压实度在线检测技术应用试验研究
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摘要
振动压路机以其良好的压实效果在公路建设中发挥着重要作用,为进一步提高压实质量和效率,克服传统压实质量检测和控制方法的不足,基于压路机与被压材料动力学特性判断压实进程的压实在线检测技术近年来得到了较大关注。国外在此技术的研究和应用处于领先地位,国内研究则主要集中于压实在线检测技术和产品开发,工程应用研究较少。压实在线检测仪压实值是对压实效果和铺层密实程度的数值反映,压路机机械参数、材料特性参数和压实工艺参数都对压实值有直接关系,要解决其工程应用问题,须对其检测值准确性、影响因素、工程应用条件和工程应用方案进行试验研究。
振动轮加速度信号包含了压实过程中多种信息,加速度信号特征的变化与铺层压实度的变化呈现出一定的关系。通过振动信号检测系统现场试验,研究了振动轮加速度信号的谐波分量成分和幅值与材料密实程度关系,同时对振动压路机“跳振”状态下的加速度信号进行了相关分析。
振动压实作业是振动压路机与被压材料相互作用的复杂过程,压路机频率、振幅、碾压速度,铺层材料类型、级配、含水量、厚度等都是影响压实效果的重要因素,施工过程中这些参数也不可避免出现波动。本文对压实在线检测仪压实值R准确性进行了验证试验,在振动压路机工作参数合理、稳定,铺层材料特性参数变异性小的状况下,分析了压实值R与现场灌砂法压实度线性相关程度,对其反映铺层材料压实状况准确性进行了相关研究。
通过试验研究,频率波动小于1%,碾压速度波动小于0.5%时,压实值R可较为准确的反映材料压实状况,同时可反映出压实过程中材料特性参数方面变化,技术人员可以根据压实值反映出的压实信息更好的控制压实进程。
通过与灌砂法压实度标定,或依据压实值增量,驾驶员可判断铺层是否完成压实作业；依据压实在线检测仪反映出的各类压实信息合理调整压路机工作参数,合理控制材料特性参数,提高压实质量和效率。
本文研究成果是多条高速公路施工现场试验的总结,现场应用试验表明压实在线检测仪可实现压实质量的快速准确检测,协助驾驶员更好的判断铺层压实状况,避免过压和欠压,根据压实值反映出的多种信息合理调整工作过程,提高压实质量与效率。
Vibratory rollers, with its good compaction effect, has played an important role in highway construction. In order to further improve the compaction quality and efficiency, overcome the disadvantages of traditional compaction quality detection and control mode, real-time compaction detection technique, which is based on interaction dynamic characteristic changes between roller and compacted material, obtained much concern in recent years. The abroad keep ahead in application research of this technology, the domestic research is mainly focused on product development, less practical application research. The compaction detection value of Real-time Compaction Detection Instrument is the numerical degree reflection of compaction effect and layer close-grained degree, roller mechanical parameters, material characteristic parameters and compaction process parameters has a direct relationship with the compaction detection value. To solve the problem of the engineering application, shall the accuracy, influence factors, application conditions and application solutions were tested.
Vibration roller acceleration signal contains various information of compaction process, there are certain relationship between acceleration signal characteristics change and layer compaction degree change. Acceleration signal characteristics also reveals the causes of jumping vibration working mechanism in certain extent
The accuracy of the compaction detection value R verifying experiments indicate that, on the circumstances of vibratory rollers work parameters reasonable and stability, layer material characteristic parameter variation little, there is a significantly linear correlation relationship between compaction detection value R and sand replacement method compaction, compaction detection value R is a true reflection of layer materials compaction condition.
Vibration compaction is a complicated interactions process between vibratory rollers and material, roller frequency, amplitude, rolling speed, layer material type, granular composition, water content, thickness and so on is the important factor affects compaction effect. These parameters construction process are also inevitable fluctuate. This paper experimental research shows that frequency wave less than 1%, rolling speed fluctuation less than 0.5%, compaction detection value can be more accurately reflects compaction condition of material and some changes in granular composition or water content. Technician can better control compaction process according to the information reflecting by compaction value.
Through calibration with sand replacement method, or according to the compaction value increment, the driver can judge the new layer is completed compaction or not; According to kinds of compaction information, through reasonable adjustment roller working parameters and reasonable control material characteristic parameters, compaction quality process control can realize.
The result of this paper is a summary of some highways construction site experiment, field application shows that using Real-time Compaction Detection Instrument can assist drivers better judgment layer compaction condition, avoid overcompaction and less compaction, improve the compaction quality and efficiency.
振动轮加速度信号包含了压实过程中多种信息,加速度信号特征的变化与铺层压实度的变化呈现出一定的关系。通过振动信号检测系统现场试验,研究了振动轮加速度信号的谐波分量成分和幅值与材料密实程度关系,同时对振动压路机“跳振”状态下的加速度信号进行了相关分析。
振动压实作业是振动压路机与被压材料相互作用的复杂过程,压路机频率、振幅、碾压速度,铺层材料类型、级配、含水量、厚度等都是影响压实效果的重要因素,施工过程中这些参数也不可避免出现波动。本文对压实在线检测仪压实值R准确性进行了验证试验,在振动压路机工作参数合理、稳定,铺层材料特性参数变异性小的状况下,分析了压实值R与现场灌砂法压实度线性相关程度,对其反映铺层材料压实状况准确性进行了相关研究。
通过试验研究,频率波动小于1%,碾压速度波动小于0.5%时,压实值R可较为准确的反映材料压实状况,同时可反映出压实过程中材料特性参数方面变化,技术人员可以根据压实值反映出的压实信息更好的控制压实进程。
通过与灌砂法压实度标定,或依据压实值增量,驾驶员可判断铺层是否完成压实作业；依据压实在线检测仪反映出的各类压实信息合理调整压路机工作参数,合理控制材料特性参数,提高压实质量和效率。
本文研究成果是多条高速公路施工现场试验的总结,现场应用试验表明压实在线检测仪可实现压实质量的快速准确检测,协助驾驶员更好的判断铺层压实状况,避免过压和欠压,根据压实值反映出的多种信息合理调整工作过程,提高压实质量与效率。
Vibratory rollers, with its good compaction effect, has played an important role in highway construction. In order to further improve the compaction quality and efficiency, overcome the disadvantages of traditional compaction quality detection and control mode, real-time compaction detection technique, which is based on interaction dynamic characteristic changes between roller and compacted material, obtained much concern in recent years. The abroad keep ahead in application research of this technology, the domestic research is mainly focused on product development, less practical application research. The compaction detection value of Real-time Compaction Detection Instrument is the numerical degree reflection of compaction effect and layer close-grained degree, roller mechanical parameters, material characteristic parameters and compaction process parameters has a direct relationship with the compaction detection value. To solve the problem of the engineering application, shall the accuracy, influence factors, application conditions and application solutions were tested.
Vibration roller acceleration signal contains various information of compaction process, there are certain relationship between acceleration signal characteristics change and layer compaction degree change. Acceleration signal characteristics also reveals the causes of jumping vibration working mechanism in certain extent
The accuracy of the compaction detection value R verifying experiments indicate that, on the circumstances of vibratory rollers work parameters reasonable and stability, layer material characteristic parameter variation little, there is a significantly linear correlation relationship between compaction detection value R and sand replacement method compaction, compaction detection value R is a true reflection of layer materials compaction condition.
Vibration compaction is a complicated interactions process between vibratory rollers and material, roller frequency, amplitude, rolling speed, layer material type, granular composition, water content, thickness and so on is the important factor affects compaction effect. These parameters construction process are also inevitable fluctuate. This paper experimental research shows that frequency wave less than 1%, rolling speed fluctuation less than 0.5%, compaction detection value can be more accurately reflects compaction condition of material and some changes in granular composition or water content. Technician can better control compaction process according to the information reflecting by compaction value.
Through calibration with sand replacement method, or according to the compaction value increment, the driver can judge the new layer is completed compaction or not; According to kinds of compaction information, through reasonable adjustment roller working parameters and reasonable control material characteristic parameters, compaction quality process control can realize.
The result of this paper is a summary of some highways construction site experiment, field application shows that using Real-time Compaction Detection Instrument can assist drivers better judgment layer compaction condition, avoid overcompaction and less compaction, improve the compaction quality and efficiency.
引文
[1]庄红韬. “我国高速公路通车里程达7.4万公里,十一五新增3.3万公里”,http://www.tianjinwe.com/rollnews/201012/t20101228_2997207.html,2010年12月28日
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[3]沈金安.高速公里沥青路面早期损坏分析与防治对策[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.12
[4]羡蓓蓓.水泥稳定碎石基层施工质量变异性研究[D].西安：长安大学硕士论文,2006.5
[5]JTJ034-2000,公路路面基层施工技术规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2000
[6]CJTJ057-2009,公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2009
[7]Geodynamik H.Therner AB,Stockholm,Ake Sandstrom, Sollentuna,Both of Sweden. European Workshop COMPACTION OF SOILS AND GRANULAR MATERIALS Paris, May 19th 2000 p.p.237-246.
[8]Forssblad, L. (1980). Compaction meter on vibrating rollers for improved compaction control, Proc. Intl Conf. on Compaction, Vol. II, Paris, p.541-546.
[9]http://www.bomag.com/china/index.aspx?&Lang=499
[10]http://www.dynapac.com/zh-cn/2/?cat=36&product=662
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[12]张奕.智能压路机控制系统设计及关键技术研究[D].西安：长安大学博士学位论文,2004.5
[13]居彩梅.车载式压实度检测仪[D].西安：长安大学硕士学位论文,2001.5
[14]张智明.压实度计及其试验研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2005.3
[15]吴梁,曹源文,宁甲琳.无线通讯技术在压实度连续检测中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,(2)：7.
[16]宁甲琳,曹源文,吴梁.压实度连续检测方法的研究[J].建筑机械化,2006.11.
[17]曹源文,宁甲琳,李富清,秦曼.ICP加速度传感器在路基压实度测量中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006.12
[18]曹源文,宁甲琳,吴梁.压实度连续检测方法的验证[J].建筑机械,2007.01
[19]宁甲琳,曹源文.一种新型压实度连续检测方法[J].重庆交通学院学报,2007.01
[20]杨士敏,傅香如.工程机械地面力学与作业理论[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2010.6
[21]Ake Sandstrom, Sollentuna, Sweden. Compaction Index [R]. United States Patent[19],1999,8.
[22]Ake J. Sandstrom, Sollentuna, Sweden. Method To Estimate The Degree Of Compaction Obtained At Compaction And Means To Measure The Degree Of Compaction For Carrying Out The Method [R]. United States Patent[19],1989,9.
[23]Forssblad, Lars:Compaction meter on vibrating rollers for improved compaction controls [J].Proceedings of International Conference on Compaction, Vol. Paris.1980.541-546
[24]闻邦椿.机械振动理论[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2008
[25]郭军卫,李军,周志立.振动压路机压实度检测及分析[J].建筑机械,2007.08(上半月刊)
[26]张润利,张俊杰,李熙山.振动压路机压实度连续检测仪[J].工程机械,2001.8
[27]李熙山,高会教,张润利,贺杰.振动压路机压实度仪的研究[J].现代仪器,2001第四期
[28]辛丽丽等.振动轮跳振现象的振动压路机系统的动力学特性分析[J].中国工程机械学报,2008.6第6卷第2期
[29]汤炳新等.振动压路机振动轮跳振时的次谐波振动现象[J].河海大学常州分校学报,2000.3
[30]管迪,陈乐生.振动压实中的次谐波振动与混沌[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2007.6
[31]李怒放.动态变形模量Evd标准的应用与展望[J].铁道标准设计,2003(6)
[32]严秋荣,邹维列,邓卫东.考虑含水量变化的路基回弹模量特性研究[J].公路交通技术,2010.10第5期
[33]郝孟辉,郝培文.土石混填路基动态回弹模量与压实度的关系[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2011.1第35卷第1期
[34]王旭东,沙爱民.水泥士动态抗压回弹模量的研究[J].公路交通科技,1997.12
[35]程箭,许志鸿,李淑明,盛晓军.水泥稳定碎石静态模量与动态模量比较[J].建筑材料学报,2009.1
[36]JTG E40 2007,公路土工试验规程[S].北京人民交通出版社,2007
[37]查旭东,张起森,段丹军.应用便携式落锤弯沉仪测定路基回弹模量[J].交通运输工程学报.2004.12第4卷第4期
[38]甘杰贤.振动压路机的运行方向和偏心块旋转方向对压实效果的影响[J].建筑机械.1992.12：P34-35
[39]JTG D50—2006,公路沥青路面设计规范[S].北京人民交通出版社,2006
[40]JTJ E42058—2005,公路工程集料试验规程[s].人民交通出版社.2005
[41]刘洪海,吴少鹏,玄东兴.沥青路面碾压离析的试验研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版).2004.12
[42]刘洪海,张建.沥青路面离析的材料和设备机理研究[J].第一届两岸三地绿色材料学术研讨会论文集.2008
[43]刘兆平,李宜锋.土基回弹模量与压实度及含水量的相关性研究[J].公路与汽运.2010.5
[44]段丹军,查旭东,张起森.应用便携式落锤弯沉仪测定路基回弹模量[J].交通运输工程学报2004.12第4卷第4期
[45]何兆益,唐伯明.级配碎石弹性模量的非线性研究[J].第四届国际道路和机场路面技术大会.2002
[2].沙庆林.高速公路沥青路面早期破坏现象及预防[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2006
[3]沈金安.高速公里沥青路面早期损坏分析与防治对策[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2004.12
[4]羡蓓蓓.水泥稳定碎石基层施工质量变异性研究[D].西安：长安大学硕士论文,2006.5
[5]JTJ034-2000,公路路面基层施工技术规范[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2000
[6]CJTJ057-2009,公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程[S].北京：人民交通出版社,2009
[7]Geodynamik H.Therner AB,Stockholm,Ake Sandstrom, Sollentuna,Both of Sweden. European Workshop COMPACTION OF SOILS AND GRANULAR MATERIALS Paris, May 19th 2000 p.p.237-246.
[8]Forssblad, L. (1980). Compaction meter on vibrating rollers for improved compaction control, Proc. Intl Conf. on Compaction, Vol. II, Paris, p.541-546.
[9]http://www.bomag.com/china/index.aspx?&Lang=499
[10]http://www.dynapac.com/zh-cn/2/?cat=36&product=662
[11]何建和.振动压路机动力学特性及新型密实度仪研究开发[D].福州：福州大学硕士学位论文,2003.12
[12]张奕.智能压路机控制系统设计及关键技术研究[D].西安：长安大学博士学位论文,2004.5
[13]居彩梅.车载式压实度检测仪[D].西安：长安大学硕士学位论文,2001.5
[14]张智明.压实度计及其试验研究[D].长安大学硕士论文,2005.3
[15]吴梁,曹源文,宁甲琳.无线通讯技术在压实度连续检测中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006,(2)：7.
[16]宁甲琳,曹源文,吴梁.压实度连续检测方法的研究[J].建筑机械化,2006.11.
[17]曹源文,宁甲琳,李富清,秦曼.ICP加速度传感器在路基压实度测量中的应用[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2006.12
[18]曹源文,宁甲琳,吴梁.压实度连续检测方法的验证[J].建筑机械,2007.01
[19]宁甲琳,曹源文.一种新型压实度连续检测方法[J].重庆交通学院学报,2007.01
[20]杨士敏,傅香如.工程机械地面力学与作业理论[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2010.6
[21]Ake Sandstrom, Sollentuna, Sweden. Compaction Index [R]. United States Patent[19],1999,8.
[22]Ake J. Sandstrom, Sollentuna, Sweden. Method To Estimate The Degree Of Compaction Obtained At Compaction And Means To Measure The Degree Of Compaction For Carrying Out The Method [R]. United States Patent[19],1989,9.
[23]Forssblad, Lars:Compaction meter on vibrating rollers for improved compaction controls [J].Proceedings of International Conference on Compaction, Vol. Paris.1980.541-546
[24]闻邦椿.机械振动理论[M].北京：冶金工业出版社,2008
[25]郭军卫,李军,周志立.振动压路机压实度检测及分析[J].建筑机械,2007.08(上半月刊)
[26]张润利,张俊杰,李熙山.振动压路机压实度连续检测仪[J].工程机械,2001.8
[27]李熙山,高会教,张润利,贺杰.振动压路机压实度仪的研究[J].现代仪器,2001第四期
[28]辛丽丽等.振动轮跳振现象的振动压路机系统的动力学特性分析[J].中国工程机械学报,2008.6第6卷第2期
[29]汤炳新等.振动压路机振动轮跳振时的次谐波振动现象[J].河海大学常州分校学报,2000.3
[30]管迪,陈乐生.振动压实中的次谐波振动与混沌[J].筑路机械与施工机械化,2007.6
[31]李怒放.动态变形模量Evd标准的应用与展望[J].铁道标准设计,2003(6)
[32]严秋荣,邹维列,邓卫东.考虑含水量变化的路基回弹模量特性研究[J].公路交通技术,2010.10第5期
[33]郝孟辉,郝培文.土石混填路基动态回弹模量与压实度的关系[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2011.1第35卷第1期
[34]王旭东,沙爱民.水泥士动态抗压回弹模量的研究[J].公路交通科技,1997.12
[35]程箭,许志鸿,李淑明,盛晓军.水泥稳定碎石静态模量与动态模量比较[J].建筑材料学报,2009.1
[36]JTG E40 2007,公路土工试验规程[S].北京人民交通出版社,2007
[37]查旭东,张起森,段丹军.应用便携式落锤弯沉仪测定路基回弹模量[J].交通运输工程学报.2004.12第4卷第4期
[38]甘杰贤.振动压路机的运行方向和偏心块旋转方向对压实效果的影响[J].建筑机械.1992.12：P34-35
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