三波长可见光功率计的技术研究
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摘要
LD泵浦全固态激光器是激光技术领域的一个重要分支,因此研制与其配套的激光功率检测设备也是一个不可或缺的内容。本文从功率计的工作原理出发设计了一种以硅光电池为探测元件的结构简单、成本低但非常实用的智能化三波长激光功率计,可以实现对绿光532nm,蓝光473nm和红光671nm三种不同波长激光的精确检测。
论文首先介绍了热电和光电两种类型探测器的基本工作原理,对比和分析其优缺点。指出热电探测器虽然响应频率宽,但是响应时间长,而且价格昂贵；以硅光电池为基础的光电型探测器,精确度高,响应时间短,制作成本低廉。因此本文设计的三波长功率计采用了光电探测器。
其次,在滤光片问题上,我们选择了在532nm、473nm和671nm都具有一定透过率的型号为DTB545带通滤光片作为三波长功率计的滤光元件,一方面消除了杂散光,另一方面也保证了三个波长激光的有效透过。
最后,在波长切换控制方面设计了两种方案,一种是手动控制波长切换,另一种是自动控制波长切换。并对手动控制方案进行了实验检测。检测结果与用标准单波长功率计的测量结果基本一致。
LD pumped solid-state laser is an important branch of laser technology, so researching on the matching power detectors are necessary. This meter is simple in configuration, low cost and practical, which can realize the precise measurement for three different wavelengths such as 532nm,473nm and 671nm.
Firstly the basic working principles of thermoelectric and photoelectric detectors are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantage are compared and analyzed. It points out that although thermoelectric detector response wider frequency width but the response time is long and the cost is expensive. Photoelectrical detector of silicon photocell is of high precision and the response time is short and the price is low. Therefore the three wavelengths power meter designed in this paper adopts photoelectric detector.
In addition, we select model of DTB545 band-pass filters which have certain transmittances at 671nm,532nm,473nm wave as filtering element, which not only eliminate stray light but also ensure effective transmission of three wavelengths.
In the end, two schemes are design in wavelength switching control. The one is a hand control wavelength switch, the other is automation control wavelength switch. Moreover, we carry out experiment detection for the second scheme, whose result is consistent with the measuring results which are detected by the standard single wavelength power meters.
论文首先介绍了热电和光电两种类型探测器的基本工作原理,对比和分析其优缺点。指出热电探测器虽然响应频率宽,但是响应时间长,而且价格昂贵；以硅光电池为基础的光电型探测器,精确度高,响应时间短,制作成本低廉。因此本文设计的三波长功率计采用了光电探测器。
其次,在滤光片问题上,我们选择了在532nm、473nm和671nm都具有一定透过率的型号为DTB545带通滤光片作为三波长功率计的滤光元件,一方面消除了杂散光,另一方面也保证了三个波长激光的有效透过。
最后,在波长切换控制方面设计了两种方案,一种是手动控制波长切换,另一种是自动控制波长切换。并对手动控制方案进行了实验检测。检测结果与用标准单波长功率计的测量结果基本一致。
LD pumped solid-state laser is an important branch of laser technology, so researching on the matching power detectors are necessary. This meter is simple in configuration, low cost and practical, which can realize the precise measurement for three different wavelengths such as 532nm,473nm and 671nm.
Firstly the basic working principles of thermoelectric and photoelectric detectors are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantage are compared and analyzed. It points out that although thermoelectric detector response wider frequency width but the response time is long and the cost is expensive. Photoelectrical detector of silicon photocell is of high precision and the response time is short and the price is low. Therefore the three wavelengths power meter designed in this paper adopts photoelectric detector.
In addition, we select model of DTB545 band-pass filters which have certain transmittances at 671nm,532nm,473nm wave as filtering element, which not only eliminate stray light but also ensure effective transmission of three wavelengths.
In the end, two schemes are design in wavelength switching control. The one is a hand control wavelength switch, the other is automation control wavelength switch. Moreover, we carry out experiment detection for the second scheme, whose result is consistent with the measuring results which are detected by the standard single wavelength power meters.
引文
[1]杨照金,王雷.激光功率和能量计量技术的现状与展望[J].应用光学,2004,25(3)：1-4
[2]G W Day. Metrology for the optoelectronics industry [R].USA:NIST,1998.
[3]NPL. Measurement Services of Optoelectronics for NPL[R].UK:NPL,1998
[4]李同保.光电子计量测试进展[C].厦门：光学测试会议,2002
[5]Rait V. N.,et al.A simply laser power meter dependent on photo acoustic effect[J]. Scientific Instruments.1987, 20:1472-1476
[6]Sathee shkumar M.K.,et al. Use of A Photo acoustic Cell AS A Sensitive Power Meter[J]. Scientific Instrument,1985, 18:434-436
[7]Peralta S.B.,et al. Photo acoustic Optical Power Meter[J].Using Piezoelectric Detection. Scientific Instrument.1998, 21:195-196
[8]Wautelet M. Inter ometic Laser Power Meter [J]. Applied Optics.1989,28(12):2193-2194
[9]刘笃仁,韩保君.传感器原理及应用技术[J].西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[10]朱京平.光电子技术基础[M].科学出版社,2003.
[11]陈中儒,浙江财经学院,光电传感器[J]高新技术科技资讯,2008
[12]李汉军,杨士亮,杨恩智.光电池原理及其应用[J]现代物理知识11卷3期26-27
[13]邱娜,梁宏光,吴涛东北电子技术研究所,激光对光电传感器的损伤阈值[J]电子工业专用设备,2009
[14]薛建国、越威.强激光对雪崩光电探测器破坏的研究[J].应用激光,2000,(6)：127-128.
[15]钟海荣,刘天华,陆启生,等.光电探测器的激光破坏(损伤)闽值分析[J].激光杂志,2001,(4)：1-5.
[16]刘泽金,陆启生,蒋志平等.激光辐照电荷耦合器件图象传感器局部的破坏效应研究[J].激光技术,1994,(12)：344-347
[17]刘泽金,陆启生,蒋志平,等.面阵电荷耦合器件图像传感器点破坏机理研究[J].应用激光,1995,(4)：85-86.
[18]M.弗朗松.用于辐射分离的光学滤波片[M].北京：科学出版社.1984.6.
[19]李景镇.光学手册[M].西安：山西科学技术出版社,1986.
[20]马科斯·波恩，埃米尔·沃耳夫.光学原理[M].电子工业出版社，2005.
[21]廖延彪.偏振光学[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[22]廖延彪.物理光学[M].北京：电子工业出版社,1986.
[23]Evans J W. The birefringent filter[J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am.1949,39(3):229-242.
[24]程光华,王屹山,于连君等.布氏角放置的双折射滤光片在腔内倍频中的作用[J].光学学报,2004,24(2)：284-288
[25]Patel J S, Maeda M W. Tunable polarization diversity liquld crystal wavelength filter[J].IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 1991,3:739-740.
[26]Penny M F, Abbot R H, Phillips D M et al..Airborne laser hydrography in Australia[J]. Appl.Opt.,1986, 25(13):2046-2058.
[27]Burton C H, Leistner A J, Rust D M. Electro-optic Fabry-Perot filter; development for the study of solar oscillations[J]. Appl.Opt.,1987,26(13):2637-2642.
[28]Seymour R S, Rees S M, Staromlynska J et al..Design considerations for a liquld crystal tuned Lyot filter for laser bathymetry[J]. Opt.Eng.,1994,33(3):915-923.
[29]Rees S M, Staromlynska J, Gillyon M P et al.. Final design and testing of the laser air borne.
[30]冯丹琴,盛秋琴,陈凯等.几种常用滤波器的特性IJ].光通信技术,2002,26(1)：46-53.
[31]尹延学,低损耗石英晶体光学滤波器的设计[J].曲阜师范大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2010,3.
[32]梁志霞.双折射滤波片-特性参数研究与优化设计[J].山东：曲阜师范大学激光研究所,1999.
[33]庞岩涛,李国华,梁志霞.Lyot型双折射调谐滤光片特性研究[J].光电子.激光,2000,11(2)：167-169.
[34]C.Ye, "Low-loss birefringent spectral filters comprising three identical retarders, "Appl.Opt.,2006, 45(31):4007-4010.
[35]马科斯.波恩,埃米尔,沃耳夫.光学原理[M].电了工业出版社,2005.299-306.
[36]杨四刚,潘晴,胡必春,等.基于固体腔F-P标准具的可调谐自适应光滤波器[J].半导体光电,2003,24(2)：107-109,134.
[37]David F. Stout, Handbook of Operational Amplifier Circuit Design[J]. MCGRAW-HILL:Book Company.1978
[38]P. de Grool, L. Deck, J. Soobitsky, et al. Optical flying-height testing of magnetic read-write heads[J].Proc.SPIE.1996
[39]Photodiode Monitoring with Op Amps. BB Application Bulletin.[J] USA,1995
[2]G W Day. Metrology for the optoelectronics industry [R].USA:NIST,1998.
[3]NPL. Measurement Services of Optoelectronics for NPL[R].UK:NPL,1998
[4]李同保.光电子计量测试进展[C].厦门：光学测试会议,2002
[5]Rait V. N.,et al.A simply laser power meter dependent on photo acoustic effect[J]. Scientific Instruments.1987, 20:1472-1476
[6]Sathee shkumar M.K.,et al. Use of A Photo acoustic Cell AS A Sensitive Power Meter[J]. Scientific Instrument,1985, 18:434-436
[7]Peralta S.B.,et al. Photo acoustic Optical Power Meter[J].Using Piezoelectric Detection. Scientific Instrument.1998, 21:195-196
[8]Wautelet M. Inter ometic Laser Power Meter [J]. Applied Optics.1989,28(12):2193-2194
[9]刘笃仁,韩保君.传感器原理及应用技术[J].西安电子科技大学出版社,2003.
[10]朱京平.光电子技术基础[M].科学出版社,2003.
[11]陈中儒,浙江财经学院,光电传感器[J]高新技术科技资讯,2008
[12]李汉军,杨士亮,杨恩智.光电池原理及其应用[J]现代物理知识11卷3期26-27
[13]邱娜,梁宏光,吴涛东北电子技术研究所,激光对光电传感器的损伤阈值[J]电子工业专用设备,2009
[14]薛建国、越威.强激光对雪崩光电探测器破坏的研究[J].应用激光,2000,(6)：127-128.
[15]钟海荣,刘天华,陆启生,等.光电探测器的激光破坏(损伤)闽值分析[J].激光杂志,2001,(4)：1-5.
[16]刘泽金,陆启生,蒋志平等.激光辐照电荷耦合器件图象传感器局部的破坏效应研究[J].激光技术,1994,(12)：344-347
[17]刘泽金,陆启生,蒋志平,等.面阵电荷耦合器件图像传感器点破坏机理研究[J].应用激光,1995,(4)：85-86.
[18]M.弗朗松.用于辐射分离的光学滤波片[M].北京：科学出版社.1984.6.
[19]李景镇.光学手册[M].西安：山西科学技术出版社,1986.
[20]马科斯·波恩，埃米尔·沃耳夫.光学原理[M].电子工业出版社，2005.
[21]廖延彪.偏振光学[M].北京：科学出版社,2003.
[22]廖延彪.物理光学[M].北京：电子工业出版社,1986.
[23]Evans J W. The birefringent filter[J]. J. Opt. Soc. Am.1949,39(3):229-242.
[24]程光华,王屹山,于连君等.布氏角放置的双折射滤光片在腔内倍频中的作用[J].光学学报,2004,24(2)：284-288
[25]Patel J S, Maeda M W. Tunable polarization diversity liquld crystal wavelength filter[J].IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 1991,3:739-740.
[26]Penny M F, Abbot R H, Phillips D M et al..Airborne laser hydrography in Australia[J]. Appl.Opt.,1986, 25(13):2046-2058.
[27]Burton C H, Leistner A J, Rust D M. Electro-optic Fabry-Perot filter; development for the study of solar oscillations[J]. Appl.Opt.,1987,26(13):2637-2642.
[28]Seymour R S, Rees S M, Staromlynska J et al..Design considerations for a liquld crystal tuned Lyot filter for laser bathymetry[J]. Opt.Eng.,1994,33(3):915-923.
[29]Rees S M, Staromlynska J, Gillyon M P et al.. Final design and testing of the laser air borne.
[30]冯丹琴,盛秋琴,陈凯等.几种常用滤波器的特性IJ].光通信技术,2002,26(1)：46-53.
[31]尹延学,低损耗石英晶体光学滤波器的设计[J].曲阜师范大学硕士研究生毕业论文,2010,3.
[32]梁志霞.双折射滤波片-特性参数研究与优化设计[J].山东：曲阜师范大学激光研究所,1999.
[33]庞岩涛,李国华,梁志霞.Lyot型双折射调谐滤光片特性研究[J].光电子.激光,2000,11(2)：167-169.
[34]C.Ye, "Low-loss birefringent spectral filters comprising three identical retarders, "Appl.Opt.,2006, 45(31):4007-4010.
[35]马科斯.波恩,埃米尔,沃耳夫.光学原理[M].电了工业出版社,2005.299-306.
[36]杨四刚,潘晴,胡必春,等.基于固体腔F-P标准具的可调谐自适应光滤波器[J].半导体光电,2003,24(2)：107-109,134.
[37]David F. Stout, Handbook of Operational Amplifier Circuit Design[J]. MCGRAW-HILL:Book Company.1978
[38]P. de Grool, L. Deck, J. Soobitsky, et al. Optical flying-height testing of magnetic read-write heads[J].Proc.SPIE.1996
[39]Photodiode Monitoring with Op Amps. BB Application Bulletin.[J] USA,1995