桥头跳车防治与高延性纤维混凝土连续耐久桥头连接机制研究
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摘要
我国目前处于公路建设的快速发展时期,由于台背和其他结构的不均匀沉降,使公路桥头连接处发生损坏,造成桥头跳车的现象日益严重。桥头跳车不仅影响了通行车辆的行驶速度和行车安全,而且在一定程度上也增加了车辆的运营费用和公路的养护费用,同时减少了通行车辆和公路、桥梁的使用寿命,危害非常严重。因此,很多学者和专家研究并提出了解决桥头跳车的各种技术和措施,取得了一定的效果,但仍然存在诸多缺陷与不足。近十年以来,出现了一种新型混凝土材料,即高延性纤维混凝土,这种新型材料具有很强的抗拉能力与吸收变形的能力以及卓越的耐久性、可持续性。有鉴于此,本论文研究探讨了如何利用高延性纤维混凝土材料设计连续无缝桥头连接板来满足各种变形的需要。
把高延性纤维混凝土材料应用到无缝桥头连接板上,充分发挥高延性纤维混凝土优越性能,减少桥梁的各种裂缝,同时抵抗各种变形,提高桥梁使用寿命,能够很好地解决桥头跳车防治问题,并且具有良好的经济效益。
本论文简要分析了传统防治桥头跳车问题的主要技术措施、作用机理及各措施存在的不足和缺陷；研究了高延性纤维混凝土材料的力学性能、耐久性能和持续性；基于上述两部分的分析进行了高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板的构造设计和计算方法的研究,并提出了关于高延性纤维混凝土材料解决桥头跳车机制方面的一些意见和建议。
高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板的使用,能够有效地提高桥头路面的连续性和平整性,使通行车辆减少颠簸从而更加平稳,不仅能够延长桥梁的使用寿命,同时也能够提高通行车辆的安全性和使用寿命。因此,使用高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板防治桥头跳车有必要在我国推广和应用。
China is in the term of high-speed highway construction. Because of uneven settlement of the abutment back and other structures, the highway bridge junction damage occurs, resulting in the growing phenomenon of bridgehead bump. Bridgehead bump not only affects the access speed of the vehicle and traffic safety, but also vehicles the operating costs and road maintenance costs to some extent. At the same time, it reduces the service life of roads and bridges, the harm is very serious. Therefore, many scholars and experts have conducted the related investigations and propose a variety of technologies and measures to resolve bridgehead bump problems, and achieving some results. However, there are still many defects and shortcomings. For nearly a decade, a new type of concrete materials-Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC), this new material has superior tensile, tensile strength and the outstanding durability and persistence. In view of this, the thesis discusses how to use high-ductile fiber-reinforced concrete to design Continuous seamless bridgehead connecting plate to meet the needs of various deformations.
ECC material applied to the seamless bridgehead connecting plate, gives full play to the high ductility of ECC, reduces the cracks and deformations of bridge, improves the life of bridge, and be able to solve the bump prevention issues, and has a good economic and social benefits.
This thesis is a brief analysis of the main technical problem of the traditional prevention bridgehead bump measures, mechanism of action and measures there are shortcomings and deficiencies; studying the mechanical properties, durability and sustainability of ECC materials; based on the analysis of the two parts, studying the structural design and calculation methods of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plate, and proposing some comments and suggestions about the design of ECC material to solve bridgehead bump.
The using of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plates can effectively improve the continuity and smoothness of the bridge, reduce the bumps and let vehicles run more smoothly. At the same time, it can not only increase the life of bridges, but also improve the safety and service life of vehicles. Therefore, the application of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plates to preventing bridgehead bump is necessary and helpful for facilitating resolving this problem.
把高延性纤维混凝土材料应用到无缝桥头连接板上,充分发挥高延性纤维混凝土优越性能,减少桥梁的各种裂缝,同时抵抗各种变形,提高桥梁使用寿命,能够很好地解决桥头跳车防治问题,并且具有良好的经济效益。
本论文简要分析了传统防治桥头跳车问题的主要技术措施、作用机理及各措施存在的不足和缺陷；研究了高延性纤维混凝土材料的力学性能、耐久性能和持续性；基于上述两部分的分析进行了高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板的构造设计和计算方法的研究,并提出了关于高延性纤维混凝土材料解决桥头跳车机制方面的一些意见和建议。
高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板的使用,能够有效地提高桥头路面的连续性和平整性,使通行车辆减少颠簸从而更加平稳,不仅能够延长桥梁的使用寿命,同时也能够提高通行车辆的安全性和使用寿命。因此,使用高延性纤维混凝土无缝桥头连接板防治桥头跳车有必要在我国推广和应用。
China is in the term of high-speed highway construction. Because of uneven settlement of the abutment back and other structures, the highway bridge junction damage occurs, resulting in the growing phenomenon of bridgehead bump. Bridgehead bump not only affects the access speed of the vehicle and traffic safety, but also vehicles the operating costs and road maintenance costs to some extent. At the same time, it reduces the service life of roads and bridges, the harm is very serious. Therefore, many scholars and experts have conducted the related investigations and propose a variety of technologies and measures to resolve bridgehead bump problems, and achieving some results. However, there are still many defects and shortcomings. For nearly a decade, a new type of concrete materials-Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC), this new material has superior tensile, tensile strength and the outstanding durability and persistence. In view of this, the thesis discusses how to use high-ductile fiber-reinforced concrete to design Continuous seamless bridgehead connecting plate to meet the needs of various deformations.
ECC material applied to the seamless bridgehead connecting plate, gives full play to the high ductility of ECC, reduces the cracks and deformations of bridge, improves the life of bridge, and be able to solve the bump prevention issues, and has a good economic and social benefits.
This thesis is a brief analysis of the main technical problem of the traditional prevention bridgehead bump measures, mechanism of action and measures there are shortcomings and deficiencies; studying the mechanical properties, durability and sustainability of ECC materials; based on the analysis of the two parts, studying the structural design and calculation methods of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plate, and proposing some comments and suggestions about the design of ECC material to solve bridgehead bump.
The using of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plates can effectively improve the continuity and smoothness of the bridge, reduce the bumps and let vehicles run more smoothly. At the same time, it can not only increase the life of bridges, but also improve the safety and service life of vehicles. Therefore, the application of ECC seamless bridgehead connecting plates to preventing bridgehead bump is necessary and helpful for facilitating resolving this problem.
引文
[1]赵东.桥头跳车原因分析及质量控制[J].山西科技,2004(1)：43-44
[2]孟祥凤.土工格室柔性搭板作用性状计算机防真研究[D].[硕士学位论文].石家庄：石家庄铁道学院,2007
[3]Li V C and Obla K H. Effect of Fiber Length Variation Tensile Properties of Carbon Fiber Cement Composites. Int1J.of Composites Engineering.1994,4 (9):947-964
[4]Li V C, Mishra D K and Wu H C.Matrix Design for Pseudo Strain-Hardening Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites. RILEM J.Materials and Structures.1995
[5]Maalej M and Li V C. Introduction of Strain Hardening Engineered Cementitious Composite sin the Design of Reinforced Concrete Flexural Members for Improved Durability. American Concrete Institute Structural [J].1995,92(2):167-176
[6]Parra-Montesirios G and Wight J K. Seismic Response of Exterior RC Column-to-Steel Beam Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE.2000,126 (10):1113-1121
[7]Zhang J Li V C, Nowak A and Wang S. Introducing Ductile Strip for Durability Enhancement of Concrete Slabs.ASCE J. of Materials in Civil Engineering.2002, 14(3):253-261
[8]Kesner K,Billing ton S L.Investigation of panels made from ECC for seismic strengthening and retrofit [J].ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering.2004,131 (11):1712-1720
[9]Wang, Li V C.Poly viny Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Engineered Cementitious Composites: Material Design and Performances.2006:65-73
[10]张君,公成旭.高韧性纤维增强水泥基复合材料单轴抗拉性能研究[C].见：第十一届全国纤维混凝土学术会议.大连：大连理工大学出版社,2006：27-32
[11]黄俊.PVA纤维水泥基复合材料轴向拉伸应力一应变全曲线试验研究[C].见：第十一届全国纤维混凝土学术会议论文集.大连：2006,96-103
[12]高淑玲,徐世娘.PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料单轴抗压试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2009,6(6)：43-45
[13]公成旭,张君.高韧性纤维增强水泥基复合材料的抗拉性能[J].水利学报,2008,(3)361-366
[14]徐世娘,李贺东.超高韧性水泥基复合材料直接拉伸试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(9)：32-41
[15]苏骏,徐世娘,毕辉.UHTCC新型梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2)：59-63
[16]李明杰.桥头跳车病害分析及防治技术研究[D].[硕士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2004
[17]王欧.桥头跳车原因分析及防治[J].辽宁交通科技,2006,(2)：45-46
[18]钟智威.高速公路桥头跳车原因分析及防治措施[J].公路,2006,8(8)：297-299
[19]周谦.低活性粉煤灰处理桥头跳车的研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2007,23(4)：576-579
[20]李海芳,温晓贵,龚晓南.低强度桩复合地基处理桥头跳车现场试验研究[J].中南公路工程,2003,28(3)：27-34
[21]张志宏.灌浆技术在桥头跳车防治中的应用分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2008,25(12)：63-66
[22]张浩华,童怀峰.后处理技术在桥头跳车处理中的应用研究[J].河南科学,2011,29(3)：324-329
[23]李海平.EPS轻质路堤在桥头跳车防治中的应用分析[J].安徽建筑,2010,17(5)：110-113.
[24]魏越强,王锐佳,申爱琴等.无砂混凝土在桥头跳车病害防治技术中的应用[J].建筑材料学报,2004,7(3)：303-311.
[25]刘澜涛.桥头跳车成因及预防措施[J].交通世界,2010
[26]Li V C.Bendable Composites-"ductile Concrete for structures. Structure Magazine.2006, 45-48
[27]戴利.超高延性纤维混凝土(SDC)梁的力学性能研究[D].[硕士学位论文].沈阳：沈阳建筑大学,2011
[28]陈朝慰.无伸缩缝桥梁桥台与主梁的结点构造及受力性能分析[D].[硕十学位论文].福州：福州大学,2003
[29]Eduardo.B.Pereira.Gregor Fischer. Direct assessment of tensile stress-crack opening behavior of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (SHCC).Cement and Concrete Research 42(2012)834-846.2012
[30]En-HuaYang.Victor C.Li. Tailoring engineered cementitious composites for impact resistance. Cement and Concrete Research 42 (2012) 1066-1071.2012
[31]彭大文,林志平,洪锦祥.无伸缩缝桥梁的研究与实践[J].公路,2006,8(8)：53-62
[32]陈建新,陆涛,陈飞.桥梁无缝伸缩缝与无缝桥梁的适用性分析[J].公路交通科技,2010：115-120
[33]Mustafa Sahmaran.Erdogan Ozbay. Frost resistance and microstructure of engineered composites:Influence of fly ash and micro poly-vinyl-alcohol fiber. Cement and Concrete Research 34(2012)156-165.2012
[34]Michael D. Lepech Victor C. Li. Application of ECC for bridge deck link slabs. Materials and Structures.42:1185-1195.DOI 10.1617/s11527-009-9544-5.2009
[35]王雪梅,王银涛.桥梁伸缩缝伸缩量的确定[J].黑龙江交通科技,2012,219(5)：59
[36]秦秋红.ECC柔性桥面连接板设计与应用研究[D].[硕士学位论文].郑州：郑州大学,2011
[37]刘君有,庞贵才.无缝桥梁伸缩缝在北方寒冷地区的应用及使用效果分析[J].内蒙古公路与运输,1999,(2)：6-8
[38]Michael D. Lepech. Sustainable Infrastructure Systems using Engineered Cementitious Composites, lepech.2009 asce.lca sustainable building.2009
[39]Michael D. Lepech Victor C. Li. Application of ECC for bridge deck link slabs. Materials and Structures.42:1185-1195.DOI10.1617/s11527-009-9544-5.2009
[40]Alissa Kendall. Life Cycle Metrics, Materials Design, and Optimized Distribution of Cement Production. The University of Michigan.2007
[41]Victor C. Li, M. Lepech, and M. Li. Report On Field Demonstration of Durable Link Slabs for Joint less Bridge Decks Based on Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites. Submitted to Michigan Department of Transportation. December 21,2005
[42]侯向丽,张虹,马树才.费用效益分析法在桥梁加固、重建决策中的应用[J].辽宁大学学报,2007,34(2)：124-127
[2]孟祥凤.土工格室柔性搭板作用性状计算机防真研究[D].[硕士学位论文].石家庄：石家庄铁道学院,2007
[3]Li V C and Obla K H. Effect of Fiber Length Variation Tensile Properties of Carbon Fiber Cement Composites. Int1J.of Composites Engineering.1994,4 (9):947-964
[4]Li V C, Mishra D K and Wu H C.Matrix Design for Pseudo Strain-Hardening Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites. RILEM J.Materials and Structures.1995
[5]Maalej M and Li V C. Introduction of Strain Hardening Engineered Cementitious Composite sin the Design of Reinforced Concrete Flexural Members for Improved Durability. American Concrete Institute Structural [J].1995,92(2):167-176
[6]Parra-Montesirios G and Wight J K. Seismic Response of Exterior RC Column-to-Steel Beam Connections. Journal of Structural Engineering.ASCE.2000,126 (10):1113-1121
[7]Zhang J Li V C, Nowak A and Wang S. Introducing Ductile Strip for Durability Enhancement of Concrete Slabs.ASCE J. of Materials in Civil Engineering.2002, 14(3):253-261
[8]Kesner K,Billing ton S L.Investigation of panels made from ECC for seismic strengthening and retrofit [J].ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering.2004,131 (11):1712-1720
[9]Wang, Li V C.Poly viny Alcohol Fiber Reinforced Engineered Cementitious Composites: Material Design and Performances.2006:65-73
[10]张君,公成旭.高韧性纤维增强水泥基复合材料单轴抗拉性能研究[C].见：第十一届全国纤维混凝土学术会议.大连：大连理工大学出版社,2006：27-32
[11]黄俊.PVA纤维水泥基复合材料轴向拉伸应力一应变全曲线试验研究[C].见：第十一届全国纤维混凝土学术会议论文集.大连：2006,96-103
[12]高淑玲,徐世娘.PVA纤维增强水泥基复合材料单轴抗压试验研究[J].混凝土与水泥制品,2009,6(6)：43-45
[13]公成旭,张君.高韧性纤维增强水泥基复合材料的抗拉性能[J].水利学报,2008,(3)361-366
[14]徐世娘,李贺东.超高韧性水泥基复合材料直接拉伸试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(9)：32-41
[15]苏骏,徐世娘,毕辉.UHTCC新型梁柱节点抗震性能试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2010,30(2)：59-63
[16]李明杰.桥头跳车病害分析及防治技术研究[D].[硕士学位论文].西安：长安大学,2004
[17]王欧.桥头跳车原因分析及防治[J].辽宁交通科技,2006,(2)：45-46
[18]钟智威.高速公路桥头跳车原因分析及防治措施[J].公路,2006,8(8)：297-299
[19]周谦.低活性粉煤灰处理桥头跳车的研究[J].沈阳建筑大学学报,2007,23(4)：576-579
[20]李海芳,温晓贵,龚晓南.低强度桩复合地基处理桥头跳车现场试验研究[J].中南公路工程,2003,28(3)：27-34
[21]张志宏.灌浆技术在桥头跳车防治中的应用分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2008,25(12)：63-66
[22]张浩华,童怀峰.后处理技术在桥头跳车处理中的应用研究[J].河南科学,2011,29(3)：324-329
[23]李海平.EPS轻质路堤在桥头跳车防治中的应用分析[J].安徽建筑,2010,17(5)：110-113.
[24]魏越强,王锐佳,申爱琴等.无砂混凝土在桥头跳车病害防治技术中的应用[J].建筑材料学报,2004,7(3)：303-311.
[25]刘澜涛.桥头跳车成因及预防措施[J].交通世界,2010
[26]Li V C.Bendable Composites-"ductile Concrete for structures. Structure Magazine.2006, 45-48
[27]戴利.超高延性纤维混凝土(SDC)梁的力学性能研究[D].[硕士学位论文].沈阳：沈阳建筑大学,2011
[28]陈朝慰.无伸缩缝桥梁桥台与主梁的结点构造及受力性能分析[D].[硕十学位论文].福州：福州大学,2003
[29]Eduardo.B.Pereira.Gregor Fischer. Direct assessment of tensile stress-crack opening behavior of Strain Hardening Cementitious Composites (SHCC).Cement and Concrete Research 42(2012)834-846.2012
[30]En-HuaYang.Victor C.Li. Tailoring engineered cementitious composites for impact resistance. Cement and Concrete Research 42 (2012) 1066-1071.2012
[31]彭大文,林志平,洪锦祥.无伸缩缝桥梁的研究与实践[J].公路,2006,8(8)：53-62
[32]陈建新,陆涛,陈飞.桥梁无缝伸缩缝与无缝桥梁的适用性分析[J].公路交通科技,2010：115-120
[33]Mustafa Sahmaran.Erdogan Ozbay. Frost resistance and microstructure of engineered composites:Influence of fly ash and micro poly-vinyl-alcohol fiber. Cement and Concrete Research 34(2012)156-165.2012
[34]Michael D. Lepech Victor C. Li. Application of ECC for bridge deck link slabs. Materials and Structures.42:1185-1195.DOI 10.1617/s11527-009-9544-5.2009
[35]王雪梅,王银涛.桥梁伸缩缝伸缩量的确定[J].黑龙江交通科技,2012,219(5)：59
[36]秦秋红.ECC柔性桥面连接板设计与应用研究[D].[硕士学位论文].郑州：郑州大学,2011
[37]刘君有,庞贵才.无缝桥梁伸缩缝在北方寒冷地区的应用及使用效果分析[J].内蒙古公路与运输,1999,(2)：6-8
[38]Michael D. Lepech. Sustainable Infrastructure Systems using Engineered Cementitious Composites, lepech.2009 asce.lca sustainable building.2009
[39]Michael D. Lepech Victor C. Li. Application of ECC for bridge deck link slabs. Materials and Structures.42:1185-1195.DOI10.1617/s11527-009-9544-5.2009
[40]Alissa Kendall. Life Cycle Metrics, Materials Design, and Optimized Distribution of Cement Production. The University of Michigan.2007
[41]Victor C. Li, M. Lepech, and M. Li. Report On Field Demonstration of Durable Link Slabs for Joint less Bridge Decks Based on Strain-Hardening Cementitious Composites. Submitted to Michigan Department of Transportation. December 21,2005
[42]侯向丽,张虹,马树才.费用效益分析法在桥梁加固、重建决策中的应用[J].辽宁大学学报,2007,34(2)：124-127