网络消费对职业女性生活方式的影响研究
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摘要
互联网是近二十年来难得一见的机遇,是一个改变了人类日常生活众多方面的革命性奇迹。在我国,随着生活水平的逐渐提高,上网条件的不断改善,网民的数量逐年增加。CNNIC(中国互联网信息中心)发布的《第三十次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示,截至2012年6月底,中国网民数量达到5.38亿,互联网普及率为39.9%,其中女性网民数量为45%。从社会性别视角来看,女性发展是社会发展的重要组成部分,女性的发展水平是衡量社会发展和进步的重要指标。在当代中国,职业女性的人口逐年增加,已经占就业人口的40%左右,她们是女性网民中非常值得关注的一大群体。为此,回应网络消费社会新的发展形势,研究网络消费对职业女性生活方式造成的影响就显得刻不容缓。
本文依托于问卷调查法、访谈法、文献法等收集资料,运用消费社会理论、社会性别理论和生活方式理论来探讨网络消费对职业女性生活方式的影响,确定郑州市职业女性这一群体为研究对象,包括公务员、专业技术人员\教师\医生、国企经营管理人员、企业工人、私营企业主、事业单位职员、服务业人员等。
研究内容包括调查样本的基本情况及职业女性网络消费现状,网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生的积极影响与消极影响,包括家庭生活方式、消费方式、休闲娱乐方式、信息搜寻方式、人际交往方式、工作学习方式。以及网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生消极影响的原因分析,个人层面有非理性消费意识的影响、性别意识不足的影响和消费安全意识不足的影响。网络层面有网络虚拟性的影响和网络监管不力的影响。社会层面是社会消费文化的影响和社会监管不力的影响。第五部分是促进网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生积极影响的相关对策,个人层面,要树立理性消费意识,注重身心和谐；强调性别角色的发展,提升网络消费层次；增强网络消费的防范力,提高网络消费安全意识。网络层面,加强网络自律,完善协作机制；完善奖惩机制,探索监督手段。社会层面,构建理性消费文化,营造健康消费环境；增强科学的监督力,发挥制度的约束力。
The Internet is a rare opportunity in the last decade, and is a revolutionary miracle which will change many aspects of humans'daily life. In China, with the improvement of accessing to the Internet, the number of netizen has increased year by year. The thirtieth of the release of China's Internet Development Statistics Report, published by CNNIC (China Internet Network Information Center,2012) shows that by the end of June2012, the number of netizen in China reached538million. The internet penetration rate is39.9%, and the rate of female netizen was45%.
From gender aspect, women's development is an important part of social development, and the development level is an important indicator to measure social development and progress. Contemporary professional women's population has increased year by year, and has accounted for about40%of the employed population. At this time, the research network of consumer lifestyle due to the impact of professional women, including the rational consumer awareness of professional women, the risk of consumer awareness, expand living space, career development, networking consumer safety awareness and impact professional women network consumption factors and occupational female network consumption status, it is urgent.
This article relies on questionnaires, interviews, documents and other data collection method, the use of consumer social theory, gender theory and lifestyle theory to explore the network of consumer lifestyles impact on professional women, Zhengzhou City, OK for the study of this group of professional women objects, including civil servants, professionals and technical personnel, teacher, doctors, state-owned enterprises management personnel, corporate workers, private entrepreneurs, institutions staff and service personnel.
The study includes the basic situation of the survey sample and Professional Women Network and consumption of network consumption lifestyle for professional women and the positive impact of negative effects, including family lifestyles, consumption patterns, leisure and entertainment, information search method, interpersonal manner, job learning. And network consumption on professional women lifestyle causes a negative impact analysis, the individual level there is awareness of the impact of irrational consumption, lack of gender awareness and lack of awareness of consumer safety. There are virtual network level of impact and influence of the network supervision. Social dimension of the social impact of consumer culture and social impact of inadequate supervision. The fifth part is to promote professional women network consumption on a positive impact on lifestyle-related measures at the individual level, to establish a rational consumer awareness, focus on physical and mental harmony; emphasis on the development of gender roles, improve network consumption levels; enhanced network preventive power consumption, improve network consumer safety awareness. Network level, strengthen the network self-discipline, improve the cooperation mechanism; perfect incentive mechanism, and explore means of supervision. The social level, to build a rational consumer culture, and create a healthy environment for consumption; strengthen scientific oversight power play system binding.
本文依托于问卷调查法、访谈法、文献法等收集资料,运用消费社会理论、社会性别理论和生活方式理论来探讨网络消费对职业女性生活方式的影响,确定郑州市职业女性这一群体为研究对象,包括公务员、专业技术人员\教师\医生、国企经营管理人员、企业工人、私营企业主、事业单位职员、服务业人员等。
研究内容包括调查样本的基本情况及职业女性网络消费现状,网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生的积极影响与消极影响,包括家庭生活方式、消费方式、休闲娱乐方式、信息搜寻方式、人际交往方式、工作学习方式。以及网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生消极影响的原因分析,个人层面有非理性消费意识的影响、性别意识不足的影响和消费安全意识不足的影响。网络层面有网络虚拟性的影响和网络监管不力的影响。社会层面是社会消费文化的影响和社会监管不力的影响。第五部分是促进网络消费对职业女性生活方式产生积极影响的相关对策,个人层面,要树立理性消费意识,注重身心和谐；强调性别角色的发展,提升网络消费层次；增强网络消费的防范力,提高网络消费安全意识。网络层面,加强网络自律,完善协作机制；完善奖惩机制,探索监督手段。社会层面,构建理性消费文化,营造健康消费环境；增强科学的监督力,发挥制度的约束力。
The Internet is a rare opportunity in the last decade, and is a revolutionary miracle which will change many aspects of humans'daily life. In China, with the improvement of accessing to the Internet, the number of netizen has increased year by year. The thirtieth of the release of China's Internet Development Statistics Report, published by CNNIC (China Internet Network Information Center,2012) shows that by the end of June2012, the number of netizen in China reached538million. The internet penetration rate is39.9%, and the rate of female netizen was45%.
From gender aspect, women's development is an important part of social development, and the development level is an important indicator to measure social development and progress. Contemporary professional women's population has increased year by year, and has accounted for about40%of the employed population. At this time, the research network of consumer lifestyle due to the impact of professional women, including the rational consumer awareness of professional women, the risk of consumer awareness, expand living space, career development, networking consumer safety awareness and impact professional women network consumption factors and occupational female network consumption status, it is urgent.
This article relies on questionnaires, interviews, documents and other data collection method, the use of consumer social theory, gender theory and lifestyle theory to explore the network of consumer lifestyles impact on professional women, Zhengzhou City, OK for the study of this group of professional women objects, including civil servants, professionals and technical personnel, teacher, doctors, state-owned enterprises management personnel, corporate workers, private entrepreneurs, institutions staff and service personnel.
The study includes the basic situation of the survey sample and Professional Women Network and consumption of network consumption lifestyle for professional women and the positive impact of negative effects, including family lifestyles, consumption patterns, leisure and entertainment, information search method, interpersonal manner, job learning. And network consumption on professional women lifestyle causes a negative impact analysis, the individual level there is awareness of the impact of irrational consumption, lack of gender awareness and lack of awareness of consumer safety. There are virtual network level of impact and influence of the network supervision. Social dimension of the social impact of consumer culture and social impact of inadequate supervision. The fifth part is to promote professional women network consumption on a positive impact on lifestyle-related measures at the individual level, to establish a rational consumer awareness, focus on physical and mental harmony; emphasis on the development of gender roles, improve network consumption levels; enhanced network preventive power consumption, improve network consumer safety awareness. Network level, strengthen the network self-discipline, improve the cooperation mechanism; perfect incentive mechanism, and explore means of supervision. The social level, to build a rational consumer culture, and create a healthy environment for consumption; strengthen scientific oversight power play system binding.
引文
① 《第三十次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》,中国互联网信息中心,2012
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① 丹·席勒.数字资本主义[M].南昌：江西人民出版社,2001.78
② 陈昕.救赎与消费——当代中国日常生活中的消费主义[M].南京：江苏人民出版社,2003.45
① 高永亮.网络传播消费主义现象批判[D].[博士学位论文].北京：中国传媒大学,2009
① 梁小平.论职业女性的压力管理[J].经营管理者,2008(11)：2.
① 叶启政.虚拟与真实的混沌——网络世界的实作理路[J].社会学研究,1998,(3).63
② [美]尼葛·洛庞帝.数字化生存[M].海口：海南出版社,2004,213
[1]郭玉锦,王欢.网络社会学[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2005.68-75
[2]柴庆云,陈兴超.信息文化—人类文明的新形态[M].北京：军事科学出版社,2003.77-83
[3]卜卫.社会性别视角中的传播新技术与女性[J].妇女研究论从,2002,(2)：120-125
[4](美)戴维·波谱诺.社会学[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,2004.230-238
[5]马克思,恩格斯著.马克思恩格斯全集[M].北京：北京人民出版社,1972.336-340
[6]王雅林,董鸿扬.构建生活美——中外城市生活方式比较[M].南京：东南大学出版社,2003.93-96
[7]杨贵香,陈凡.略论女性和科学技术发展[J].沈阳农业大学学报(社会科学版),2001,(9)：25-27
[8]刘利群.社会性别与媒介传播[M].北京：中国传媒大学出版社,2000.143-146
[9]孟宪范.转型社会中的中国妇女[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社,2004.58-61
[10](法)西蒙娜·德·波伏娃.第二性[M].北京：中国书籍出版社,1998.33-36
[11](美)贝蒂·弗里丹.女性的奥秘[M].北京：北方文艺出版社,1999.172-174
[12]卜卫.媒介与性别[M].南京：江苏人民出版社,2001.67-70
[13]王政,杜芳琴.社会性别研究选择[M].上海：三联书店出版社,1998.43-45
[14]张卫良.20世纪西方社会关于“消费社会”的讨论[J].国外社会科学,2004,(5)：13-16
[15]黄香馥,刘霓.e时代的女性—中外比较研究[M].北京：社会科学文献出版社,2002.56-59
[16]金兼斌.我国城市家庭的上网意向研究[M].杭州：浙江大学出版社,2002.32-35
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