嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关的研究与实现
摘要
随着计算机控制技术及网络技术的发展,人们对工业现场总线与Ethernet的整合提出了新的要求,希望通过现有的技术使工业管理深入到现场总线。控制器局域网Controller Area Network(CAN)作为一种工业现场总线,能有效支持分布式控制和实时控制,具有高性能和高可靠性的特点,现已在各种控制系统中被广泛的使用。
课题来源于“矿井安全生产数字化控制平台”项目,采用CAN总线+Ethernet的网络架构。由于该系统存在两种异构网络设备的接入和相互通信问题,且CAN总线自身也存在不适合长距离通信和多个网络的互连等局限。因此,本文设计了一种新型的以ARM7处理器为核心的高性能嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关,用来实现控制系统中监控层和设备层设备间的稳固、简洁的互连通信,完成对大规模现场设备的实时监控。
本文通过对CAN总线和Ethernet这两种异构网络技术的分析,进行了网络互联和通信的可行性研究;针对嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关需要实现的功能,提出了软硬件设计思想、协议转换模型;阐述网关软件的总体框架,给出硬件的具体实现方案;并对μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统进行了裁剪,完成其在LPC2194微处理器上的移植及任务设计;制定了CAN总线和以太网的编址方案,设计并实现了嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈和具体协议转换方案。最后,文章利用排队论相关技术对实际的嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关系统建立了数学模型,并进行分析、检验其性能。结果表明该网关系统实现了CAN与Ethernet高效无缝的互连,且运行稳定可靠。
With the development of computer control, as well as Ethernet technology, new demands have been made at the scene of industrial integration with the Ethernet, and desire using existing technology to make industrial management penetrate into the fieldbus. Controller Area Network (CAN) as a kind of industrial fieldbus networks can effectively support the distributed control and the real-time control. It has high performance and redundant reliable, and has been widely used at various control systems.
This thesis is motivated by the project "Mine Safety Production Figures Control Platform". The architecture of the system is based on CAN bus & Industrial Ethernet network, so that the problems of two heterogeneous network equipments multiple access and communication need to be resolved. Furthermore, CAN bus is not suitable for long-distance communication and large number of network interconnection. So we design a new high-performance embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway based on the ARM7 processor core to obtain a simple and steady connection between monitor-layer and equipment-layer in a control system.
Based on the analysis of the CAN bus and the Ethernet technology, a networking and communication feasibility study is made on. According to the functions of the embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway system, we have established the gateway framework, protocol conversion model, hardware and software scheme. In addition,μC/OS-II, embedded TCP/IP protocol stacks are tailored and transplanted onto the LPC2194.μC/OS- II tasks, CAN-Ethernet protocol conversion and communication programme are also developed. At last, using the queuing theory to obtain a performance analysis, the report proves the embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway achieves an efficient and reliably interconnection between CAN and Ethernet.
课题来源于“矿井安全生产数字化控制平台”项目,采用CAN总线+Ethernet的网络架构。由于该系统存在两种异构网络设备的接入和相互通信问题,且CAN总线自身也存在不适合长距离通信和多个网络的互连等局限。因此,本文设计了一种新型的以ARM7处理器为核心的高性能嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关,用来实现控制系统中监控层和设备层设备间的稳固、简洁的互连通信,完成对大规模现场设备的实时监控。
本文通过对CAN总线和Ethernet这两种异构网络技术的分析,进行了网络互联和通信的可行性研究;针对嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关需要实现的功能,提出了软硬件设计思想、协议转换模型;阐述网关软件的总体框架,给出硬件的具体实现方案;并对μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统进行了裁剪,完成其在LPC2194微处理器上的移植及任务设计;制定了CAN总线和以太网的编址方案,设计并实现了嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈和具体协议转换方案。最后,文章利用排队论相关技术对实际的嵌入式CAN-Ethernet网关系统建立了数学模型,并进行分析、检验其性能。结果表明该网关系统实现了CAN与Ethernet高效无缝的互连,且运行稳定可靠。
With the development of computer control, as well as Ethernet technology, new demands have been made at the scene of industrial integration with the Ethernet, and desire using existing technology to make industrial management penetrate into the fieldbus. Controller Area Network (CAN) as a kind of industrial fieldbus networks can effectively support the distributed control and the real-time control. It has high performance and redundant reliable, and has been widely used at various control systems.
This thesis is motivated by the project "Mine Safety Production Figures Control Platform". The architecture of the system is based on CAN bus & Industrial Ethernet network, so that the problems of two heterogeneous network equipments multiple access and communication need to be resolved. Furthermore, CAN bus is not suitable for long-distance communication and large number of network interconnection. So we design a new high-performance embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway based on the ARM7 processor core to obtain a simple and steady connection between monitor-layer and equipment-layer in a control system.
Based on the analysis of the CAN bus and the Ethernet technology, a networking and communication feasibility study is made on. According to the functions of the embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway system, we have established the gateway framework, protocol conversion model, hardware and software scheme. In addition,μC/OS-II, embedded TCP/IP protocol stacks are tailored and transplanted onto the LPC2194.μC/OS- II tasks, CAN-Ethernet protocol conversion and communication programme are also developed. At last, using the queuing theory to obtain a performance analysis, the report proves the embedded CAN-Ethernet gateway achieves an efficient and reliably interconnection between CAN and Ethernet.
引文
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