稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量系统研究
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摘要
稳定土厂拌设备是路面施工机械的主要机种之一,是拌和水泥稳定土的关键设备,用于拌和各种以水硬性材料为结合剂的稳定混合料,其粉料计量的精度和稳定性,决定了成品料质量的好坏。
作为一种连续强制式搅拌设备,稳定土厂拌设备的工作原理决定了它对粉料的计量必须是一种动态连续的计量。从计量方式上看,现有的稳定土厂拌设备对物料的计量有容积式计量和称重式计量,而从结构形式看,先后采用了皮带秤、螺旋秤和减量称等几种形式。其中利用螺旋计量秤进行计量的方式在国内外连续式稳定土厂拌设备上得到了广泛的应用,技术也相对比较成熟。
论文在分析连续式稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量技术现状以及国内外相关资料的基础上,提出目前粉料计量系统普遍存在的问题是由于粉料的自身特性造成的粉料输送的不稳定,从而造成的计量精度不高;通过对各种粉料输送、计量结构形式的分析以及对稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量系统大量动态标定数据的统计比较,提出利用双管螺旋计量的方案可以提高粉料计量系统的计量精度;依据粉料输送理论,对双管螺旋的机械结构部分进行了计算与设计;对所设计的螺旋利用机械模拟仿真技术进行了机构的静态和动态干涉检查,利用ANSYS软件对其进行了应力与变形分析,仿真结果表明该系统可满足正常生产要求;在此基础上,对根据设计参数制造的双管螺旋系统进行了实验,实验结果表明该系统可以提高稳定土厂拌设备的粉料计量精度和输送稳定性。
Stabilized soil mixing plant is one of the central road surface engineering machinery and it is the key equipment to mix the soil. The weighing precision and stability of the powder weighing system in this equipment is very import to the quality of cement stabilized soil.
The metering methods of the continuous stabilized soil mixing plants should be dynamic and continuous because their working mode. They can be categorized to cubage metering and weight metering in the form of metering methods. If we categorize them in the form of structure, it will be strap metering device, strew metering device and subtraction metering device. Being one of these structures, screw metering device is mature and is widely used in domestic and foreign continuous stabilized soil mixing plants.
Based on the technique status and foreign data of continuous stabilized soil mixing plant, the writer put forward the problem of the powder weighing system that the weakness of weighing precision is because the characteristic of cement. Analyzed the structure of several powder weighing system and some data of dynamic calibration on several equipments, and consulted the data, the writer found the doubled-screw weighing system is superior than other system in powder weighing.
Followed the theories of powder delivery, a machine was designed in this paper which can weigh powder material with a doubled-screw system.
Finally, the writer tested the machine with the method of simulation, and examined the screw which designed in the foregoing chapter. The result shows that the system can maintain good weighing precision and stability in actual working conditions.
作为一种连续强制式搅拌设备,稳定土厂拌设备的工作原理决定了它对粉料的计量必须是一种动态连续的计量。从计量方式上看,现有的稳定土厂拌设备对物料的计量有容积式计量和称重式计量,而从结构形式看,先后采用了皮带秤、螺旋秤和减量称等几种形式。其中利用螺旋计量秤进行计量的方式在国内外连续式稳定土厂拌设备上得到了广泛的应用,技术也相对比较成熟。
论文在分析连续式稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量技术现状以及国内外相关资料的基础上,提出目前粉料计量系统普遍存在的问题是由于粉料的自身特性造成的粉料输送的不稳定,从而造成的计量精度不高;通过对各种粉料输送、计量结构形式的分析以及对稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量系统大量动态标定数据的统计比较,提出利用双管螺旋计量的方案可以提高粉料计量系统的计量精度;依据粉料输送理论,对双管螺旋的机械结构部分进行了计算与设计;对所设计的螺旋利用机械模拟仿真技术进行了机构的静态和动态干涉检查,利用ANSYS软件对其进行了应力与变形分析,仿真结果表明该系统可满足正常生产要求;在此基础上,对根据设计参数制造的双管螺旋系统进行了实验,实验结果表明该系统可以提高稳定土厂拌设备的粉料计量精度和输送稳定性。
Stabilized soil mixing plant is one of the central road surface engineering machinery and it is the key equipment to mix the soil. The weighing precision and stability of the powder weighing system in this equipment is very import to the quality of cement stabilized soil.
The metering methods of the continuous stabilized soil mixing plants should be dynamic and continuous because their working mode. They can be categorized to cubage metering and weight metering in the form of metering methods. If we categorize them in the form of structure, it will be strap metering device, strew metering device and subtraction metering device. Being one of these structures, screw metering device is mature and is widely used in domestic and foreign continuous stabilized soil mixing plants.
Based on the technique status and foreign data of continuous stabilized soil mixing plant, the writer put forward the problem of the powder weighing system that the weakness of weighing precision is because the characteristic of cement. Analyzed the structure of several powder weighing system and some data of dynamic calibration on several equipments, and consulted the data, the writer found the doubled-screw weighing system is superior than other system in powder weighing.
Followed the theories of powder delivery, a machine was designed in this paper which can weigh powder material with a doubled-screw system.
Finally, the writer tested the machine with the method of simulation, and examined the screw which designed in the foregoing chapter. The result shows that the system can maintain good weighing precision and stability in actual working conditions.
引文
[1]王凤军.浅谈稳定土厂拌设备[J].建设机械技术与管理,2002,15(2):8-9.
[2]刘海英,孔玉坤.水泥稳定土的材料对强度的影响[J].北方交通,2007(2):23-25
[3]郭兰英.水泥稳定土的强度与干缩裂缝的影响因素[J]路基工程,2006(2)
[4]陈升.稳定土厂拌设备的发展[J].工程机械与维修,2002,1:52-54.
[5]陈升.国产稳定土厂拌设备的现状与发展[J].建设机械技术与管理,1997,10(2):11-14.
[6]胡选儒.稳定土厂拌设备技术发展动向[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,1996,10(1):21-22.
[7]葛振胜,徐爱萍,李波.软启动技术及其应用[J].莱钢科技,2002,1:23-25
[8]阎纪存,莫淑兰.双托辊皮带秤的技术和安装调试要点[J].水泥工程,1997-3
[9]杨丽娜.配料控制器的研究与开发[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2003.5
[10]赵治华.称重式定量包装计量技术[J].包装与食品机械,1990(1).
[11]尹杰.WBC250型稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量系统的改造[J].工程机械与维修,1999(2):60.
[12]阎纪存,莫淑兰.双托辊皮带秤的技术和安装调试要点[J].水泥工程,1997,3.
[13]单连东,谭军.WB500型稳定土厂拌设备的技术改造[J].工程机械,2002,33(3):21-22.
[14]王玉林,气力输送装置的分类及其应用,工厂建设与设计,1993,10,10-12.
[15]马永明等.电子螺旋秤在生石灰自动配料系统中的应用[J].烧结球团,2002,27(5):44-46.
[16]张贵林,郭浩,赵谆生,超声波粉体输送装置及其应用,振动、测试与诊断,2001(9),186-190.
[17]邓永贵.电子皮带秤三种标定方法[J].工程计量,1999,9(6):20-21
[18]宫跃文.机电一体化粉体精密计量装置及控制系统的研究.北京化工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[19]Metrological Regulations for Load Cells[J].OIML,1984(60).
[20]Automatic Gravimetric Filling Machines[J].OIML,1985(61).
[21]Non-automatic Weighing Instruments[J].OIML,1985(76).
[22]汪新军,于国芳.LHZS120连续式稳定土混凝土搅拌站[J].建筑机械化,2003,24(6):25-26.
[23]王玉玲,李宏玲.稳定土厂拌设备计量系统的探析[J].建设机械技术与管理,2002,15(6):32-33.
[24]谭军.稳定土厂拌设备配料计量形式及集散控制模式初探[J].辽宁交通科技,2002,25(6):72-76.
[25]姚亚妮等.稳定土厂拌设备水泥计量精度的改进和提高[J],2002(8):50-51.
[26]朱复华.螺杆设计及其理论基础[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1984.
[27]黄文景,邓小连,盛振忠.稳定土连续配料秤性能分析与探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(3):89-91.
[28]董武,王红华.影响稳定土拌和站水泥减量秤不稳定的主要因素[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2007,24(3):18-19.
[29]赵东伟.称量系统的干扰及防止措施[J].工程机械与维修,2003年,11.
[30]韩宇,谢立扬,许俊清.稳定土厂拌设备的动态标定分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,20(12):30-32.
[31]胡国华,李高磊,袁洪庆.从公路实践出发浅述稳定土厂拌和设备的计量校验[J].建设机械技术与管理,2006,19(4):102-104.
[32]黄文景,邓小连,盛振忠.稳定土连续配料秤性能分析与探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(3):89-91
[33]赵崇良等.双管螺旋秤在水泥配料中的应用[J].水泥,2003,5:46-47
[34]黄石茂.螺旋输送机输送机理及其主要参数的确定.广东造纸,1998,03。
[35]ROBERTS A W.The influence of granular vortex motion on the volumetric performance of enclosed screw conveyors[J].Powder Technology,1999,104:56-67.
[36]戴光皓等·粮食输送机械(M)·郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1991.
[37]屈少敏等·一种特殊的螺旋输送机中间支撑结构的设计(J)·郑州粮食学院学报,1999,(1):39-42.
[38]马晓录等·快速螺旋输送机螺旋体与机筒之间隙设计研究(J)·粮食加工与食品机械,2002,(3):42-44.
[39]高秀,何永荣,宋传曾等.建筑机械设计制造与应用.北京:人民交通出版社, 2001
[40]刘洪海,李红船.一套稳定土厂拌设备水泥供给在线标定系统[P].中国专利:200720031344.4,2007-3-14
[41]ZAVADSKAYA G A.Use of criteria design of experiments to optimize the operation of an auger dril conveyer[J].Journal of Mining Scienci,1981,17(2):136-139.
[42]PTC.Pro/ENGINEER User'S Guide[M].USA:PTC software,2004:95-104
[43]KHAYAT R E,HUNEAULT M A,DUQUETTE R.A boundary element analysis of planar drop deformation in the screw channel of a mixing extruder[J].Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,1998,21(1):155-168.
[44]杨立.计算机控制与仿真技术[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003,9
[45]ANSYS高级分析技术指南
[46]谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[2]刘海英,孔玉坤.水泥稳定土的材料对强度的影响[J].北方交通,2007(2):23-25
[3]郭兰英.水泥稳定土的强度与干缩裂缝的影响因素[J]路基工程,2006(2)
[4]陈升.稳定土厂拌设备的发展[J].工程机械与维修,2002,1:52-54.
[5]陈升.国产稳定土厂拌设备的现状与发展[J].建设机械技术与管理,1997,10(2):11-14.
[6]胡选儒.稳定土厂拌设备技术发展动向[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,1996,10(1):21-22.
[7]葛振胜,徐爱萍,李波.软启动技术及其应用[J].莱钢科技,2002,1:23-25
[8]阎纪存,莫淑兰.双托辊皮带秤的技术和安装调试要点[J].水泥工程,1997-3
[9]杨丽娜.配料控制器的研究与开发[D].长安大学硕士学位论文,2003.5
[10]赵治华.称重式定量包装计量技术[J].包装与食品机械,1990(1).
[11]尹杰.WBC250型稳定土厂拌设备粉料计量系统的改造[J].工程机械与维修,1999(2):60.
[12]阎纪存,莫淑兰.双托辊皮带秤的技术和安装调试要点[J].水泥工程,1997,3.
[13]单连东,谭军.WB500型稳定土厂拌设备的技术改造[J].工程机械,2002,33(3):21-22.
[14]王玉林,气力输送装置的分类及其应用,工厂建设与设计,1993,10,10-12.
[15]马永明等.电子螺旋秤在生石灰自动配料系统中的应用[J].烧结球团,2002,27(5):44-46.
[16]张贵林,郭浩,赵谆生,超声波粉体输送装置及其应用,振动、测试与诊断,2001(9),186-190.
[17]邓永贵.电子皮带秤三种标定方法[J].工程计量,1999,9(6):20-21
[18]宫跃文.机电一体化粉体精密计量装置及控制系统的研究.北京化工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[19]Metrological Regulations for Load Cells[J].OIML,1984(60).
[20]Automatic Gravimetric Filling Machines[J].OIML,1985(61).
[21]Non-automatic Weighing Instruments[J].OIML,1985(76).
[22]汪新军,于国芳.LHZS120连续式稳定土混凝土搅拌站[J].建筑机械化,2003,24(6):25-26.
[23]王玉玲,李宏玲.稳定土厂拌设备计量系统的探析[J].建设机械技术与管理,2002,15(6):32-33.
[24]谭军.稳定土厂拌设备配料计量形式及集散控制模式初探[J].辽宁交通科技,2002,25(6):72-76.
[25]姚亚妮等.稳定土厂拌设备水泥计量精度的改进和提高[J],2002(8):50-51.
[26]朱复华.螺杆设计及其理论基础[M].北京:轻工业出版社,1984.
[27]黄文景,邓小连,盛振忠.稳定土连续配料秤性能分析与探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(3):89-91.
[28]董武,王红华.影响稳定土拌和站水泥减量秤不稳定的主要因素[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2007,24(3):18-19.
[29]赵东伟.称量系统的干扰及防止措施[J].工程机械与维修,2003年,11.
[30]韩宇,谢立扬,许俊清.稳定土厂拌设备的动态标定分析[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,20(12):30-32.
[31]胡国华,李高磊,袁洪庆.从公路实践出发浅述稳定土厂拌和设备的计量校验[J].建设机械技术与管理,2006,19(4):102-104.
[32]黄文景,邓小连,盛振忠.稳定土连续配料秤性能分析与探讨[J].建设机械技术与管理,2007,20(3):89-91
[33]赵崇良等.双管螺旋秤在水泥配料中的应用[J].水泥,2003,5:46-47
[34]黄石茂.螺旋输送机输送机理及其主要参数的确定.广东造纸,1998,03。
[35]ROBERTS A W.The influence of granular vortex motion on the volumetric performance of enclosed screw conveyors[J].Powder Technology,1999,104:56-67.
[36]戴光皓等·粮食输送机械(M)·郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1991.
[37]屈少敏等·一种特殊的螺旋输送机中间支撑结构的设计(J)·郑州粮食学院学报,1999,(1):39-42.
[38]马晓录等·快速螺旋输送机螺旋体与机筒之间隙设计研究(J)·粮食加工与食品机械,2002,(3):42-44.
[39]高秀,何永荣,宋传曾等.建筑机械设计制造与应用.北京:人民交通出版社, 2001
[40]刘洪海,李红船.一套稳定土厂拌设备水泥供给在线标定系统[P].中国专利:200720031344.4,2007-3-14
[41]ZAVADSKAYA G A.Use of criteria design of experiments to optimize the operation of an auger dril conveyer[J].Journal of Mining Scienci,1981,17(2):136-139.
[42]PTC.Pro/ENGINEER User'S Guide[M].USA:PTC software,2004:95-104
[43]KHAYAT R E,HUNEAULT M A,DUQUETTE R.A boundary element analysis of planar drop deformation in the screw channel of a mixing extruder[J].Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements,1998,21(1):155-168.
[44]杨立.计算机控制与仿真技术[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003,9
[45]ANSYS高级分析技术指南
[46]谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.