锡矿山建筑物下采空区稳定性分析与残矿回收技术研究
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摘要
锡矿山锑矿矿区地表分布有学校、厂房及居民楼等重要建筑物,不允许地下开采产生大的地压而使其遭受破坏。另外,近地表有大量未处理民采空区。采空区可能诱发地面塌陷,危及地表建筑物和构筑物的安全,为此开展锡矿山建筑物下采空区稳定性分析与残矿回收技术课题的研究。
本文主要包括以下几方面研究内容:
(1)通过对锡矿山的现场地质调查和矿山地质资料的收集整理,掌握了矿区的工程地质条件,水文地质条件,并通过分析得出采空区的规模与分布情况以及地表建筑物的分布情况。
(2)进行了岩石物理力学参数的试验,获得了矿区内各种矿岩的力学参数。
(3)建立三维弹塑性有限元模型,对采空区围岩和地表建筑物地基的稳定性进行非线性有限元数值模拟分析。模拟结果表明,采空区存在破坏的可能。提出矿区内老采空区处理的措施。
(4)提出了残矿回收方案,并对采矿方法和开采工艺进行了数值模拟,以获得合理的采场结构参数和开采工艺。取得的主要研究成果有:采用上向水平分层尾砂胶结充填法,先用胶结充填法回采矿柱,再用尾砂充填法回采矿房。矿柱宽度为8m,矿房跨度为12m。分层高度为2.5-3m,最大控顶高度为10m。
项目的研究为锡矿山锑矿矿区的采空区处理和残矿的回收提出了安全、经济和技术合理的方案,这也可为其它金属矿山建筑物下矿床开采提供参考。
There are many important buildings in the ground surface of Xikuangshan antimony ore district, such as school, workshop and resident buildings. So underground mining which may produce big ground pressure is not allowed to protect the surface buildings from destroy. Besides, there are large amount of goaf near the earth's surface. The ground subside has been arosed by the goaf and the surface buildings has been destroyed badly. So the study on the stability of goaf under the buildings in xikuangshan and the recovery remnant ore is essential.
In the paper,the following contents are included:
(1)Through the scene geologic investigation,the collection of the mine geological data,the engineering geological condition and hydrogeological condition of ore district are grasped. The distributed condition of the goaf and the distributed condition of surface buildings has been gained by analysis.
(2) The physical and mechanical parameters of rocks has been gained through the parametric experiment.
(3) The 3D elastic-plasticity finite element models are builded to simulate the stabilization of the goaf wall rock and the foundation of the buildings on ground surface. The results show that the goaf is likely to been destructed. Bring forward how to treatment the present goaf.
(4) The recovery technology of residual ore are bringed forward, and the 3D finite element software is utilized to simulate the mining technology to obtain rational structural parameters of stope and mining technic.When adopting the upward level tail cemented back-filling mining method, first stoping the pillar and filling with cemented body , second step stoping the mine room and filling with tail. The width of the pillar is 8 m and the width of the mine room is 12 m.The lamination height is 2.5-3 m, the largest height is10 m.
The research project bring forward security, economic and technical reasonable options for recovery remnant ore and the disposal of goafs of the xikuangshan ore area. This can provide information for other metal mines which has goaf under the buildings.
本文主要包括以下几方面研究内容:
(1)通过对锡矿山的现场地质调查和矿山地质资料的收集整理,掌握了矿区的工程地质条件,水文地质条件,并通过分析得出采空区的规模与分布情况以及地表建筑物的分布情况。
(2)进行了岩石物理力学参数的试验,获得了矿区内各种矿岩的力学参数。
(3)建立三维弹塑性有限元模型,对采空区围岩和地表建筑物地基的稳定性进行非线性有限元数值模拟分析。模拟结果表明,采空区存在破坏的可能。提出矿区内老采空区处理的措施。
(4)提出了残矿回收方案,并对采矿方法和开采工艺进行了数值模拟,以获得合理的采场结构参数和开采工艺。取得的主要研究成果有:采用上向水平分层尾砂胶结充填法,先用胶结充填法回采矿柱,再用尾砂充填法回采矿房。矿柱宽度为8m,矿房跨度为12m。分层高度为2.5-3m,最大控顶高度为10m。
项目的研究为锡矿山锑矿矿区的采空区处理和残矿的回收提出了安全、经济和技术合理的方案,这也可为其它金属矿山建筑物下矿床开采提供参考。
There are many important buildings in the ground surface of Xikuangshan antimony ore district, such as school, workshop and resident buildings. So underground mining which may produce big ground pressure is not allowed to protect the surface buildings from destroy. Besides, there are large amount of goaf near the earth's surface. The ground subside has been arosed by the goaf and the surface buildings has been destroyed badly. So the study on the stability of goaf under the buildings in xikuangshan and the recovery remnant ore is essential.
In the paper,the following contents are included:
(1)Through the scene geologic investigation,the collection of the mine geological data,the engineering geological condition and hydrogeological condition of ore district are grasped. The distributed condition of the goaf and the distributed condition of surface buildings has been gained by analysis.
(2) The physical and mechanical parameters of rocks has been gained through the parametric experiment.
(3) The 3D elastic-plasticity finite element models are builded to simulate the stabilization of the goaf wall rock and the foundation of the buildings on ground surface. The results show that the goaf is likely to been destructed. Bring forward how to treatment the present goaf.
(4) The recovery technology of residual ore are bringed forward, and the 3D finite element software is utilized to simulate the mining technology to obtain rational structural parameters of stope and mining technic.When adopting the upward level tail cemented back-filling mining method, first stoping the pillar and filling with cemented body , second step stoping the mine room and filling with tail. The width of the pillar is 8 m and the width of the mine room is 12 m.The lamination height is 2.5-3 m, the largest height is10 m.
The research project bring forward security, economic and technical reasonable options for recovery remnant ore and the disposal of goafs of the xikuangshan ore area. This can provide information for other metal mines which has goaf under the buildings.
引文
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