异形斜拉桥结构仿真分析与施工控制
|
摘要
随着斜拉桥的发展,斜拉桥的结构分析及施工控制已成为目前桥梁界研究的热点问题,很多专家为此已做了多方面的研究并积累了丰富的经验。但是对于结构上有特殊之处的异形斜拉桥而言还没有过多的研究成果可供参考。异形斜拉桥由于其斜塔弯梁构造结构不对称,若将空间问题简化为平面问题处理进行计算存在误差。本文采用悬链线索单元模拟拉索,运用基于CR列式的考虑梁柱效应和大位移的理论,建立空间仿真分析模型,对异形斜拉桥进行分析计算,研究了此模型用于异形斜拉桥结构分析和施工控制的可靠性。
首先,通过收集和整理国内外大量资料,总结了静力分析的线性有限元素法和非线性有限元素法、斜拉索的几何非线性问题以及目前常用的斜拉桥合理设计状态的确定方法,并针对本文的依托工程祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥的结构特点,重点介绍了斜拉桥非线性有限元素法及TL列式、UL列式和基于随转坐标系的CR列式。
其次,对斜拉桥施工控制系统、斜拉桥施工控制的目的和必要性以及斜拉桥施工控制的主要工作内容、方法和影响因素做了归纳,并确定了本桥施工控制系统。
再次,根据基于CR列式的考虑梁柱效应和大位移的理论,为祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥建立了空间结构仿真分析模型,并做了施工过程的仿真分析,计算了该桥的合理成桥状态的索力、合理施工状态的索力以及各施工阶段的位移、索力和应力。
最后,根据祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥自身的特点,选择位移为主要的控制项目,索力为辅助项目,应力为参考项目实施了施工控制。实测的各施工阶段的结构受力和变形数据与空间仿真分析数据比较吻合,建成后的祝庄互通式立交C匝道斜拉桥主梁线形流畅,斜拉索、主梁和桥塔受力合理,桥体结构安全可靠。祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥施工控制项目的圆满成功说明基于CR列式考虑梁柱效应和大位移的理论,建立空间仿真分析模型计算异形斜拉桥,并以其指导异形斜拉桥的施工控制可靠可行。
With the development of cable-stayed bridge, structure analysis and construction controlling of cable-stayed bridges has become a hot issues .For this reason, many experts have done a wide range of research and accumulated a wealth of experience. For the special-shaped cable-stayed bridge just have only a few research results can be used. Special-shaped cable-stayed bridge is an asymmetrical structure so we can not simplify the spatial Structure problem for the plane. In this paper, we used catenary cable element imitate the cable, use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model. This model is used to study the feasibility of structure analysis and construction controlling of special-shaped cable-stayed bridges.
First of all, collect a lot of information at home and abroad, summed up the static analysis of linear and nonlinear finite element method as well as geometric non-linear and the methods used to determine the rational design of the cable-stayed bridges. Combined with the structural characteristics of zhuzhuang overpass, explained the nonlinear finite element method、TL formulation、TL formulation and coordinate system based on the CR formulation.
Secondly, summed up the control system of cable-stayed bridges,the Purpose、necessity、Content, methods and impact factors of construction control then determined the construction control processes.
Thirdly, use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model for zhuzhuang overpass. Done a simulation analysis of the construction process. Calculated the cable force at reasonable and rational state, also calculated the displacement, cable force, stress in every construction stage.
Finally, in accordance with the characteristics of Zhu Zhuang overpass, select shift control for the major projects, the cable force control for the supporting projects, stress as a reference implementation of the project construction control. Measured data and analysis data is several similar, when the overpass Completed,it has a smooth linear/Reasonable force. So we can see use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model,and use this model with Structural analysis and construction control is feasible.
首先,通过收集和整理国内外大量资料,总结了静力分析的线性有限元素法和非线性有限元素法、斜拉索的几何非线性问题以及目前常用的斜拉桥合理设计状态的确定方法,并针对本文的依托工程祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥的结构特点,重点介绍了斜拉桥非线性有限元素法及TL列式、UL列式和基于随转坐标系的CR列式。
其次,对斜拉桥施工控制系统、斜拉桥施工控制的目的和必要性以及斜拉桥施工控制的主要工作内容、方法和影响因素做了归纳,并确定了本桥施工控制系统。
再次,根据基于CR列式的考虑梁柱效应和大位移的理论,为祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥建立了空间结构仿真分析模型,并做了施工过程的仿真分析,计算了该桥的合理成桥状态的索力、合理施工状态的索力以及各施工阶段的位移、索力和应力。
最后,根据祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥自身的特点,选择位移为主要的控制项目,索力为辅助项目,应力为参考项目实施了施工控制。实测的各施工阶段的结构受力和变形数据与空间仿真分析数据比较吻合,建成后的祝庄互通式立交C匝道斜拉桥主梁线形流畅,斜拉索、主梁和桥塔受力合理,桥体结构安全可靠。祝庄互通式立交C匝道桥施工控制项目的圆满成功说明基于CR列式考虑梁柱效应和大位移的理论,建立空间仿真分析模型计算异形斜拉桥,并以其指导异形斜拉桥的施工控制可靠可行。
With the development of cable-stayed bridge, structure analysis and construction controlling of cable-stayed bridges has become a hot issues .For this reason, many experts have done a wide range of research and accumulated a wealth of experience. For the special-shaped cable-stayed bridge just have only a few research results can be used. Special-shaped cable-stayed bridge is an asymmetrical structure so we can not simplify the spatial Structure problem for the plane. In this paper, we used catenary cable element imitate the cable, use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model. This model is used to study the feasibility of structure analysis and construction controlling of special-shaped cable-stayed bridges.
First of all, collect a lot of information at home and abroad, summed up the static analysis of linear and nonlinear finite element method as well as geometric non-linear and the methods used to determine the rational design of the cable-stayed bridges. Combined with the structural characteristics of zhuzhuang overpass, explained the nonlinear finite element method、TL formulation、TL formulation and coordinate system based on the CR formulation.
Secondly, summed up the control system of cable-stayed bridges,the Purpose、necessity、Content, methods and impact factors of construction control then determined the construction control processes.
Thirdly, use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model for zhuzhuang overpass. Done a simulation analysis of the construction process. Calculated the cable force at reasonable and rational state, also calculated the displacement, cable force, stress in every construction stage.
Finally, in accordance with the characteristics of Zhu Zhuang overpass, select shift control for the major projects, the cable force control for the supporting projects, stress as a reference implementation of the project construction control. Measured data and analysis data is several similar, when the overpass Completed,it has a smooth linear/Reasonable force. So we can see use the theory which is based on the CR formulation effects and considered the beam-column effect and the large displacement to establish of space model,and use this model with Structural analysis and construction control is feasible.
引文
[1]严国敏,劳远昌.现代斜拉桥[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社.1996
[2]林元培.斜拉桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社.1994
[3]陈艾荣,盛勇,钱锋.桥梁造型[M].人民交通出版社.2005.
[4]和丕壮,唐寰澄.桥梁美学[M].人民交通出版社.1999.
[5]蔺鹏臻,刘世忠.桥梁结构有限元分析[M].科学出版社.2008
[6]范立础.桥梁工程[M].人民交通出版社.2000
[7]杨炳成,陈偕民.结构有限元素法[M].1996
[8]FlemingJF.Nonlinear Statie Analysis of Cable-stayed Bridge Structures[J].ComPuters and Structures,1979,10:621-635
[9]Emst.Der E-Modul-von-Soilenunter Berucksiehtigung-des-Durchhangers[J].Der Bauingenieur.1965,40(2):52-55
[10]Saafan SA.Theoratieal Analysis of SusPension Bridges[J].Proc.ASCE,1966,92(ST4),1-1
[11]Bathe KJ,Bolourehi S.Large disPlaeement analysis of three-dimensional beam struetures[J].International Journal for Numerieal Methods in Engineerin.1979,14:961-986
[12]潘永仁.悬索桥结构分析理论与方法[M].人民交通出版社.2004
[13]梁鹏.超大跨度斜拉桥几何非线性及随机过程分析[D].上海:同济大学.2004
[14]O'Briem WT.Francis AJ.Cable movements under two-dimensional load[J].Journal of Structural Division,ASCE,1964,90(ST3):89-123.
[15]Peyrot AH.Goulois AM.Analysis of flexible transmission lines[J].Jounrnal of Structural,Division,ASCE,1978,104(ST5):763-779
[16]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2001.
[17]石雪飞,项海帆.斜拉桥施工控制方法的分类分析同济大学学报V 29 No1
[18]Sakai F,Isoe A,Umeda A A new methodology for control of construction accuracy in cable-stayed bridge[A]Fan L.C Proe 3th EASEC Shanghai:Tongji Univeraity Press 1991.847-855
[19]Park.J Control systerm and post-processing in erection of composete,Cable-tayed Bridges[A].Proc Deausnlle cable-stayed bridge and Suspension Bridges:2[c]Deauville:[s n],1994 371-1378
[20]于克萍,胡庆安.结构力学[M].西北工业大学出版社.2001
[21]赵均海,王敏强,魏雪英.高等有限元[M].武汉理工大学出版社.2004
[22]刘人通.弹性力学[M].西北工业大学出版社.2002
[23]宋天霞,郭建生,杨元明.非线性固体计算力学[M].华中科技大学出版社.2005
[24]殷有泉.非线性有限元基础[M].北京大学出版社.2007
[25]黄象鼎,曾钟钢,马亚南.非线性数值分析的理论与方法[M].武汉大学出版社2004
[26]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.[M].人民交通出版社.2007
[27]JTG/T D65-01-2007.公路斜拉桥设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007
[28]潘永仁,范立础.悬链线索单元在悬索桥主缆下料长度计算中的应用[J].结构工程师,1998(3):20-24
[29]梁鹏,肖汝诚,张雪松.斜拉桥索力优化使用方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(11)1270-1274
[30]范立础,杜国华,马健中.斜拉桥索力优化及非线性理想倒退分析[J].重庆交通学院学报,1992,11(1):1-13
[31]肖汝诚,项海帆斜拉桥索力优化的影响矩阵法[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1998,26(3):235-240
[32]陆楸,徐有光.斜拉桥最优索力的探讨[J].中国公路学报,1989,3(1):39-4
[33]颜东煌.斜拉桥合理设计状态确定与施工控制[D].长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2001
[34]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工监测与控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005.9
[35]徐君兰,项海帆.大跨度桥梁施工控制[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2000
[36]石雪飞.斜拉桥结构参数估计及施工控制系统[D].上海:同济太学桥粱工程系,1999
[37]文武松,王邦楣.斜拉桥施工阶段监测监控的内容和方法[J].桥梁建设,1999,(4):63 68.
[38]李元松,李新平,姜天华.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制方法研究[J].武汉工程大学学报,Vol.29 No.4,2007
[39]林元培.卡尔曼滤波法在斜拉桥施工中的应用[J].土木工程学报,1983,6(3): 7-14.
[40]姜天华.卡尔漫滤波法在斜拉桥施工控制中的应用[D].华中科技大学土木与建筑学院,2002.
[41]秦顺全.桥梁施工控制—无应力状态法理论与实践[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2007.
[42]肖新平,宋中民,李峰.灰技术基础及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005
[43]方志,刘光栋,王光炯.斜拉桥施工的灰色预测控制系统[J].湖南大学学报,1997,24(3):74-81.
[44]张永水.灰色系统理论在连续刚构桥施工误差调整中的应用[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(4):16-18.
[45]Yen G G.Identification and control large structures using neural network[J],computers and structures.1995,52(5):859-870.
[46]Vanluchen R D,Sun R F.Neural network in structure engineering[J].Microcomputer in Civil Engineering,1990,(5):207-215.
[47]许俊,郑信光,陈云峰.影响P.C.斜拉桥施工控制目标的因素[J].结构工程师2000;(1).
[48]陈常松,颜东煌,程海潜,涂光亚,刘乐天.大跨度PC斜拉桥施工控制中温度效应分析[J].公路交通科技,2002,19(6):84-87.
[49]陈务军,关富玲,袁行飞.斜拉桥施工控制分析中线性与非线性影响分析[J].中国公路学报,1998,vol 11 No.2
[50]李小珍,胡大林,陈祥宝.大跨度斜拉桥施工状态的计算机仿真分析[J].中国公路学报.1999.10
[51]石现峰,李建中,苏木标.预应力混凝土曲线梁桥分阶段施工时的力学行为分析[J].中国公路学报.1999.7
[52]杜国华,姜林.斜拉桥的合理索力及其施工张拉力[J].桥梁建设.1989.3
[53]陆揪,徐有光.斜拉桥最优索力的探讨[J].中国公路学报.1990.3
[54]颜东煌、田仲初、钟正强.桥梁施工仿真计算程序设计方法[J].公路工程计算机应用论文集,1996
[2]林元培.斜拉桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社.1994
[3]陈艾荣,盛勇,钱锋.桥梁造型[M].人民交通出版社.2005.
[4]和丕壮,唐寰澄.桥梁美学[M].人民交通出版社.1999.
[5]蔺鹏臻,刘世忠.桥梁结构有限元分析[M].科学出版社.2008
[6]范立础.桥梁工程[M].人民交通出版社.2000
[7]杨炳成,陈偕民.结构有限元素法[M].1996
[8]FlemingJF.Nonlinear Statie Analysis of Cable-stayed Bridge Structures[J].ComPuters and Structures,1979,10:621-635
[9]Emst.Der E-Modul-von-Soilenunter Berucksiehtigung-des-Durchhangers[J].Der Bauingenieur.1965,40(2):52-55
[10]Saafan SA.Theoratieal Analysis of SusPension Bridges[J].Proc.ASCE,1966,92(ST4),1-1
[11]Bathe KJ,Bolourehi S.Large disPlaeement analysis of three-dimensional beam struetures[J].International Journal for Numerieal Methods in Engineerin.1979,14:961-986
[12]潘永仁.悬索桥结构分析理论与方法[M].人民交通出版社.2004
[13]梁鹏.超大跨度斜拉桥几何非线性及随机过程分析[D].上海:同济大学.2004
[14]O'Briem WT.Francis AJ.Cable movements under two-dimensional load[J].Journal of Structural Division,ASCE,1964,90(ST3):89-123.
[15]Peyrot AH.Goulois AM.Analysis of flexible transmission lines[J].Jounrnal of Structural,Division,ASCE,1978,104(ST5):763-779
[16]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2001.
[17]石雪飞,项海帆.斜拉桥施工控制方法的分类分析同济大学学报V 29 No1
[18]Sakai F,Isoe A,Umeda A A new methodology for control of construction accuracy in cable-stayed bridge[A]Fan L.C Proe 3th EASEC Shanghai:Tongji Univeraity Press 1991.847-855
[19]Park.J Control systerm and post-processing in erection of composete,Cable-tayed Bridges[A].Proc Deausnlle cable-stayed bridge and Suspension Bridges:2[c]Deauville:[s n],1994 371-1378
[20]于克萍,胡庆安.结构力学[M].西北工业大学出版社.2001
[21]赵均海,王敏强,魏雪英.高等有限元[M].武汉理工大学出版社.2004
[22]刘人通.弹性力学[M].西北工业大学出版社.2002
[23]宋天霞,郭建生,杨元明.非线性固体计算力学[M].华中科技大学出版社.2005
[24]殷有泉.非线性有限元基础[M].北京大学出版社.2007
[25]黄象鼎,曾钟钢,马亚南.非线性数值分析的理论与方法[M].武汉大学出版社2004
[26]项海帆.高等桥梁结构理论.[M].人民交通出版社.2007
[27]JTG/T D65-01-2007.公路斜拉桥设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2007
[28]潘永仁,范立础.悬链线索单元在悬索桥主缆下料长度计算中的应用[J].结构工程师,1998(3):20-24
[29]梁鹏,肖汝诚,张雪松.斜拉桥索力优化使用方法[J].同济大学学报,2003,31(11)1270-1274
[30]范立础,杜国华,马健中.斜拉桥索力优化及非线性理想倒退分析[J].重庆交通学院学报,1992,11(1):1-13
[31]肖汝诚,项海帆斜拉桥索力优化的影响矩阵法[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),1998,26(3):235-240
[32]陆楸,徐有光.斜拉桥最优索力的探讨[J].中国公路学报,1989,3(1):39-4
[33]颜东煌.斜拉桥合理设计状态确定与施工控制[D].长沙:湖南大学土木工程学院,2001
[34]顾安邦,张永水.桥梁施工监测与控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2005.9
[35]徐君兰,项海帆.大跨度桥梁施工控制[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2000
[36]石雪飞.斜拉桥结构参数估计及施工控制系统[D].上海:同济太学桥粱工程系,1999
[37]文武松,王邦楣.斜拉桥施工阶段监测监控的内容和方法[J].桥梁建设,1999,(4):63 68.
[38]李元松,李新平,姜天华.大跨度斜拉桥施工控制方法研究[J].武汉工程大学学报,Vol.29 No.4,2007
[39]林元培.卡尔曼滤波法在斜拉桥施工中的应用[J].土木工程学报,1983,6(3): 7-14.
[40]姜天华.卡尔漫滤波法在斜拉桥施工控制中的应用[D].华中科技大学土木与建筑学院,2002.
[41]秦顺全.桥梁施工控制—无应力状态法理论与实践[M].北京:人民交通出版社.2007.
[42]肖新平,宋中民,李峰.灰技术基础及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005
[43]方志,刘光栋,王光炯.斜拉桥施工的灰色预测控制系统[J].湖南大学学报,1997,24(3):74-81.
[44]张永水.灰色系统理论在连续刚构桥施工误差调整中的应用[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(4):16-18.
[45]Yen G G.Identification and control large structures using neural network[J],computers and structures.1995,52(5):859-870.
[46]Vanluchen R D,Sun R F.Neural network in structure engineering[J].Microcomputer in Civil Engineering,1990,(5):207-215.
[47]许俊,郑信光,陈云峰.影响P.C.斜拉桥施工控制目标的因素[J].结构工程师2000;(1).
[48]陈常松,颜东煌,程海潜,涂光亚,刘乐天.大跨度PC斜拉桥施工控制中温度效应分析[J].公路交通科技,2002,19(6):84-87.
[49]陈务军,关富玲,袁行飞.斜拉桥施工控制分析中线性与非线性影响分析[J].中国公路学报,1998,vol 11 No.2
[50]李小珍,胡大林,陈祥宝.大跨度斜拉桥施工状态的计算机仿真分析[J].中国公路学报.1999.10
[51]石现峰,李建中,苏木标.预应力混凝土曲线梁桥分阶段施工时的力学行为分析[J].中国公路学报.1999.7
[52]杜国华,姜林.斜拉桥的合理索力及其施工张拉力[J].桥梁建设.1989.3
[53]陆揪,徐有光.斜拉桥最优索力的探讨[J].中国公路学报.1990.3
[54]颜东煌、田仲初、钟正强.桥梁施工仿真计算程序设计方法[J].公路工程计算机应用论文集,1996