嵌入式证券软件中的关键技术研究与实现
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摘要
证券分析系统是一种实时分析系统,不仅需要为客户提供即时的成交信息,同时也需要为用户提供一定量的历史数据分析。本文在阐述必要的证券知识和相应的开发调试环境基础之上,介绍了由本人设计并参与开发的一套数字电视机顶盒上运行的嵌入式实时证券分析系统,并着重讨论了在嵌入式环境下,终端资源制约和证券实时、大数据量等特性之间突出矛盾解决的关键技术。
系统可大致划分为前端播发、数据传输、终端接收和分析呈现三大块。
股票播发前端从数据接收卡即时写入的数据库中提取实时证券交易信息,按照不同的数据要求分别转换成即时成交数据、分时数据、分笔数据、历史数据等股票数据,可以采用多种数据处理和发送策略这些信息打包成传输流后通过有线电视网络向终端用户播发出去。
在股票数据传输过程中,证券业务作为数据广播业务的一项子服务,在运动图像专家组标准-2程序特殊信息中有服务描述,而程序特殊信息又包括程序关联表、程序映射表、条件访问表等语法结构。股票数据的主体是按照数字电视广播私有分段来传输的。
终端数字电视机顶盒在PSI信息中查找股票服务的相应描述后,根据这些描述信息在接收到的大量数据包中分离出股票数据并加以呈现。如果对原始股票数据直接进行接收并呈现。
因受终端资源的限制,简单的数据接收、分析、呈现并不能使证券终端正常运作,需要终端和前端相互配合,针对不同数据和不同终端性能要求使用不同的数据发送策略、数据接收策略,以及终端的特定环境下的内存管理策略、显示呈现策略等一系列方法使终端程序能够以最小的资源消耗为用户提供最大化的直观性能满意的使用效果。当然还需要在系统设计过程中,针对股票数据特性采用特定的数据压缩方式,达到数据量的最小化。
Stock analysis system is a kind of real-time service, which presents both the real-time exchange information and historic data analysis. After the introduction of basic stock knowledge and program developing environment, a design of stock analysis software running in embedded system is put forward in this paper, and the crucial techniques solving the conflicts between set top box resource’s limit and stock service high demanding are described in details.
The whole stock analysis service is divided into three parts: front data broadcasting server, data transmitting block, terminal data receiving and presentation module.
After extracting real-time exchange data from DBF (Data Base Found), the front broadcast server, according to different data demands, transforms real-time data into various data. And then following job are packing various data into transmit stream, sending data to terminal through cable TV network.
As one of child services in data broadcast, stock service has its description in MPEG-2 (Moving Picture Expert Group) PSI (Program Special Information), which contains PAT (Program Association Table), PMT (Program Map Table), CAT (Conditional Access Table) etc. And the mainly parts of stock data transmit through DVB (Digital Video Broadcast) private sections packages.
If STB (Set Top Box) terminal main task finds out the stock service description in PSI information, it can extract the exact stock data from all of received data found according this service description, and presents data as demand.
Because hardware resource is relatively scarce, it is hard to ensure stock service running properly without any data reducing and receiving strategies. The satisfying stock function needs the cooperation between data broadcasting server and termination. In this design, the adaptable data sending and receiving tactic, special memory managing skills and peculiar stock data compression help the stock software working better and much efficient.
系统可大致划分为前端播发、数据传输、终端接收和分析呈现三大块。
股票播发前端从数据接收卡即时写入的数据库中提取实时证券交易信息,按照不同的数据要求分别转换成即时成交数据、分时数据、分笔数据、历史数据等股票数据,可以采用多种数据处理和发送策略这些信息打包成传输流后通过有线电视网络向终端用户播发出去。
在股票数据传输过程中,证券业务作为数据广播业务的一项子服务,在运动图像专家组标准-2程序特殊信息中有服务描述,而程序特殊信息又包括程序关联表、程序映射表、条件访问表等语法结构。股票数据的主体是按照数字电视广播私有分段来传输的。
终端数字电视机顶盒在PSI信息中查找股票服务的相应描述后,根据这些描述信息在接收到的大量数据包中分离出股票数据并加以呈现。如果对原始股票数据直接进行接收并呈现。
因受终端资源的限制,简单的数据接收、分析、呈现并不能使证券终端正常运作,需要终端和前端相互配合,针对不同数据和不同终端性能要求使用不同的数据发送策略、数据接收策略,以及终端的特定环境下的内存管理策略、显示呈现策略等一系列方法使终端程序能够以最小的资源消耗为用户提供最大化的直观性能满意的使用效果。当然还需要在系统设计过程中,针对股票数据特性采用特定的数据压缩方式,达到数据量的最小化。
Stock analysis system is a kind of real-time service, which presents both the real-time exchange information and historic data analysis. After the introduction of basic stock knowledge and program developing environment, a design of stock analysis software running in embedded system is put forward in this paper, and the crucial techniques solving the conflicts between set top box resource’s limit and stock service high demanding are described in details.
The whole stock analysis service is divided into three parts: front data broadcasting server, data transmitting block, terminal data receiving and presentation module.
After extracting real-time exchange data from DBF (Data Base Found), the front broadcast server, according to different data demands, transforms real-time data into various data. And then following job are packing various data into transmit stream, sending data to terminal through cable TV network.
As one of child services in data broadcast, stock service has its description in MPEG-2 (Moving Picture Expert Group) PSI (Program Special Information), which contains PAT (Program Association Table), PMT (Program Map Table), CAT (Conditional Access Table) etc. And the mainly parts of stock data transmit through DVB (Digital Video Broadcast) private sections packages.
If STB (Set Top Box) terminal main task finds out the stock service description in PSI information, it can extract the exact stock data from all of received data found according this service description, and presents data as demand.
Because hardware resource is relatively scarce, it is hard to ensure stock service running properly without any data reducing and receiving strategies. The satisfying stock function needs the cooperation between data broadcasting server and termination. In this design, the adaptable data sending and receiving tactic, special memory managing skills and peculiar stock data compression help the stock software working better and much efficient.
引文
[1] 陈林. DVB 系统现状与双向电视动向. 有线电视技术,2002,15:1～5
[2] 曹利齐. DVB-C 技术及应用前景探讨. 电视技术,2000,215:1～3
[3] 何宗就. 坚持科技创新,全面推进科技化进程. 现代电视技术,2001,9:5
[4] 张高,王嘉,余松煜. 中间件技术在机顶盒软件实现中的应用. 计算机仿真,2000,6:16～19
[5] 钟玉琢,王琪,赵黎等. MPEG-2 运动图像压缩编码国际标准及 MPEG 的新进展. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002:9～45
[6] Paul W.Lyons,Grand Alliance Prototype Transport Stream Encoder Design and Implementation.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,Aug 1995, 41,3:20~122
[7] 尹日,陈惠明,张学凡. DVB-C 系统的计算机模拟与实验研究. 上海大学学报,2002:6:1～6
[8] 米新江. 证券统计分析软件中的技术指标比较-通用性和局限性. 中国统计. 2002,7:35～36
[9] 先幼果. 论股票市场的投资分析. 社会科学研究. 1996,6:136～139
[10] 冯彬,王铁山. 证券投资概论. 北京:中国金融出版社. 1996:189～245
[11] 三石. 如何看开盘价. 投资北京,1994,7:18～19
[12] 林康史(日). 技术分析精神. 沈阳:东北财经大学出版社. 1999:18～50
[13] 孙杰,时玉同,张连甫. 证券技术分析. 天津:天津社会科学出版社. 2000:59～147
[14] Steven B,Achelis .Technical Analysis, From A to Z.McGraw-Hill. 2001
[15] 宋立柱. 股市成交量及相关指标的指标体制分析. 内蒙古财经学院学报. 1995,4:93～95
[16] 施红俊,陈伟忠,刘元海. 中国股市早尾盘操纵的实证分析. 金融教学与研究. 2004,2:27～30
[17] 汪勇. 图解证券软件分析. 上海:上海交通大学出版社.1999,70～261
[18] 李佑军. 嵌入式系统综述. 现代电子技术. 2003,6:90～91
[19] 屠立德,屠祁. 操作系统基础. 北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[20] 黄孝建. 交互电视与多媒体宽带接入. 北京:人民邮电出版社,1999
[21] 余兆明. 数字电视和高清晰度电视. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 1997
[22] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. OpEN User's Guide. March,1999
[23] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Programmer’s Reference. MIPS Processors, April,1999
[24] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. Point-to-Point Protocol Driver User's Guide Release 3.0.December,1998
[25] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. Posix Support Package User’s Guide. December,1998
[26] Integrated Systems. pRISM+ User's Guide,pRISM+ Version 2.0 for MIPS. May,1999
[27] Integrated Systems. pROBE+ User’s Guide. MIPS Processors,April,1999
[28] 叶建平,张慧. 基于 B/S 三层结构的证券实时行情系统.计算机工程与设计. 2004,8:1344～1348
[29] TR 101 202 V1.1.1 Technical Report , Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). Implementation guidelines for Data Broadcasting,1999,02
[30] ETSI TR 101 211 V1.4.1 Technical Report. Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) . Guidelines on implementation and usage of Service Information (SI), 2000,07
[31] 蔡宁宁,刘卫忠,李泉等. 数据广播中的信息业务整合. 中国有线电视. 2004,21:17～19
[32] 李勤. 再谈多媒体数据压缩技术. 青海科技. 1994,11:30～32
[33] Jane A. Storen,Martin Cohn et al. Data Compress Conference. Los Alanitos. California:IEEE Computer Society Press. March 1999:39～31
[34] 杨雄,李凌. 数据压缩技术及其常用算法. 软件世界. 1996,9:30～32
[35] 何业军,陈永泰. 数据编码与压缩技术. 电信快报. 2001,6:37～40
[36] Reiner Dumke , Claus Rautenstrauch, Aneleas Schmietandorf, Andre’Scholz. Performance Engineering -State of Art and Current Trends. Springer – Verlag Berlin Heideberg 2001:20～29.
[37] 曾非一,桑楠,熊光泽. 嵌入式系统内存管理方案研究. 业界论坛. 2005,1:5～7
[38] 杨子华,杨泽凡. 不依赖树结构的规范哈夫曼吗压缩算法. 现代计算机.总第205 期::95～97
[39] Alexander Chatzigeorgiou. Mathmatical Assessment of Object-Oriented Design Quality. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer. Vol 29,No 11. Nov 2003. pp27
[40] 弓惠生. 模块内聚性的度量方法. 计算机研究与发展. 1997,34(8):571～572
[41] Charles Petzold. Programming Windows 程式开发设计指南. 北京:清华大学出版社. 2000:650～780
[42] David A. Rusling. Linux Programming White Papers. 北京:机械工业出版社. 2000,15～28
[43] 刘伟,刘光斌. 基于多缓冲区多线程的视频图像传输方法. 计算机工程与应用. 2001,11:99～101
[44] Hai bingxu , Sol M. Shatz. A Framework for Model-Based Desing of Agent-Oriented Software. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer,vol 29,No 1. Jan 2003:15～30
[45] 邢波,董玮文,杨宇航. 视频点播服务器的动态缓存管理. 计算机应用与软件, 2004,1:69～71
[46] Martina,Marre’ and Antonia Bertolino. Usng Spaning Sets for Coverage Testing. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer,vol 29,No 1. Jan 2003:974～984.
[2] 曹利齐. DVB-C 技术及应用前景探讨. 电视技术,2000,215:1～3
[3] 何宗就. 坚持科技创新,全面推进科技化进程. 现代电视技术,2001,9:5
[4] 张高,王嘉,余松煜. 中间件技术在机顶盒软件实现中的应用. 计算机仿真,2000,6:16～19
[5] 钟玉琢,王琪,赵黎等. MPEG-2 运动图像压缩编码国际标准及 MPEG 的新进展. 北京:清华大学出版社,2002:9～45
[6] Paul W.Lyons,Grand Alliance Prototype Transport Stream Encoder Design and Implementation.IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics,Aug 1995, 41,3:20~122
[7] 尹日,陈惠明,张学凡. DVB-C 系统的计算机模拟与实验研究. 上海大学学报,2002:6:1～6
[8] 米新江. 证券统计分析软件中的技术指标比较-通用性和局限性. 中国统计. 2002,7:35～36
[9] 先幼果. 论股票市场的投资分析. 社会科学研究. 1996,6:136～139
[10] 冯彬,王铁山. 证券投资概论. 北京:中国金融出版社. 1996:189～245
[11] 三石. 如何看开盘价. 投资北京,1994,7:18～19
[12] 林康史(日). 技术分析精神. 沈阳:东北财经大学出版社. 1999:18～50
[13] 孙杰,时玉同,张连甫. 证券技术分析. 天津:天津社会科学出版社. 2000:59～147
[14] Steven B,Achelis .Technical Analysis, From A to Z.McGraw-Hill. 2001
[15] 宋立柱. 股市成交量及相关指标的指标体制分析. 内蒙古财经学院学报. 1995,4:93～95
[16] 施红俊,陈伟忠,刘元海. 中国股市早尾盘操纵的实证分析. 金融教学与研究. 2004,2:27～30
[17] 汪勇. 图解证券软件分析. 上海:上海交通大学出版社.1999,70～261
[18] 李佑军. 嵌入式系统综述. 现代电子技术. 2003,6:90～91
[19] 屠立德,屠祁. 操作系统基础. 北京:清华大学出版社,1995
[20] 黄孝建. 交互电视与多媒体宽带接入. 北京:人民邮电出版社,1999
[21] 余兆明. 数字电视和高清晰度电视. 北京:人民邮电出版社, 1997
[22] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. OpEN User's Guide. March,1999
[23] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Programmer’s Reference. MIPS Processors, April,1999
[24] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. Point-to-Point Protocol Driver User's Guide Release 3.0.December,1998
[25] Integrated Systems. pSOSystem Product Family. Posix Support Package User’s Guide. December,1998
[26] Integrated Systems. pRISM+ User's Guide,pRISM+ Version 2.0 for MIPS. May,1999
[27] Integrated Systems. pROBE+ User’s Guide. MIPS Processors,April,1999
[28] 叶建平,张慧. 基于 B/S 三层结构的证券实时行情系统.计算机工程与设计. 2004,8:1344～1348
[29] TR 101 202 V1.1.1 Technical Report , Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). Implementation guidelines for Data Broadcasting,1999,02
[30] ETSI TR 101 211 V1.4.1 Technical Report. Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) . Guidelines on implementation and usage of Service Information (SI), 2000,07
[31] 蔡宁宁,刘卫忠,李泉等. 数据广播中的信息业务整合. 中国有线电视. 2004,21:17～19
[32] 李勤. 再谈多媒体数据压缩技术. 青海科技. 1994,11:30～32
[33] Jane A. Storen,Martin Cohn et al. Data Compress Conference. Los Alanitos. California:IEEE Computer Society Press. March 1999:39～31
[34] 杨雄,李凌. 数据压缩技术及其常用算法. 软件世界. 1996,9:30～32
[35] 何业军,陈永泰. 数据编码与压缩技术. 电信快报. 2001,6:37～40
[36] Reiner Dumke , Claus Rautenstrauch, Aneleas Schmietandorf, Andre’Scholz. Performance Engineering -State of Art and Current Trends. Springer – Verlag Berlin Heideberg 2001:20～29.
[37] 曾非一,桑楠,熊光泽. 嵌入式系统内存管理方案研究. 业界论坛. 2005,1:5～7
[38] 杨子华,杨泽凡. 不依赖树结构的规范哈夫曼吗压缩算法. 现代计算机.总第205 期::95～97
[39] Alexander Chatzigeorgiou. Mathmatical Assessment of Object-Oriented Design Quality. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer. Vol 29,No 11. Nov 2003. pp27
[40] 弓惠生. 模块内聚性的度量方法. 计算机研究与发展. 1997,34(8):571～572
[41] Charles Petzold. Programming Windows 程式开发设计指南. 北京:清华大学出版社. 2000:650～780
[42] David A. Rusling. Linux Programming White Papers. 北京:机械工业出版社. 2000,15～28
[43] 刘伟,刘光斌. 基于多缓冲区多线程的视频图像传输方法. 计算机工程与应用. 2001,11:99～101
[44] Hai bingxu , Sol M. Shatz. A Framework for Model-Based Desing of Agent-Oriented Software. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer,vol 29,No 1. Jan 2003:15～30
[45] 邢波,董玮文,杨宇航. 视频点播服务器的动态缓存管理. 计算机应用与软件, 2004,1:69～71
[46] Martina,Marre’ and Antonia Bertolino. Usng Spaning Sets for Coverage Testing. IEEE Trans. Software Engineer,vol 29,No 1. Jan 2003:974～984.