中国QDII现状分析及发展机制研究
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摘要
QDII(Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor,合格境内机构投资者)制度由香港政府部门最早提出,与CDR(China Depository Share,中国预托证券)、QFII(Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor,合格境外机构投资者)一样,是在外汇管制下内地资本市场对外开放的权宜之计。使国内投资者在资本账户项目未完全开放的情况下往海外资本市场进行投资。近年来我国经济发展加快,国际收支平衡持续出现顺差,导致外汇储备积累额增长加速。在这一背景下QDII制度顺利出台,其直接目的是为了进一步开放资本账户,以创造更多外汇需求,使人民币汇率更加平衡、更加市场化,并鼓励国内更多企业走出国门,从而减少贸易顺差和资本项目盈余。其直接表现为让国内投资者直接参与国外的市场,并获取全球市场收益。
     经过一年半的洗礼,QDII机制在一定程度上反映出了其重要的作用,同时也出现了一些问题。本文将对这些问题展开进一步的分析。它给我国及个人投资者到底带来什么样的收益和风险,以及它对国内证券市场的影响是本文研究的重点。本文的研究范围主要包括:①解释QDII制度的内涵,并阐述QDII制度出现的背景和实旋的重要性。最后概括QDII的发展历程。②从QDII的核准和销售情况来分析QDII目前的情况。③我国实行QDII的积极意义和风险。从理论和实证角度分析QDII推行后,给我国资本市场乃至全国经济带来的积极和消极作用。④运用实证手段具体分析QDII对我国资本市场的影响。⑤在上述分析的基础上,提出一些建议。
     本文综合运用了多种研究方法,以便获得科学、准确的研究结论。主要采用理论分析与实证分析相结合,定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法。实证部分主要是基于QDII推出前后的沪深300指数与恒生指数、国企指数、红筹指数等等数据,运用统计分析得出国内市场与香港市场相关系数的变化,进而得出QDII的确加强了我国国内市场与香港市场的相关性的结论。可见QDII在一定程度上实现了国内投资者投资海外的愿望和资金分流的目标。
     当然,只走过一年半时间的QDII相对来说还是一个新事物。必须承认,在这个时间评定QDII是好是坏也许还为时过早,一切都还未尘埃落定。本文也只是针对QDII这一个阶段上的表现发表自己的看法。这一制度还有待进一步的讨论。
The QDII(Qualified Domestic Institutional Investor) was firstly proposed by the Hong Kong government departments, just like the CDR (China Depository Share), QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional -Investor), which can help the domestic investors invest in overseas capital markets.
     China's economic development accelerated in recent years, the international balance of payments surplus continued, resulting in the accelerated growth of foreign exchange reserve accumulation. In this context, the QDII appears. The direct purpose is to further open the capital account, in order to create more demand for foreign exchange, balance and market-oriented the RMB exchange rate, and encourages more domestic enterprises to go abroad, so as to reduce trade surplus and the capital account surplus. In short, the QDII make domestic investors to participate directly in foreign markets, and share the global market gains.
     So far, it has gone through more than a year and seven months. QDII reflected its important role, but there were also some problems. This paper will have these issues further analyzed. It gives China's securities market and even the entire consumer market what kind of benefits and risks in the end and whether it have played a role in triaging funds are the focus of this paper. In this paper, the scope of the study include: Explain the connotation of QDII system, and presents the background of QDII system and the importance of QDII; Analyze the current situation from QDII approval and sales of QDII; The positive significance and risks of QDII, both in theoretical and empirical ways; Use specific means to find out the empirical meaning of QDII on China's capital market; Forward some suggestions on the basis of the above analysis.
     In this paper, I used a variety of research methods in order to obtain scientific and accurate conclusion of the study. Such as the empirical part, is mainly based on the changes of some index data including the data before the launch of QDII and after. Then, use the statistical analysis system to figure out the changes of correlation coefficient between the domestic market and the Hong Kong market. The result is that QDII indeed strengthen China's domestic market and Hong Kong's market's relevance. In a certain extent, QDII achieved the funds diversion goals and satisfied domestic investors' desire of investing abroad.
     Of course, QDII is a new thing relatively. We must admit that to judge that QDII is good or bad for our country may be too premature now, because all have not yet settled. This article is only for the performance of my own views on this stage of QDII. This system needs to be further discussed.
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