徐正泉,CFB锅炉多阶防磨装置及其对炉内传热的影响研究[J].热力发电,2009(5),44-48.
[14]葛文博,郭亮,付强,一台10t/h循环流化床锅炉过热器爆管原因分析[J].工业锅炉,2008(5),10-13.
[15]刘志成,循环流化床锅炉的特点及防磨的技术措施[J].黑龙江科技信息2010(23),23-28.
[16]李凯勇,黄景立,鲁凤鹏,空气预热器柔性接触式密封改造[J].电力学报,2009(2),32-24.
[17]阎维平,李皓宇,黄景立,鲁许鳌,电站锅炉三分仓回转式空气预热器热力计算方法研究[J].热力发电,2009(3),35-39.
[18]熊海军,火电厂300MW循环流化床锅炉安装调试与故障处理分析探讨[J].中外建筑2009(12),46-50.
[19]沈立革,分析循环流化床锅炉燃烧稳定性的运行调整方式[J].黑龙江科技信息2010(15),60-64.
[20]刘德昌[等]编著,循环流化床锅炉运行及事故处理[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2006(3),69-77.
[21]冯玉刚,浅析优化锅炉热能的方法及效果[J].中小企业管理与科技(下旬刊)2010(3),59-64.
[22]孙兰义,崔铭伟,李军,李青松,不同结构循环旋风分离器流场的数值分析[J].石油化工 设备2009(5),37-43.
[23]郑昭,电厂循环流化床锅炉受热面局部磨损原因分析及解决办法[J].科技促进发展2009(11),20-24+66.
[24]杨雪平,缪正清,循环流化床r形风帽临界漏渣判据及其试验研究[J]锅炉技术2009(6),41-45.
[25]李忠善,朱昌煜,李志刚,多阶防磨装置在480t/h循环流化床锅炉的应用[J].内蒙古电力技术2010(3),60-64.
[26]肖平,郭涛,徐正泉,江建忠,大容量流化床式冷渣器的开发与运行性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报2009(1),31-34.
[27]程晓华,循环流化床锅炉过热器防过烧措施[J].淮南职业技术学院学报2005(1),45-49.
[28]张伯君,张喜亮,周昌玉,孙克勤,包含控制系统的烟气脱硫系统可靠性分配[J].锅炉技术2009(2),45-49.
[29]张宁,李斌,王子兵,宁丽媚,锅炉水冷壁数学模型研究锅炉技术[J]2009(6),28-32+67.
[30]杨为献,赵建新,220t/h循环流化床锅炉异常运行分析[J].煤矿现代化2009(3),35-39.
[31]尹技虎,闫伟,超音速电弧喷涂技术在440t/h CFB锅炉上的应用[J].表面技术2004(6),25-29
[32]邵斌,循环流化床锅炉脱硫问题分析[J].东北电力技术2008(5),34-38.
[33]潘明,张国华,刘源,260t/h CFB锅炉石灰石脱硫系统改造[J].能源技术与管理2008(6),34-38.
[34]王旭东,大连市工业锅炉节能减排工作现状及建议[J].工业锅炉2010(2),19-23.
[35]杨建球,大型循环流化床锅炉运行优化及改进[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2010(2),99-123.
[36]周建业,安源发电厂锅炉运行手册[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2003(1),10-25.
[2]刘昆,310 t/h 循环流化床锅炉给料系统运行故障分析及防范措施[J].甘肃冶金2006(1),13-18.
[3]贾明,锅炉能效测试[J].品牌与标准化2009(18),23-28.
[4]孟洛伟,徐正泉,吕海生,480t/hCFB锅炉受热面防磨实践[J].发电设备2008(4),56-60.
[5]徐仁军,燃煤锅炉爆管分析及预防[J].装备制造2009(5),48-53.
[6]杨倩,原永涛,齐立强,循环流化床锅炉飞灰化学成分的数学模型[J],锅炉技术程,2010(4),38-40+64.
[7]房业清,安文广,沈海军,循环流化床锅炉炉膛磨损及解决措施[J].工业锅炉,2010(4),41-44.
[8]全国电力行业CFB机组技术交流服务协作网组,循环流化床锅炉磨损机理及防治[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2008(3),33-37.
[9]陈俊,循环流化床锅炉承压部件的磨损[J].科技风2010(8),10-13+68.
[10]吕海生,循环流化床锅炉受热面防磨改造措施[J].锅炉技术2009(4),40-45.
[11]郭心爱,徐蓓,锅炉水冷壁爆管原因分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2010(2),28-33.
[12]赵成玉,300MW机组锅炉烟气含氧量逻辑计算探讨[J].华北电力技术,2007(8)40-44+70.
[13]肖平,蒋敏华,徐正泉,CFB锅炉多阶防磨装置及其对炉内传热的影响研究[J].热力发电,2009(5),44-48.
[14]葛文博,郭亮,付强,一台10t/h循环流化床锅炉过热器爆管原因分析[J].工业锅炉,2008(5),10-13.
[15]刘志成,循环流化床锅炉的特点及防磨的技术措施[J].黑龙江科技信息2010(23),23-28.
[16]李凯勇,黄景立,鲁凤鹏,空气预热器柔性接触式密封改造[J].电力学报,2009(2),32-24.
[17]阎维平,李皓宇,黄景立,鲁许鳌,电站锅炉三分仓回转式空气预热器热力计算方法研究[J].热力发电,2009(3),35-39.
[18]熊海军,火电厂300MW循环流化床锅炉安装调试与故障处理分析探讨[J].中外建筑2009(12),46-50.
[19]沈立革,分析循环流化床锅炉燃烧稳定性的运行调整方式[J].黑龙江科技信息2010(15),60-64.
[20]刘德昌[等]编著,循环流化床锅炉运行及事故处理[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2006(3),69-77.
[21]冯玉刚,浅析优化锅炉热能的方法及效果[J].中小企业管理与科技(下旬刊)2010(3),59-64.
[22]孙兰义,崔铭伟,李军,李青松,不同结构循环旋风分离器流场的数值分析[J].石油化工 设备2009(5),37-43.
[23]郑昭,电厂循环流化床锅炉受热面局部磨损原因分析及解决办法[J].科技促进发展2009(11),20-24+66.
[24]杨雪平,缪正清,循环流化床r形风帽临界漏渣判据及其试验研究[J]锅炉技术2009(6),41-45.
[25]李忠善,朱昌煜,李志刚,多阶防磨装置在480t/h循环流化床锅炉的应用[J].内蒙古电力技术2010(3),60-64.
[26]肖平,郭涛,徐正泉,江建忠,大容量流化床式冷渣器的开发与运行性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报2009(1),31-34.
[27]程晓华,循环流化床锅炉过热器防过烧措施[J].淮南职业技术学院学报2005(1),45-49.
[28]张伯君,张喜亮,周昌玉,孙克勤,包含控制系统的烟气脱硫系统可靠性分配[J].锅炉技术2009(2),45-49.
[29]张宁,李斌,王子兵,宁丽媚,锅炉水冷壁数学模型研究锅炉技术[J]2009(6),28-32+67.
[30]杨为献,赵建新,220t/h循环流化床锅炉异常运行分析[J].煤矿现代化2009(3),35-39.
[31]尹技虎,闫伟,超音速电弧喷涂技术在440t/h CFB锅炉上的应用[J].表面技术2004(6),25-29
[32]邵斌,循环流化床锅炉脱硫问题分析[J].东北电力技术2008(5),34-38.
[33]潘明,张国华,刘源,260t/h CFB锅炉石灰石脱硫系统改造[J].能源技术与管理2008(6),34-38.
[34]王旭东,大连市工业锅炉节能减排工作现状及建议[J].工业锅炉2010(2),19-23.
[35]杨建球,大型循环流化床锅炉运行优化及改进[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2010(2),99-123.
[36]周建业,安源发电厂锅炉运行手册[M].出版地：中国电力出版社,出版日：2003(1),10-25.