图形化的发电厂故障分析与继电保护整定综合系统
摘要
发电厂保护整定工作非常重要，但它的工作量大且过程繁杂，目前保护整定依然停留在人工手算阶段，这具有不可克服的缺陷。为此福建省调度通信中心决定开发“图形化的发电厂故障分析与保护整定综合系统”，该系统由图形建模、故障分析、保护整定与数据管理四个模块组成，本文对图形建模的设计与实现进行了详细的介绍。
实现发电厂的图形化，有利于对抽象原理及过程的理解，便于使用，所以图形建模实现的好坏是评价该软件开发工作的主要指标。实现图形建模要解决图形与数据的关联与拓扑分析这两个问题，这也是图形建模的难点所在。
本次设计以Delphi6.0为开发工具，利用面向对象语言中类的概念，可以将电厂设备实现为Delphi6.0的控件类，即本文中所定义的 “图元”类。这样对电厂中的每一类设备都可以依据其特性，定义一个与其对应的图元类，通过对图元类型对应的设备图形、属性及编辑操作进行封装，较好地解决了数据与图形的关联这一问题。在设计好图元之后，进而可以方便地实现系统图的建立与编辑，并为序网图的形成打下良好的基础。
为了能快速形成系统的拓扑结构分析，在本系统中为不同类型图元设备设置了对应数目的“连接点”，通过判断不同图元连接点的关系，圆满地解决了拓扑分析难题；同时还在完成拓扑分析的基础上，较好地实现了发变组与设备连接判断功能。
作为一个软件，仅具有上述功能是不完整的，还需要实现常用的编辑操作及对系统图本身进行相关设置和操作。设计时通过继承与调用Delphi6.0自带单元中定义的类与方法，基本上实现了这些功能。同时该模块作为用户与本系统的计算机接口，除了完成系统图的建立之外，还必须对设备电气参数进行归算，使之满足故障分析与保护整定的要求；要能提供进入故障分析与保护整定模块的接口，完成系统地连接功能；最后为了能正确处理设备的有关参数，本文还介绍了在进行故障分析时将设备参数进行转化的工程处理办法，具有很强的实际意义。
到目前为止，本软件已经能进行试算，各项指标基本达到要求。
The relay regulation of power plant is very important, its workload is too heavy and the process is miscellaneous. The computation of regulation is still completed by hand at present. The restriction is obvious. In order to release people from the sterile computation, the electricity power operation center decided to develop visual fault analysis and relay regulation platform of power plant. The platform consists of power plant modeling, fault analysis, relay regulation and data management. This paper will talk about the first module in details.
Visual power plant graphics will do good to understand the abstract principles and process. Modeling is the core of the system. it requires to solve two problems, one is the relation of graphics and its data, the other is network topology.
The project uses Delphi6.0 as developing tool, because the definition of class is very helpful, then the concept of graphic unit is also introduced, it is easy to take the device in power plant as a control in Delphi6.0. So the devices can be defined as a graphic class individually. The graphic, property and edit are all encapsulated in it. By this way, the first difficulty disappears. After the establishment of graphic unit, it is easy to create and edit the graphic of power plant.
In order to get the topology of power plant, the joint is defined in the graphic unit. The relations between different joints can answer the second problem. The unit and whether the connection between devices is right or not can be judged easily.
The functions talked above are not enough to software, the common used edit method and the setup of power plant graphics are also required, they can be realized by inheriting and refer to the method in the units of Delphi6.0. As the interface of user and system, except the function of graphic creation it still requires to convert the original data to make it meet the demand of fault analysis
and relay regulation, and provide interface to enter the module of analysis and relay regulation to compete the connection of whole system. Finally, the way to deal with the data of device is also introduced.
实现发电厂的图形化，有利于对抽象原理及过程的理解，便于使用，所以图形建模实现的好坏是评价该软件开发工作的主要指标。实现图形建模要解决图形与数据的关联与拓扑分析这两个问题，这也是图形建模的难点所在。
本次设计以Delphi6.0为开发工具，利用面向对象语言中类的概念，可以将电厂设备实现为Delphi6.0的控件类，即本文中所定义的 “图元”类。这样对电厂中的每一类设备都可以依据其特性，定义一个与其对应的图元类，通过对图元类型对应的设备图形、属性及编辑操作进行封装，较好地解决了数据与图形的关联这一问题。在设计好图元之后，进而可以方便地实现系统图的建立与编辑，并为序网图的形成打下良好的基础。
为了能快速形成系统的拓扑结构分析，在本系统中为不同类型图元设备设置了对应数目的“连接点”，通过判断不同图元连接点的关系，圆满地解决了拓扑分析难题；同时还在完成拓扑分析的基础上，较好地实现了发变组与设备连接判断功能。
作为一个软件，仅具有上述功能是不完整的，还需要实现常用的编辑操作及对系统图本身进行相关设置和操作。设计时通过继承与调用Delphi6.0自带单元中定义的类与方法，基本上实现了这些功能。同时该模块作为用户与本系统的计算机接口，除了完成系统图的建立之外，还必须对设备电气参数进行归算，使之满足故障分析与保护整定的要求；要能提供进入故障分析与保护整定模块的接口，完成系统地连接功能；最后为了能正确处理设备的有关参数，本文还介绍了在进行故障分析时将设备参数进行转化的工程处理办法，具有很强的实际意义。
到目前为止，本软件已经能进行试算，各项指标基本达到要求。
The relay regulation of power plant is very important, its workload is too heavy and the process is miscellaneous. The computation of regulation is still completed by hand at present. The restriction is obvious. In order to release people from the sterile computation, the electricity power operation center decided to develop visual fault analysis and relay regulation platform of power plant. The platform consists of power plant modeling, fault analysis, relay regulation and data management. This paper will talk about the first module in details.
Visual power plant graphics will do good to understand the abstract principles and process. Modeling is the core of the system. it requires to solve two problems, one is the relation of graphics and its data, the other is network topology.
The project uses Delphi6.0 as developing tool, because the definition of class is very helpful, then the concept of graphic unit is also introduced, it is easy to take the device in power plant as a control in Delphi6.0. So the devices can be defined as a graphic class individually. The graphic, property and edit are all encapsulated in it. By this way, the first difficulty disappears. After the establishment of graphic unit, it is easy to create and edit the graphic of power plant.
In order to get the topology of power plant, the joint is defined in the graphic unit. The relations between different joints can answer the second problem. The unit and whether the connection between devices is right or not can be judged easily.
The functions talked above are not enough to software, the common used edit method and the setup of power plant graphics are also required, they can be realized by inheriting and refer to the method in the units of Delphi6.0. As the interface of user and system, except the function of graphic creation it still requires to convert the original data to make it meet the demand of fault analysis
and relay regulation, and provide interface to enter the module of analysis and relay regulation to compete the connection of whole system. Finally, the way to deal with the data of device is also introduced.
引文
[1] 陈亚民.电力系统计算程序及其实现.北京:中国电力出版社,1998.1-10
[2] 罗光春.Delphi5从入门到精通.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2001.108-129
[3] 可视化的发电厂故障分析与保护整定综合系统鉴定资料.浙江省电力局中心调度所,2000.
[4] Object Pascal Language Guide. www.borland.com.
[5] Developer's Guide. www.borland.com
[6] 罗小双.轻松掌握Delphi4.北京.电子工业出版社,1999.
[7] A.J.沃兹涅维茨,N.沙马斯.Delphi程序员指南.北京.科学出版社,1997.
[8]同志工作室.Delphi5API函数开发实例.北京.人民邮电出版社,2001
[9]网冠科技.Delphi6.0多媒体时尚编程百例.北京.机械工业出版社,2001
[10] 网冠科技.Delphi6.0控件时尚编程百例.北京.机械工业出版社,2001
[2] 罗光春.Delphi5从入门到精通.成都:电子科技大学出版社,2001.108-129
[3] 可视化的发电厂故障分析与保护整定综合系统鉴定资料.浙江省电力局中心调度所,2000.
[4] Object Pascal Language Guide. www.borland.com.
[5] Developer's Guide. www.borland.com
[6] 罗小双.轻松掌握Delphi4.北京.电子工业出版社,1999.
[7] A.J.沃兹涅维茨,N.沙马斯.Delphi程序员指南.北京.科学出版社,1997.
[8]同志工作室.Delphi5API函数开发实例.北京.人民邮电出版社,2001
[9]网冠科技.Delphi6.0多媒体时尚编程百例.北京.机械工业出版社,2001
[10] 网冠科技.Delphi6.0控件时尚编程百例.北京.机械工业出版社,2001