基于DSP无线数据传输系统设计与实现
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摘要
软件无线电是一种以现代通信理论为基础,以数字信号处理为核心,以微电子技术为支撑的无线通信体系结构[1][2]。可采用动态的软件编程对设备特性进行重配置,通过软件升级实现功能提高,是一种有效而且经济的解决方案。
π/4-DQPSK作为线性窄带数字调制方式,相位跳变小,频谱特性相对于其他PSK有较明显的改善。可快速获得同步,具有抗快衰落及抗多径干扰的能力[3],在移动通信和卫星通信中得到了广泛应用。
论文首先介绍了π/4-DQPSK技术的基本理论,着重说明π/4-DQPSK调制解调算法的原理及位同步实现的方法,并进行系统建模和原理仿真。接着设计一种基于低功耗DSP、CMX981、CMX992和CMX993组成的窄带无线通信系统。其中DSP实现信道编解码、同步提取及部分比特流处理等;CMX981实现低中频数字信号的滤波、抽取及内插等处理;CMX992和CMX993分别承担收发上下变频及射频放大等。系统由正交两路通道组成以提高频谱利用率,同时采用低电压工作,大幅降低系统功耗,适合便携式应用需求。
Software Defined Radio (SDR) is wireless communication system which based on communication, digital signal processing and micro-electronics technology. The devices configuration can be realized by means of software, and the functionality can be improved through software upgrade. Software defined radio technology provides an efficient and comparatively inexpensive solution.
π/4-DQPSK modulation is a linear narrowband technology which possesses features of high spectrum utilization ratio, better spectrum specification, stronger anti-fading and anti-jamming performance. So this modem method has been widely employed in mobile communication system, satellite communication system.
Firstly, the features ofπ/4-DQPSK technology was introduced generally and modulation/demodulation theory, bit synchronization implement approach ofπ/4-DQPSK are depicted in detail, the result of simulation is given in these chapter. Then a new design of full-duplex narrowband communication system based on DSP, CMX981, CMX992, CMX993 is introduced. Channel codecs, bit-streaming processing and synchronous extracting which can be implemented in DSP. Data extraction/interpolation and filter can be realized by CMX981. Meanwhile, transceiver up/down conversion and radio frequency amplification can be realized by CMX992 and CMX993. The system has the characteristics of low power, high spectrum utilization ratio, and supports portable application.
π/4-DQPSK作为线性窄带数字调制方式,相位跳变小,频谱特性相对于其他PSK有较明显的改善。可快速获得同步,具有抗快衰落及抗多径干扰的能力[3],在移动通信和卫星通信中得到了广泛应用。
论文首先介绍了π/4-DQPSK技术的基本理论,着重说明π/4-DQPSK调制解调算法的原理及位同步实现的方法,并进行系统建模和原理仿真。接着设计一种基于低功耗DSP、CMX981、CMX992和CMX993组成的窄带无线通信系统。其中DSP实现信道编解码、同步提取及部分比特流处理等;CMX981实现低中频数字信号的滤波、抽取及内插等处理;CMX992和CMX993分别承担收发上下变频及射频放大等。系统由正交两路通道组成以提高频谱利用率,同时采用低电压工作,大幅降低系统功耗,适合便携式应用需求。
Software Defined Radio (SDR) is wireless communication system which based on communication, digital signal processing and micro-electronics technology. The devices configuration can be realized by means of software, and the functionality can be improved through software upgrade. Software defined radio technology provides an efficient and comparatively inexpensive solution.
π/4-DQPSK modulation is a linear narrowband technology which possesses features of high spectrum utilization ratio, better spectrum specification, stronger anti-fading and anti-jamming performance. So this modem method has been widely employed in mobile communication system, satellite communication system.
Firstly, the features ofπ/4-DQPSK technology was introduced generally and modulation/demodulation theory, bit synchronization implement approach ofπ/4-DQPSK are depicted in detail, the result of simulation is given in these chapter. Then a new design of full-duplex narrowband communication system based on DSP, CMX981, CMX992, CMX993 is introduced. Channel codecs, bit-streaming processing and synchronous extracting which can be implemented in DSP. Data extraction/interpolation and filter can be realized by CMX981. Meanwhile, transceiver up/down conversion and radio frequency amplification can be realized by CMX992 and CMX993. The system has the characteristics of low power, high spectrum utilization ratio, and supports portable application.
引文
[1] Lacky R.J, Upmal D.W. Speakeasy:The military software radio[J]. IEEE Communication Magazine 1995, 3:56-61.
[2]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电技术与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社. 2010:9-42.
[3]郭梯云,邬国扬,李建东.移动通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社. 2000.
[4] Jeffery H.Reed. Software Radio:A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering[M].陈强译.北京:人民邮电出版社. 2004.
[5] Mitorla J. Software radio architecture:Object-oriented approaches to wireless system engineering[M].赵荣黎译.北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[6]潘子欣,刘毅.软件无线电的现状和发展趋势[J].广东科技. 2008, 3:33-34.
[7]王庭昌.软件无线电技术的回顾与展望[J].现代军事通信. 2007, 3:1-7.
[8]粟欣,许希斌.软件无线电原理与技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社. 2010.
[9] John G.Proakis. Digital Communications(Fourth Edition)[M].张力军,张宗橙,郑宝玉译.北京:电子工业出版社. 2004:395-416.
[10] Liu, C.-L, Feher, K.π/4-QPSK Modems for Satellite Sound/Data Broadcast Systems[J]. IEEE Trans. Broadcasting. 1991, 37(01):1-8.
[11]樊昌信,曹丽娜.通信原理(第六版)[M].北京:国防工业出版社. 2006.
[12]田耘,徐文波,张延伟.无线通信FPGA设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:1-15.
[13]周炯槃,庞沁华,续大我.通信原理(第3版)[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社. 2008.
[14] A.V.Oppenheim, R.W.Schafer, J.R.Buck.离散时间信号处理(第二版)[M].刘树棠,黄建国译.西安:西安交通大学出版社. 2001:352-412.
[15] Rulph Chassaing. DSP原理及其C编程开发技术[M].王华,张健等译.北京:电子工业出版社. 2005:79-119.
[16] Willian H. Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugan, Theodore S. Rappaport.通信系统仿真原理与无线应用[M].肖明波,杨光松,许芳译.北京:机械工业出版社. 2005:194-220.
[17] Kwon, H.M, Haghnegahdar, A.π/4-DQPSK signaling with baseband zero-crossing demodulator[J]. Global Telecommunications Conference. 1997(01):353-357.
[18]邓继禹,林基明.同步理论与技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2003.
[19]季仲梅,杨洪生,王大鸣,刘正军.通信中的同步技术及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2008.
[20]苗长云.现代通信原理及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:246-265.
[21] Franks ,L. Carrier and Bit Synchronization in Data Communication-A Tutorial Review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1980, 28(08):1107-1121.
[22] Gardner, F.M. A BPSK/QPSK Timing-Error Detector for Sampled Receivers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1986, 34(05):423-429.
[23]李滚,王瑞红,秦开宇,李文娟.一种改进的定时恢复方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报. 2009(07):46-50.
[24]赵行波,张海亮,贺光辉,周祖成.一种基于内插法符号同步电路的设计[J].微计算机信息. 2006(32):274-276.
[25]赵渝,郭见兵,陈东进.全数字接收机中定时恢复的研究[J].光通信研究. 2011(3):61-63.
[26] Carson K S Pun, Y C Wu, S C Chan. On the design and efficient implementation of the Farrow structure[J]. IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS. 2003,10(7).
[27] Wenzhen Li, Masayuki Tomaisawa. A modified transposed farrow solution to multipurpose multirate filtering in software defined radio[J]. IEEE Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. 2004(3):2725-2729.
[28]陈彩莲,于宏毅,沈采耀.采样率转换中Farrow滤波器实现结构研究[J].信息工程大学学报. 2009年.第3期第10卷.
[29]张盛耀.软件无线电中用于采样率速率转换的Farrow结构滤波器设计[J].广西通信技术. 2007:20-23.
[30] Oerder, M. Derivation of Gardner's Timing-Error Detector from the ML principle[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1987, 35(06):684-685.
[31] Gardner, Floyd M. Interpolation in Digital Modems-Part I: Fundamentals[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications.1993, 41(03):501-507.
[32]胡云,赵林靖,李建东.软件无线电中π/4-DQPSK突发信号位定时算法[J].电子科技. 2005(06).
[33]杨永齐,朱长根,冯文江.高速突发模式下π/4-DQPSK的相位捕获和跟踪[J].重庆大学学报. 2007(05).
[34]赵杭生,甘仲民,屈德新.π/4-DQPSK调制的快速位同步捕获和位同步跟踪[J].电子学报. 1999年.第4期第27卷.
[35]张网盛,郑继禹.锁相技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社. 2001.
[36] C. Britton Rorabaugh.无线通信系统仿真[M].王昕,关欣,马杰译. 2005:265-276.
[37]刘莉琛. DVB-C全数字QAM接收机定时同步模块设计及Verilog实现[硕士论文].成都:电子科技大学. 2004.
[38]赵洪亮,卜凡亮,黄鹤松,张仁彦. TMS320C55x DSP应用系统设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2008:184-322.
[39]汪春梅,孙洪波,任志刚. TMS320C5000系列DSP系统设计与开发流程[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2004.
[40] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320VC55x系列DSP的CPU与外设[M].彭启琮,武乐琴,张舰译.北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[41]张雄伟,陈亮,徐光辉. DSP集成开发与应用实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2002:42-81.
[42] Robert Oshana.嵌入式实时系统的DSP的软件开发技术[M].郑红,刘振强,王鹏译. 2011:187-210.
[43]陶伟. DSP嵌入式无线通信系统开发实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:239-256.
[44]代少升,黄俊,申敏,陈高强. TMS320C55x DSP原理及应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社. 2010:149-195
[45]邹彦,唐东,宁志刚. DSP原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2005.
[46]胡庆钟,李小刚,吴钰淳. TMS320C55x DSP原理、应用与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[47]支长义,程志平,陈书立,刘晓兰. DSP原理及开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006:179-222.
[48]高梅国,刘国满,田黎育.高速数字信号处理器结构与系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2009:72-110.
[49] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320VC5501/5502/5503/5507/5509/5510 DSP Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP) Reference Guide. SPRU592E. 2005.
[50] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C55x Chip Support Library API Reference Guide. SPRU433J. 2004.
[2]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电技术与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社. 2010:9-42.
[3]郭梯云,邬国扬,李建东.移动通信[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社. 2000.
[4] Jeffery H.Reed. Software Radio:A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering[M].陈强译.北京:人民邮电出版社. 2004.
[5] Mitorla J. Software radio architecture:Object-oriented approaches to wireless system engineering[M].赵荣黎译.北京:机械工业出版社. 2003.
[6]潘子欣,刘毅.软件无线电的现状和发展趋势[J].广东科技. 2008, 3:33-34.
[7]王庭昌.软件无线电技术的回顾与展望[J].现代军事通信. 2007, 3:1-7.
[8]粟欣,许希斌.软件无线电原理与技术[M].北京:人民邮电出版社. 2010.
[9] John G.Proakis. Digital Communications(Fourth Edition)[M].张力军,张宗橙,郑宝玉译.北京:电子工业出版社. 2004:395-416.
[10] Liu, C.-L, Feher, K.π/4-QPSK Modems for Satellite Sound/Data Broadcast Systems[J]. IEEE Trans. Broadcasting. 1991, 37(01):1-8.
[11]樊昌信,曹丽娜.通信原理(第六版)[M].北京:国防工业出版社. 2006.
[12]田耘,徐文波,张延伟.无线通信FPGA设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:1-15.
[13]周炯槃,庞沁华,续大我.通信原理(第3版)[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社. 2008.
[14] A.V.Oppenheim, R.W.Schafer, J.R.Buck.离散时间信号处理(第二版)[M].刘树棠,黄建国译.西安:西安交通大学出版社. 2001:352-412.
[15] Rulph Chassaing. DSP原理及其C编程开发技术[M].王华,张健等译.北京:电子工业出版社. 2005:79-119.
[16] Willian H. Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugan, Theodore S. Rappaport.通信系统仿真原理与无线应用[M].肖明波,杨光松,许芳译.北京:机械工业出版社. 2005:194-220.
[17] Kwon, H.M, Haghnegahdar, A.π/4-DQPSK signaling with baseband zero-crossing demodulator[J]. Global Telecommunications Conference. 1997(01):353-357.
[18]邓继禹,林基明.同步理论与技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社.2003.
[19]季仲梅,杨洪生,王大鸣,刘正军.通信中的同步技术及应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2008.
[20]苗长云.现代通信原理及应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:246-265.
[21] Franks ,L. Carrier and Bit Synchronization in Data Communication-A Tutorial Review[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1980, 28(08):1107-1121.
[22] Gardner, F.M. A BPSK/QPSK Timing-Error Detector for Sampled Receivers[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1986, 34(05):423-429.
[23]李滚,王瑞红,秦开宇,李文娟.一种改进的定时恢复方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报. 2009(07):46-50.
[24]赵行波,张海亮,贺光辉,周祖成.一种基于内插法符号同步电路的设计[J].微计算机信息. 2006(32):274-276.
[25]赵渝,郭见兵,陈东进.全数字接收机中定时恢复的研究[J].光通信研究. 2011(3):61-63.
[26] Carson K S Pun, Y C Wu, S C Chan. On the design and efficient implementation of the Farrow structure[J]. IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS. 2003,10(7).
[27] Wenzhen Li, Masayuki Tomaisawa. A modified transposed farrow solution to multipurpose multirate filtering in software defined radio[J]. IEEE Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. 2004(3):2725-2729.
[28]陈彩莲,于宏毅,沈采耀.采样率转换中Farrow滤波器实现结构研究[J].信息工程大学学报. 2009年.第3期第10卷.
[29]张盛耀.软件无线电中用于采样率速率转换的Farrow结构滤波器设计[J].广西通信技术. 2007:20-23.
[30] Oerder, M. Derivation of Gardner's Timing-Error Detector from the ML principle[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications. 1987, 35(06):684-685.
[31] Gardner, Floyd M. Interpolation in Digital Modems-Part I: Fundamentals[J]. IEEE Transactions on Communications.1993, 41(03):501-507.
[32]胡云,赵林靖,李建东.软件无线电中π/4-DQPSK突发信号位定时算法[J].电子科技. 2005(06).
[33]杨永齐,朱长根,冯文江.高速突发模式下π/4-DQPSK的相位捕获和跟踪[J].重庆大学学报. 2007(05).
[34]赵杭生,甘仲民,屈德新.π/4-DQPSK调制的快速位同步捕获和位同步跟踪[J].电子学报. 1999年.第4期第27卷.
[35]张网盛,郑继禹.锁相技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社. 2001.
[36] C. Britton Rorabaugh.无线通信系统仿真[M].王昕,关欣,马杰译. 2005:265-276.
[37]刘莉琛. DVB-C全数字QAM接收机定时同步模块设计及Verilog实现[硕士论文].成都:电子科技大学. 2004.
[38]赵洪亮,卜凡亮,黄鹤松,张仁彦. TMS320C55x DSP应用系统设计[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2008:184-322.
[39]汪春梅,孙洪波,任志刚. TMS320C5000系列DSP系统设计与开发流程[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2004.
[40] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320VC55x系列DSP的CPU与外设[M].彭启琮,武乐琴,张舰译.北京:清华大学出版社. 2005.
[41]张雄伟,陈亮,徐光辉. DSP集成开发与应用实例[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2002:42-81.
[42] Robert Oshana.嵌入式实时系统的DSP的软件开发技术[M].郑红,刘振强,王鹏译. 2011:187-210.
[43]陶伟. DSP嵌入式无线通信系统开发实例精讲[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2009:239-256.
[44]代少升,黄俊,申敏,陈高强. TMS320C55x DSP原理及应用[M].北京:高等教育出版社. 2010:149-195
[45]邹彦,唐东,宁志刚. DSP原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社. 2005.
[46]胡庆钟,李小刚,吴钰淳. TMS320C55x DSP原理、应用与设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005.
[47]支长义,程志平,陈书立,刘晓兰. DSP原理及开发应用[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2006:179-222.
[48]高梅国,刘国满,田黎育.高速数字信号处理器结构与系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社. 2009:72-110.
[49] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320VC5501/5502/5503/5507/5509/5510 DSP Multichannel Buffered Serial Port (McBSP) Reference Guide. SPRU592E. 2005.
[50] Texas Instruments Incorporated. TMS320C55x Chip Support Library API Reference Guide. SPRU433J. 2004.