混合动力电动汽车驱动系统控制策略研究
|
摘要
本文首先分析了混合动力电动汽车的混合驱动结构和类型，并对各种驱动类型的特点和适用条件作了总结。接着对混合动力电动汽车的分类方法进行了理论研究，该方法将作为混合领域技术的评估工具将指导混和动力车辆的研究与开发。然后，对于混合驱动系统的能量管理进行了综述。针对串联、并联以及涡联三种驱动方式的控制策略进行了研究。对串联驱动方式，提出了以燃油消耗最小为目标的控制策略；针对并联能源混合的问题，提出了一种不依赖于任何驱动行驶循环的能源混合比例方法；针对混联驱动方式，提出了一种整车功率损失最小控制策略，该策略的唯一准则是在当前工作点下总功率的损失最小，因此在较广的驱动行驶范围内其燃油经济性内都是可以被保障的，且该策略可以运用到任何形式的混合动力车辆上。
Firstly, this paper gives an analysis on the types and hybrid configurations of hybrid electric vehicle, and summarizes the characters of all the driving types and their working conditions. Secondly, having a theoretic research on the classification of hybrid electric vehicle which could conduct the continuing research and exploitation of HEV as a tool of evaluation in the field of hybridization. Then gives an overview on hybrid drive train power management strategies. Lastly, the paper gives three kinds of control strategy researches for series, parallel and combined hybrid electric vehicles. For series HEV the paper gives a control strategy aiming at achieving the lowest fuel consumption. For parallel HEV, gives a method to find the hybridization rate which is not dependent of any driving cycles. For combined HEV, the paper gives an efficiency loss minimization strategy, the sole criterion is the efficiency loss at the current operating point, thus economic fuel consumption could be guaranteed for a wide v
ariety of driving tasks and this strategy could apply into any kinds of HEV.
Firstly, this paper gives an analysis on the types and hybrid configurations of hybrid electric vehicle, and summarizes the characters of all the driving types and their working conditions. Secondly, having a theoretic research on the classification of hybrid electric vehicle which could conduct the continuing research and exploitation of HEV as a tool of evaluation in the field of hybridization. Then gives an overview on hybrid drive train power management strategies. Lastly, the paper gives three kinds of control strategy researches for series, parallel and combined hybrid electric vehicles. For series HEV the paper gives a control strategy aiming at achieving the lowest fuel consumption. For parallel HEV, gives a method to find the hybridization rate which is not dependent of any driving cycles. For combined HEV, the paper gives an efficiency loss minimization strategy, the sole criterion is the efficiency loss at the current operating point, thus economic fuel consumption could be guaranteed for a wide v
ariety of driving tasks and this strategy could apply into any kinds of HEV.
引文
[1] 万沛霖“电动汽车的关键技术”北京理工大学出版社，1998．12
[2] 孙逢春“电动汽车”北京理工大学出版社，1997．6
[3] 李槟、陈全世“混合动力电动汽车中电池的研究”汽车技术1999．10
[4] 陈全世“电动汽车用铅酸电池的放电特性研究”汽车技术1996．8
[5] 宋慧“电动汽车的现状与发展”汽车电器2000-1
[6] 李槟、陈全世“开展混合动力电动汽车的研究刻不容缓”汽车技术1999．5
[7] 宋慧“复合动力电动汽车的驱动模式和控制策略”世界汽车2000．7
[8] 于秀敏、宋占伟“混合动力车的应用与发展前景”汽车杂志1999．4
[9] 王冬、田光余、陈全世“混合动力电动汽车动力系统选型策略分析”汽车工业研究2001．2
[10] 白木、周艳琼“世界电动车发展现状”世界汽车2001．3
[11] 刘剑雄、管前新“当前世界电动汽车发展概况”汽车技术1997．5
[12] 商国华“日本对EV和HEV用高性能电池的研究”世界汽车2000．9
[13] 梁龙“混合动力电动汽车驱动系统的开发与应用”汽车工程2001．2
[14] 朱元、韩晓东“串联式混合动力电动汽车发动机转速新型PID控制”汽车工程2001．2
[15] 余志生“汽车理论 第三版”机械工业出版社2000．10
[16] 王望予“汽车设计 第三版”吉林工业大学
[17] 刘惟信“机械最优化设计”清华大学出版社1994．9
[18] 李庆扬、王能超、易大义“数值分析”华中理工大学出版社1982．7
[19] Buntin,D,1994,"control System Design for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle";M.S.thesis,Texas A&M University, College Station,TX.
[20] Jalil,N,Kheir,N,A,and Salman,M,1997,"A Rule-based Energy Management Strategy for a Serial Hybrid Vehicle,"Proceedings of the American Control Conference,pp.889-893.
[21] Brahama, A,Glenn,B,Guezennec,b,Miller,T,Rizzoni,G,and Washigton,G,1999,"Modeling,Performance Analysis and Control Design of a Hybrid Sport-Utility Vehicle,"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Control Applications,pp.448-453
[22] Lee,H,D,Koo,E,S,Kim,S.-K,and Kim,J,S,1998,"Torque Control Strategy for a Parallel-Hybrid Vehicle Using Fuzzy Logic,"33rd IEEE Industrial Applications Society Annual Cconference,pp.1715-1720.
[23] Farralll.S.D.and Jones,R.P,1993,"Energy Managemenet in an automotive electric/heat
engine hybrid powtrain using fuzzy decision making ;"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Intelligent Control ,pp 463-486．
[24] Available at http://www.insightcentral.net
[25] Steinmaurer-G, del Re-L, "Optimal control of dual power sources ", published at the Conference on Control Applications, CCA 2001,Mexico, September 5-7,2001
[26] L.del Re and G.Steinmaurer, "Computation of Minimum Achievable Fuel Consumption for Serial Hybrids" SAE 1999-01-2945
[27] MATLAB Optimization Toolbox
[28] H.Ishitani, Y.Baba, and R.Matsuhashi "Evaluation of Energy efficiency of a Commercial HEV, Prius, at City driving" EVSI6 1999
[29] L. De Andreis, G. Pede "Experiences on control of Internal Combustion Engines of Series Hybrid Electrical Vehicles" EVS16 1999
[30] J.Seiler, D.Schr der "Hybrid vehicle Operating Strategies" EVS16 1999
[31] Sylvia Marquez "Development of a Battery-Electric/Hybrid Bus for Clean Driving in the 21 st Century" EVS16 1999
[32] Gino PAGANELLI "Conception and Control of Parallel Hybrid Car Powertrain" EVS15 1998
[33] M. Mazzucchelli, A. Pini Prato "HYBRID BUS POWER FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM"EVS15 1998
[34] Prof. Dr. Peter-Klaus Budig "Design of the Propulsion System of a Hybrid Car under Considerationof the Optimum Voltage" EVS15 1998
[35] Takeshi Aso, Masato Fukino, Toshio Kikuchi and Eiji Inada "Simulation Study of Third-Generation Series Hybrid System" EVS15 1998
[36] H.Ishitani, Y.Baba, A.Molyneaux, D.Favrat "An optimization tool of Hybrid type EV systems" EVS15 1998
[37] Shun HiramatsuYoshiyuki NakayamaYoshiaki Kikuchi "Development of the Battery ECU for the Toyota Hybrid System" EVS15 1998
[38] Jim McDowell "Bridging Expectations to Hybrid Bus Operation"EVS15 1998
[39] J. Van Mierlo, "Simulation of a complex parallel-series hybrid drive train" EVS16 1999
[40] B Jeanneret R Trigui F Badin F Harel "New Hybrid concept simulation tools,evaluation on the Toyota Prius car" EVS 16 1999
[41] Morten Hemmingsson "Minimization of Energy Losses in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Theory and Practice" EVS16
[42] Bolognesi P. "Simulation of Hybrid Vehicles Power Systems Using Matlab" EVS 16
[43] William T.Mason "Hybrid EVs versus Pure EVs: Which Gives Greater Benefits? " SAE 94C017
[44] Gary P.Stokes and Michael A.Tamor "Ford Hybrid Propulsion Systems Development Program"
[45] The Effects of Engine Performance and Engine Starts on Series HEV Operation. SAE 970288
[46] An Advanced Engine Drivetrain Control System. SAE 970291
[47] Randall Donn Senger "Validation of ADVISOR as a Simulation Tool for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using the Virginia Tech FutureCar Lumina" Thesis of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
[48] Sebastien DELPRAT , Gino PAGANELLI "Algorithmic optimization tool for evaluation of HEV control strategies" EVS16 1999
[49] C Forgez ,G Friedrich,J.M Biedinger "Method to find the hybridization rate for a parallel hybrid electrical vehicle" EVS17 2000
[50] Jong-Seob Won, Reza Langari "Fuzzy Torque Distribution for A Parallel-Hybrid Vehicle" Advisor Paper 2001
[51 ] J.Seiler.D.Schr der, "Hybrid Vehicle Operating Strategies" EVS15 1998
[52] Joseph Beretta "New Classification on Electric-Thermal Hybrid Vehicle" EVS15 1998
[53] Dr.Ir.Joeri Van Mierlo "Views on Hybrid Drivetrain Power Management Strategies" EVS18 2001
[2] 孙逢春“电动汽车”北京理工大学出版社，1997．6
[3] 李槟、陈全世“混合动力电动汽车中电池的研究”汽车技术1999．10
[4] 陈全世“电动汽车用铅酸电池的放电特性研究”汽车技术1996．8
[5] 宋慧“电动汽车的现状与发展”汽车电器2000-1
[6] 李槟、陈全世“开展混合动力电动汽车的研究刻不容缓”汽车技术1999．5
[7] 宋慧“复合动力电动汽车的驱动模式和控制策略”世界汽车2000．7
[8] 于秀敏、宋占伟“混合动力车的应用与发展前景”汽车杂志1999．4
[9] 王冬、田光余、陈全世“混合动力电动汽车动力系统选型策略分析”汽车工业研究2001．2
[10] 白木、周艳琼“世界电动车发展现状”世界汽车2001．3
[11] 刘剑雄、管前新“当前世界电动汽车发展概况”汽车技术1997．5
[12] 商国华“日本对EV和HEV用高性能电池的研究”世界汽车2000．9
[13] 梁龙“混合动力电动汽车驱动系统的开发与应用”汽车工程2001．2
[14] 朱元、韩晓东“串联式混合动力电动汽车发动机转速新型PID控制”汽车工程2001．2
[15] 余志生“汽车理论 第三版”机械工业出版社2000．10
[16] 王望予“汽车设计 第三版”吉林工业大学
[17] 刘惟信“机械最优化设计”清华大学出版社1994．9
[18] 李庆扬、王能超、易大义“数值分析”华中理工大学出版社1982．7
[19] Buntin,D,1994,"control System Design for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle";M.S.thesis,Texas A&M University, College Station,TX.
[20] Jalil,N,Kheir,N,A,and Salman,M,1997,"A Rule-based Energy Management Strategy for a Serial Hybrid Vehicle,"Proceedings of the American Control Conference,pp.889-893.
[21] Brahama, A,Glenn,B,Guezennec,b,Miller,T,Rizzoni,G,and Washigton,G,1999,"Modeling,Performance Analysis and Control Design of a Hybrid Sport-Utility Vehicle,"Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Control Applications,pp.448-453
[22] Lee,H,D,Koo,E,S,Kim,S.-K,and Kim,J,S,1998,"Torque Control Strategy for a Parallel-Hybrid Vehicle Using Fuzzy Logic,"33rd IEEE Industrial Applications Society Annual Cconference,pp.1715-1720.
[23] Farralll.S.D.and Jones,R.P,1993,"Energy Managemenet in an automotive electric/heat
engine hybrid powtrain using fuzzy decision making ;"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Intelligent Control ,pp 463-486．
[24] Available at http://www.insightcentral.net
[25] Steinmaurer-G, del Re-L, "Optimal control of dual power sources ", published at the Conference on Control Applications, CCA 2001,Mexico, September 5-7,2001
[26] L.del Re and G.Steinmaurer, "Computation of Minimum Achievable Fuel Consumption for Serial Hybrids" SAE 1999-01-2945
[27] MATLAB Optimization Toolbox
[28] H.Ishitani, Y.Baba, and R.Matsuhashi "Evaluation of Energy efficiency of a Commercial HEV, Prius, at City driving" EVSI6 1999
[29] L. De Andreis, G. Pede "Experiences on control of Internal Combustion Engines of Series Hybrid Electrical Vehicles" EVS16 1999
[30] J.Seiler, D.Schr der "Hybrid vehicle Operating Strategies" EVS16 1999
[31] Sylvia Marquez "Development of a Battery-Electric/Hybrid Bus for Clean Driving in the 21 st Century" EVS16 1999
[32] Gino PAGANELLI "Conception and Control of Parallel Hybrid Car Powertrain" EVS15 1998
[33] M. Mazzucchelli, A. Pini Prato "HYBRID BUS POWER FLOW CONTROL SYSTEM"EVS15 1998
[34] Prof. Dr. Peter-Klaus Budig "Design of the Propulsion System of a Hybrid Car under Considerationof the Optimum Voltage" EVS15 1998
[35] Takeshi Aso, Masato Fukino, Toshio Kikuchi and Eiji Inada "Simulation Study of Third-Generation Series Hybrid System" EVS15 1998
[36] H.Ishitani, Y.Baba, A.Molyneaux, D.Favrat "An optimization tool of Hybrid type EV systems" EVS15 1998
[37] Shun HiramatsuYoshiyuki NakayamaYoshiaki Kikuchi "Development of the Battery ECU for the Toyota Hybrid System" EVS15 1998
[38] Jim McDowell "Bridging Expectations to Hybrid Bus Operation"EVS15 1998
[39] J. Van Mierlo, "Simulation of a complex parallel-series hybrid drive train" EVS16 1999
[40] B Jeanneret R Trigui F Badin F Harel "New Hybrid concept simulation tools,evaluation on the Toyota Prius car" EVS 16 1999
[41] Morten Hemmingsson "Minimization of Energy Losses in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Theory and Practice" EVS16
[42] Bolognesi P. "Simulation of Hybrid Vehicles Power Systems Using Matlab" EVS 16
[43] William T.Mason "Hybrid EVs versus Pure EVs: Which Gives Greater Benefits? " SAE 94C017
[44] Gary P.Stokes and Michael A.Tamor "Ford Hybrid Propulsion Systems Development Program"
[45] The Effects of Engine Performance and Engine Starts on Series HEV Operation. SAE 970288
[46] An Advanced Engine Drivetrain Control System. SAE 970291
[47] Randall Donn Senger "Validation of ADVISOR as a Simulation Tool for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using the Virginia Tech FutureCar Lumina" Thesis of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
[48] Sebastien DELPRAT , Gino PAGANELLI "Algorithmic optimization tool for evaluation of HEV control strategies" EVS16 1999
[49] C Forgez ,G Friedrich,J.M Biedinger "Method to find the hybridization rate for a parallel hybrid electrical vehicle" EVS17 2000
[50] Jong-Seob Won, Reza Langari "Fuzzy Torque Distribution for A Parallel-Hybrid Vehicle" Advisor Paper 2001
[51 ] J.Seiler.D.Schr der, "Hybrid Vehicle Operating Strategies" EVS15 1998
[52] Joseph Beretta "New Classification on Electric-Thermal Hybrid Vehicle" EVS15 1998
[53] Dr.Ir.Joeri Van Mierlo "Views on Hybrid Drivetrain Power Management Strategies" EVS18 2001