基于自动识别技术的物流信息系统的研究与应用
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摘要
当今,随着经济全球化的发展,企业面临越来越激烈的竞争。许多企业都意识到了物流管理的信息化将成为他们成功的重要因素。企业的信息化成为提高企业竞争力的重要途径和手段。特别是近年来,中国加入世贸组织已经走过了很多春秋,我国的经济也得到了长足的发展。由此,我国的物流业迅速发展,物流作为企业的“第三利润源泉”也得到了更多企业的重视。在这样的背景下,很多企业在加快改造、产业升级的过程中迫切的需要利用信息系统实现整个企业物流过程的贯通,以达到快速响应市场变化优化配置物流资源的目的。这些年来,自动识别技术发展迅速,成为一种极为有效的数据采集手段。将自动识别技术运用到企业物流管理信息系统中去,不但可以实现信息的实时采集,还能有效的解决企业物流管理信息系统中信息录入的瓶颈问题。而且可以实现企业财务、人员、物料以及各个部门信息的无缝对接。总之,对自动识别技术在企业物流管理信息系统中的应用研究具有非常重要的理论价值和现实意义。
本文首先是对物流、物流管理信息系统,自动识别技术及国内外对物流信息管理系统的研究现状做了介绍,为文章的展开奠定了基础。然后提出了基于自动识别技术的物流管理系统的设计,包括:原材料管理模块、计划管理模块、生产数据采集模块、仓储数据采集模块。自动识别技术就像一条纽带贯穿产品的整个生命周期,实现了从原材料进厂到产成品出厂,乃至整个企业经营活动中信息的实施跟踪与管理。最后,还详细的讨论了将自动识别技术应用于企业物流管理信息系统中去的时候的关键技术,包括:条码的打印技术、条码的图像识别技术、无线通讯技术、RFID技术和遗传算法在货位分配中的应用研究。
通过实践证明,运用自动识别技术进行实时的数据采集,克服了以往数据录入中的缺点,有力地提高了企业物流管理水平,为企业带来了良好的效益。
Nowadays, with the economic development in the whole world, the enterprise is facing more and more drastic competition. Most competitive enterprise has recognized that informationization of logistics management is the key to success. Enterprise information is the important approaches and means that promote the competition ability of the enterprise. Especially in recent years, China has gone through a journey of many years since it become the member of WTO, The economic of our country has been developed a lot. As a result, the logistics industry has developed rapidly and more and more importance has been attached to the logistics as“the third profit headspring”of the enterprise. Under this backdrop, A lot of enterprise needs to use information systems urgently during accelerating the transformation and industrial upgrading to respond rapidly to the changing market demands, optimize the allocation of logistics resources. These years automatic identification technology has been well developed, and it become a very useful measure to collect information. Applying automatic identification technology for LMIS of enterprise, not only can realize real-time information collection, but also can solute the bottleneck in information inputting and identifying. By this technology, the information of any department can realize non-gap connection, such as finance, employee management, material, etc. All in a word the research on automatic identification technology application in the LMIS of enterprise has important academic value and practical significance.
In this paper, firstly logistics, logistics management information systems,, automatic identification technology as well as status quo and meaning of the research on LMIS are introduced, Which lays the foundations of the latter chapters. Then the designing projects of the LMIS based on the automatic identification technology, including the Raw material management design, the plans management design, the tag create design, the manufacturing data collection design, the stock data collection design, are put forward in detail. The automatic identification technology as a ligament through the whole lifecycle of the product. The information in all economic activities can be tracked real-time and management, from material inputting to finished product selling. Finally the key technology of the automatic technology application in LMIS has been discussed detailed, include: the print technology of the barcode, the technology of recognition for barcode images,the technology of communicatory ,the technology of RFID and research of the genetic algorithm for goods locations assignment.
It has been proved that automatic identification technology overcomes the shortage of information collection, and to some extent elevates logistics management as well as benefits.
本文首先是对物流、物流管理信息系统,自动识别技术及国内外对物流信息管理系统的研究现状做了介绍,为文章的展开奠定了基础。然后提出了基于自动识别技术的物流管理系统的设计,包括:原材料管理模块、计划管理模块、生产数据采集模块、仓储数据采集模块。自动识别技术就像一条纽带贯穿产品的整个生命周期,实现了从原材料进厂到产成品出厂,乃至整个企业经营活动中信息的实施跟踪与管理。最后,还详细的讨论了将自动识别技术应用于企业物流管理信息系统中去的时候的关键技术,包括:条码的打印技术、条码的图像识别技术、无线通讯技术、RFID技术和遗传算法在货位分配中的应用研究。
通过实践证明,运用自动识别技术进行实时的数据采集,克服了以往数据录入中的缺点,有力地提高了企业物流管理水平,为企业带来了良好的效益。
Nowadays, with the economic development in the whole world, the enterprise is facing more and more drastic competition. Most competitive enterprise has recognized that informationization of logistics management is the key to success. Enterprise information is the important approaches and means that promote the competition ability of the enterprise. Especially in recent years, China has gone through a journey of many years since it become the member of WTO, The economic of our country has been developed a lot. As a result, the logistics industry has developed rapidly and more and more importance has been attached to the logistics as“the third profit headspring”of the enterprise. Under this backdrop, A lot of enterprise needs to use information systems urgently during accelerating the transformation and industrial upgrading to respond rapidly to the changing market demands, optimize the allocation of logistics resources. These years automatic identification technology has been well developed, and it become a very useful measure to collect information. Applying automatic identification technology for LMIS of enterprise, not only can realize real-time information collection, but also can solute the bottleneck in information inputting and identifying. By this technology, the information of any department can realize non-gap connection, such as finance, employee management, material, etc. All in a word the research on automatic identification technology application in the LMIS of enterprise has important academic value and practical significance.
In this paper, firstly logistics, logistics management information systems,, automatic identification technology as well as status quo and meaning of the research on LMIS are introduced, Which lays the foundations of the latter chapters. Then the designing projects of the LMIS based on the automatic identification technology, including the Raw material management design, the plans management design, the tag create design, the manufacturing data collection design, the stock data collection design, are put forward in detail. The automatic identification technology as a ligament through the whole lifecycle of the product. The information in all economic activities can be tracked real-time and management, from material inputting to finished product selling. Finally the key technology of the automatic technology application in LMIS has been discussed detailed, include: the print technology of the barcode, the technology of recognition for barcode images,the technology of communicatory ,the technology of RFID and research of the genetic algorithm for goods locations assignment.
It has been proved that automatic identification technology overcomes the shortage of information collection, and to some extent elevates logistics management as well as benefits.
引文
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[4] 陈 婷.条码自动识别技术在柴油机制造业物流中的应用[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2003:3~6.
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[6] 周盛世.现代物流学导论[M].化学工业出版社,2005:67.
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[9] 王 勇.基于.net 的供应链物流管理信息系统应用研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2005:6.
[10] 张树山.物流信息系统[M].人民交通出版社,2005:11~18.
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[13] 杨宝森,刘 鲁.基于 XML 的第三方物流管理信息系统设计[J].计算机应用与软件,2006.6(23):26~27.
[14] 贺 磊.基于 Palm OS 的物流管理技术[D].国防科技大学,2004:8~10.
[15] 李苏剑,游战清,郑利强.物流管理信息系统理论及案例[M].电子工业出版社,2004:25.
[16] 中国物品编码中心.条码技术与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004:13~20.
[17] 王 平,蒋 进,梅海军,王 浩,苏水根.物品递送数字签名确认新方法及其掌上终端[J].计算机集成制造系统,2003.9(7):566~570.
[18] 蔡淑琴.物流信息与信息系统[M].电子工业出版社,2005:51~55.
[19] 周晓光,王晓华.RFID 技术原理与应用实例[M].人民邮电出版社,2006:51~56.
[20] 李 创 , 任荣明 . 纺织服务业供应链管理系统模型研究 [J]. 纺织学报 , 2004.25(2):60~62.
[21] Kenneth.R.Castlema 著 , 朱志刚等译 . 数字图像处理 [M]. 电子工业出版社,1998:71.
[22] 荣观澳.计算机图像处理[M].清华大学出版社,2000:144~149.
[23] 万卫兵,张莉莉,施鹏飞.组织细胞 DNA 质量图像定量分析[J].微型电脑应用,2000 .16(1):15~18.
[24] 邓 华 . 二 维 条 码 PDF417 的 高 速 读 取 和 识 别 [D]. 北 京 工 业 大学,2004.5:35~37.
[25] 张昌林,高红艳,侯 玉,苏小英,周 强.小波变换在中医诊断图像中去早处理的应用[J].上海中医药大学学报,2006.4:70~73.
[26] 杨蒙召.小波变换在图像处理中的若干问题研究[D].江南大学,2006.3:10~15.
[27] 韩丽萍,张文梅,尹王保.一种改进的二进小波变换图像去噪方法[J].计算机应用与软件,2006.4(23):23~26.
[28] 商允伟,裘聿皇,刘长有.自动仓库货位分配优化问题研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2004(26):16~21.
[29] 刘 杰,朱启兵,李允公,应怀樵.基于新阈值函数的二进小波变换信号去噪研究[J].东北大学学报,2006.5(27):536~539.
[30] 周 媛 媛 , 张 成 , 林 嘉 宇 . 指 纹 图 像 的 预 处 理 算 法 [J]. 计 算 机 应用,2004(9):34~35.
[31] Canny, J.A. Computational Approach to Edge Detection, IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 8:679-714, 1986.
[32] 刘宁钟,杨静宇.基于中点检测的二维条码识别[J].小型微型计算机系统.2004.2(25):283~286.
[33] 郑春红,郑贵文,焦李成.基于 FSVM 的雷达多目标识别[J].系统工程与电子技术,2003.11(25):1358~1360.
[34] 杨宏晖,孙进才.基于支持向量机集成的水下目标自动识别系统[J].测控技术,2006.12(25):14~17.
[35] 张 成.条码技术在电气制造企业库存和生产过程管理中的应用研究[D].四川:四川大学,2004:9~13.
[36] 赵文军,栾贵新.面向行业应用的掌上电脑设计与实现[J].小型微型计算机系统,2002(10):41~43.
[37] Simon Robinson Chistian Nagel C#高级编程(第三版)[M].清华大学出版社,2003:739~743.
[38] 安治永,李应红.射频识别系统的关键技术及其在物流管理中的应用[J].航空维修与工程,2005.3:50~52.
[39] 孙光付.RFID 及其在物流配送中的应用[D].华中科技大学,2005.4:4~8.
[40] 陈华君,林 凡,郭东辉,吴孙桃.RFID 技术原理及其射频天线设计[J].厦门大学学报自然科学版,2005.6(44):312~315.
[41] 吴永祥.射频识别(RFID)技术研究现状及发展展望[J].微计算机信息,2006.11-2(22):234~236.
[42] Friedman D, Heinrich H, Duan D W. Alow-power Cmos integrated circuit for field-powered radio frequency identification tags[A].Solid-state Circuits Conference [C]. 1997,294~295,474.
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