掺废旧轮胎橡胶粉混凝土耐久性试验研究
摘要
将废旧轮胎制得的橡胶粉掺入到混凝土中,既有效改善混凝土的多种性能,又能解决大量废旧橡胶的回收利用问题。因此对于橡胶混凝土的研究,具有资源循环利用、环保及材料改性的多重意义。由于橡胶混凝土的发展历史较短,相关的试验研究以及理论分析还不够成熟,特别是其耐久性能,这严重阻碍了橡胶混凝土的推广应用。
本课题组的前期研究成果显示,80-150目废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒掺加到水泥混凝土中,能起到“固体引气剂”的作用,可以大大提高混凝土的抗冻耐久性,适当的粒径和掺加搅拌工艺下,可以替代引气剂使用。本课题正是在前期研究基础上,继续对该粒径范围的橡胶颗粒水泥混凝土的其他耐久性能(包括抗氯离子渗透性能、碱骨料反应试验、耐磨性能、抗硫酸侵蚀试验、蒸养条件下的抗冻性)进行试验研究,完善了耐久性能,为掺废旧橡胶轮胎颗粒水泥混凝土在实际工程中的推广应用提供理论依据。
本文研究的成果主要有：
(1)RCM法与NEL法测出的橡胶混凝土氯离子扩散系数的变化规律基本相同,其氯离子扩散性能随水灰比的增大而下降；当掺入量超过10kg/m3时,其抗氯离子扩散性能下降；在80目、100目、120目橡胶粉粒径范围内,120目橡胶粉抗氯离子渗透性能最好。
(2)采用玻璃砂浆棒法研究了橡胶粉对碱骨料反应的影响。废旧橡胶颗粒可以有效地抑制试件的膨胀,其掺量为水泥质量的2.5%即可达到理想的效果。80目,100目,120目三种不同橡胶粉中,120目橡胶粉抑制碱骨料反应的效果最好。
(3)橡胶混凝土耐磨性能优于普通混凝土,其耐磨性能随水灰比的增大而减小；掺入橡胶粉后混凝土的耐磨性随着橡胶粉的掺量先提高后降低；80目,100目,120目三种不同橡胶粉中,100目橡胶粉耐磨性能效果最好,并分析出其耐磨性能与抗压强度并没有必然的联系。
(4)硫酸盐侵蚀采用干湿循环试验方法,橡胶混凝土抗硫酸侵蚀前期效果较普通混凝土好,后期强度急剧下降。随着橡胶粉掺量的增加,抗硫酸侵蚀能力会有所增强；100目,120目,150目三种不同橡胶粉中,150目抗硫酸盐侵蚀效果最好。
(5)橡胶混凝土较有良好的蒸养适应性,抗冻性能并未出现劣化,并通过硬化气泡信息试验得出蒸汽养护基本对含气量无大的影响。
Putting scrap rubber powders into cement concrete can improve a lot of properties, and also solve problem about a large number of waste rubber recycling. Experimental study on rubberized concrete will play a significant role in utilization resources, environmental protection and modified materials. Due to the relatively short history of rubberized concrete, the related experimental studies and theoretical analysis are not very mature, especially the performance in durability, which seriously hindered the widespread application of rubberized concrete.
The previous results of our research group show that putting scrap rubber powders into cement concrete can greatly enhance frost resistance. The effect of rubber powders is equal to adding air-entraining mixture, under the condition of right size and quantity. This topic which based on the previous studies continue to research other properties in durability(include chloride ion permeability resistance, alkali-aggregate reaction^abrasion resistance^sulphate attack resistance^freezing resistance under steam curing).Improving the durability can provide theoretical basis to widespread application of rubberized concrete.
The results of this paper are:
(1) This paper studies the chloride ions penetration resistance property of rubberized concrete based on RCM and NEL method, the variation is almost identical. The chloride ion permeability resistance of rubberized concrete decreased with the increasing of W/C; decreased when the contents of rubber powder get higher than lOkg/m; Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of80mesh, lOOmesh and120mesh, the120mesh has the best effect on chloride ion permeability resistance.
(2) The influence of scrap rubber powder on alkali-aggregate reaction is studied by the glass mortar bar method. The results indicate that the incorporation of scrap rubber powder could suppress the sample's expansion caused by alkali-aggregate reaction, the inhibition effect reaches ideal degree when the rubber mixing content is2.5%. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of80-mesh,100-mesh and120-mesh, the120-mesh has the best inhibition effect on alkali-aggregate reaction.
(3) The abrasion resistance of rubberized concrete is improved remarkly, and decreased with the increasing of W/C. With the increase of rubber powder, the abrasion resistance tends to decrease firstly and then increase. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of 80-mesh,100-mesh and120-mesh, the100-mesh has the best effect on abrasion resistance. The outcome of the study indicated there were not necessary relation between compressive strength and abrasion resistance.
(4) The influence of sulphate attack resistance on rubberized concrete is studied by wet-dry cycling method. Sulphate attack resistance of rubberized concrete is improved at the early stage and compressive strength is weakened sharply at the late stage. With the increase of rubber powder, resistance sulphate attack would be increased. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of100-mesh,120-mesh and150-mesh, the150-mesh has the best effect on sulphate attack resistance.
(5)The rubberized concrete demonstrates good adaptability on steam curing, frost resistance had no obvious decline. The bubble test shows steam curing has no effect on air content.
本课题组的前期研究成果显示,80-150目废旧轮胎橡胶颗粒掺加到水泥混凝土中,能起到“固体引气剂”的作用,可以大大提高混凝土的抗冻耐久性,适当的粒径和掺加搅拌工艺下,可以替代引气剂使用。本课题正是在前期研究基础上,继续对该粒径范围的橡胶颗粒水泥混凝土的其他耐久性能(包括抗氯离子渗透性能、碱骨料反应试验、耐磨性能、抗硫酸侵蚀试验、蒸养条件下的抗冻性)进行试验研究,完善了耐久性能,为掺废旧橡胶轮胎颗粒水泥混凝土在实际工程中的推广应用提供理论依据。
本文研究的成果主要有：
(1)RCM法与NEL法测出的橡胶混凝土氯离子扩散系数的变化规律基本相同,其氯离子扩散性能随水灰比的增大而下降；当掺入量超过10kg/m3时,其抗氯离子扩散性能下降；在80目、100目、120目橡胶粉粒径范围内,120目橡胶粉抗氯离子渗透性能最好。
(2)采用玻璃砂浆棒法研究了橡胶粉对碱骨料反应的影响。废旧橡胶颗粒可以有效地抑制试件的膨胀,其掺量为水泥质量的2.5%即可达到理想的效果。80目,100目,120目三种不同橡胶粉中,120目橡胶粉抑制碱骨料反应的效果最好。
(3)橡胶混凝土耐磨性能优于普通混凝土,其耐磨性能随水灰比的增大而减小；掺入橡胶粉后混凝土的耐磨性随着橡胶粉的掺量先提高后降低；80目,100目,120目三种不同橡胶粉中,100目橡胶粉耐磨性能效果最好,并分析出其耐磨性能与抗压强度并没有必然的联系。
(4)硫酸盐侵蚀采用干湿循环试验方法,橡胶混凝土抗硫酸侵蚀前期效果较普通混凝土好,后期强度急剧下降。随着橡胶粉掺量的增加,抗硫酸侵蚀能力会有所增强；100目,120目,150目三种不同橡胶粉中,150目抗硫酸盐侵蚀效果最好。
(5)橡胶混凝土较有良好的蒸养适应性,抗冻性能并未出现劣化,并通过硬化气泡信息试验得出蒸汽养护基本对含气量无大的影响。
Putting scrap rubber powders into cement concrete can improve a lot of properties, and also solve problem about a large number of waste rubber recycling. Experimental study on rubberized concrete will play a significant role in utilization resources, environmental protection and modified materials. Due to the relatively short history of rubberized concrete, the related experimental studies and theoretical analysis are not very mature, especially the performance in durability, which seriously hindered the widespread application of rubberized concrete.
The previous results of our research group show that putting scrap rubber powders into cement concrete can greatly enhance frost resistance. The effect of rubber powders is equal to adding air-entraining mixture, under the condition of right size and quantity. This topic which based on the previous studies continue to research other properties in durability(include chloride ion permeability resistance, alkali-aggregate reaction^abrasion resistance^sulphate attack resistance^freezing resistance under steam curing).Improving the durability can provide theoretical basis to widespread application of rubberized concrete.
The results of this paper are:
(1) This paper studies the chloride ions penetration resistance property of rubberized concrete based on RCM and NEL method, the variation is almost identical. The chloride ion permeability resistance of rubberized concrete decreased with the increasing of W/C; decreased when the contents of rubber powder get higher than lOkg/m; Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of80mesh, lOOmesh and120mesh, the120mesh has the best effect on chloride ion permeability resistance.
(2) The influence of scrap rubber powder on alkali-aggregate reaction is studied by the glass mortar bar method. The results indicate that the incorporation of scrap rubber powder could suppress the sample's expansion caused by alkali-aggregate reaction, the inhibition effect reaches ideal degree when the rubber mixing content is2.5%. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of80-mesh,100-mesh and120-mesh, the120-mesh has the best inhibition effect on alkali-aggregate reaction.
(3) The abrasion resistance of rubberized concrete is improved remarkly, and decreased with the increasing of W/C. With the increase of rubber powder, the abrasion resistance tends to decrease firstly and then increase. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of 80-mesh,100-mesh and120-mesh, the100-mesh has the best effect on abrasion resistance. The outcome of the study indicated there were not necessary relation between compressive strength and abrasion resistance.
(4) The influence of sulphate attack resistance on rubberized concrete is studied by wet-dry cycling method. Sulphate attack resistance of rubberized concrete is improved at the early stage and compressive strength is weakened sharply at the late stage. With the increase of rubber powder, resistance sulphate attack would be increased. Among three different rubber particles of the sizes of100-mesh,120-mesh and150-mesh, the150-mesh has the best effect on sulphate attack resistance.
(5)The rubberized concrete demonstrates good adaptability on steam curing, frost resistance had no obvious decline. The bubble test shows steam curing has no effect on air content.
引文
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