摘要
做为大气污染控制的主要设备,袋式除尘器的运行效果与过滤粉尘的性质有着直接的联系。长期以来,木材工业中袋式除尘器的使用一直借鉴其它行业的运行参数,缺乏一个科学依据,高效经济的运行无法得到保证。针对这一现状,本次论文通过设计并制造一个脉冲清灰袋式除尘系统,为木材工业袋式除尘技术的研究提供一个便利、可靠、适用性强的试验平台,并在此基础上进行多种测试性试验,在对试验台的可靠性进行验证的同时,结合木质粉尘的属性与过滤理论,对MDF砂光木粉脉冲袋式除尘的合理参数做一初步探索。具体内容为:
1、试验用脉冲袋式除尘系统的设计与制造。木材工业袋式除尘的研究长期缺乏一个实用有效的平台,本次研究参照小型脉冲袋式除尘器的特点,针对试验用途对于能耗、易用性和测量等方面的要求,做出多项有针对性的设计。测试试验表明,该系统达到了设计标准。
2、对中密度纤维板(MDF)砂光粉尘的粒径分布做一精确测定。借助激光粒度分析仪,本次研究得以对粉尘颗粒大小,特别是10μm以下的超微粉尘粒径的比例和结构做出清晰可靠的测定。
3、对装置进行测试性试验,同时对MDF砂光木粉的脉冲袋式除尘合理运行做一初步探索。分别考察了过滤速度和粉尘浓度对除尘器过滤效率的影响,以及过滤速度、粉尘浓度及清灰周期三个因素对滤料粉尘层压力损失的影响。试验的最终结果有些与以往的普遍认识相符合,有些则显出一定的特性,如过滤速度对于过滤效率的影响的明显程度比预想的要小得多。此外,脉冲周期对除尘器压力的影响也出现一段有趣的递增区间,相信会对现实生产产生一定借鉴价值。
As main facilities for air pollution control, bag filters' performances are directly connected with the properties of filtered dusts. Bag filters used in wood industry have been borrowing running parameters from other industries for a long time. As scientific foundation is lacked, economy and high efficiency can hardly be guaranteed. This article presents a pulse-jet filter system designed to make available a convenient, reliable and flexible experiment platform for research on bag filter technologies in wood industry. Various experiments were made to test its reliability, and, with the analysis of wood dusts and filtering theory, to initially explore reasonable parameters of pulse-jet filtering of MDF dusts.
The contents in detail are as the following:
1, Design and production of a pulse-jet filter system for experimental use. The research on bag filtering in wood industry has long lacked a useful platform. This time, the design takes into account the characters of small pulse-jet filter. Several specific designs are made for the environment and intent it serves. And the testing experiments have demonstrated its competence.
2, Accurate measurement of the size distribution of MDF sanding particles. With the aid of laser particle sizing analyzer, our research obtains the ability to measure the size of particles, especially the ratio and structure of super-micro particles with diameters under 10um.
3, Initial exploration of reasonable parameters of pulse-jet filtering of MDF dusts. We respectively observed the affection of face velocity and dust concentration on collection efficiency, and face velocity, dust concentration and cleaning cycle on the resistance of the filter medium. Some final results are in line with our expectation while others show special characters, e.g. the affection of face velocity on collection efficiency is much weaker than expectation. Besides, the affection of cleaning cycle on filter resistance illustrates an interesting value-increasing range, which may be useful in industrial application.
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