拥挤状态下区域间交通协同策略研究
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摘要
城市交通系统是一个非常复杂的庞大系统。城市交通控制和交通流诱导是城市交通管理中的两大主要途径,二者的协同是现代交通管理的发展方向。城市交通流诱导可以对控制无能为力的路段堵塞、拥挤现象、突发的交通事件通过合理的导航,减少流经拥挤路段的交通流量,从而减轻交通堵塞。目前大多数城市采用的交通信号控制系统是分区域进行控制,由区域控制中心制定本区域的控制策略,区域与区域之间是相互独立的。随着城市规模的不断扩大,交通流量的不断增加,城市大范围交通管理系统应加速区域整合、重视区域与区域之间交通控制优化。
论文首先分析了城市交通拥挤的现状和区域间交通协同的必要性,总结了国内外关于交通控制与诱导协同的模型和算法。对于发生交通拥挤的区域,大范围交通控制中心处于战略位置统筹安排,将拥挤区域及其相关区域看成一个控制对象,进行交通控制和诱导的协同,达到城市大范围的交通控制效益整体最优。根据城市交通区域拥挤路段的空间分布情况,区域协同策略分为拥挤区域边界协同策略和拥挤区域间协同策略。在拥挤区域边界协同策略制定时要根据区域边界的类型选择相应的区域边界协同策略。
最后利用VISSIM软件对城市大范围内区域间交通协同策略进行模拟验证。结果表明,在城市大范围交通系统中对拥挤区域进行区域间交通协同具有较强的实用性。
This dissertation is depends on the country“863”the project“the new generation intellectualization traffic control system key technologies research and development”(Project number:2006AA11Z228)
The municipal transportation control and hands over the throughflow induction is in the municipal transportation management two big principal means and the management way, the two's coordination is the modern traffic control development direction. But used at present the traffic signal control system is divides the region to carry on the control, between the region and the region is independent does not carry on the regional control policy mutually coordinated. The independent operation's zone control center formulates the home court territory control policy. Along with the traffic signal control technology's unceasing progress, boundary traffic flow's unceasing increase, this urgent needs raises between the region and the region transportation coordinated question the program.
This article first reviewed the traffic control and the transportation induction coordination in the domestic and foreign historical development and the research present situation. With handed over the throughflow inducible system's action mechanism from the region traffic control to obtain, to analyze the region traffic control system with to hand over the throughflow inducible system's relatedness, has been clear about the region coordination necessity and the characteristic. In already obtained the experience, in the achievement foundation studies under the crowded condition the region coordination question The concrete research content is as follows:
( 1 ) Analyzed area coordination object. In the urban wide range's transportation induction and the traffic control coordination, its coordination's object is the transportation region. Introduced with emphasis the region traffic control system's characteristic, then has constructed the wide range traffic control system frame, was clear about the wide range traffic control center to be in the strategic location to provide the control policy for each region. The region in should first carry out the wide range control policy and the induction strategy to the subsegment. Then summarized the domestic and foreign related coordination research results in detail, introduced with emphasis the coordination the model algorithm and the coordination pattern, the region coordination strategy's formulation provide the basis for the wide range traffic control system in.
(2)Forecast Region traffic congestion condition. First divides into unimpeded the region transportation condition, slight crowded, crowded, blocks four kinds. Region traffic congestion including in region boundary traffic congestion and region traffic congestion. Good management games should be able along with the concrete transportation condition change, but real-time change. When the forecast crowds its possible trend of development is influential to the neighboring region, only then needs in the wide range to the region to carry on coordinated. Therefore crowded and the crowded area of influence carries on the estimate to the region coordination's prerequisite region, carries on the analysis to the region traffic congestion trend of development. Then conducts the region coordination strategy research in view of the traffic congestion region
(3)Analyzed area coordination strategy. Pointed out that the region crowded attribute difference, the coordination should use the different pattern, and according to concrete coordination pattern creation coordination model. Regarding the traffic congestion regional coordination strategy, the wide range traffic control center is in the strategic location overall plan arrangement. Regards as a controlled member the entire road network, after-crops the control policy for each region, and is coordinated the crowded region as well as the region boundary strategy, achieves the wide range the traffic control benefit whole to be most superior. Region coordination strategy respectively be region boundary coordination and regional coordination strategy.
(4)Studies under the crowded condition the region boundary coordination strategy. The region boundary is between the region road section or several road intersection composition subsegment. The region boundary has connected two region important land sectors, the region boundary coordinated quality immediate influence to the region import's and export's control state. The crowded region boundary coordination model is mainly is through realizes to the region boundary coordination control and the induction as the cooperative system merit energy level distinction modelling. The urban main yang or male principle is the quite common region boundary, this article establishes the double-decked coordination optimization to complete between the subsegment to be coordinated the variable to raise path's use efficiency, can cause the vehicles to assign balanced in the path network, the traffic congestion phenomenon is improved. The region boundary coordinates when considers the boundary the special details formulation corresponding coordination strategy, when region boundary for urban main yang or male principle, must carry on the skeleton line coordination in the wide range.
(5)Studies under the crowded condition the regional coordination strategy. The article mainly conducts the research to a region traffic loading oversized situation. If some region occurs crowded, regards as a controlled member this region and the related region, take as soon as possible eliminates crowded as a goal, coordinated region traffic control strategy. The wide range uses the imbalance induction suitably in the crowded region the way, will use the wide range the inducible system prompt relief of traffic the surplus volume of traffic to induce this region, guaranteed that the region internal transportation will be unimpeded, achieves the wide range the traffic control benefit whole to be most superior. Finally, selects the VISSIM simulation software to carry on the confirmation to the regional coordination question. Coordinates the region take Changchun's road network as the background establishment, the analysis analogue result may see, under the region coordination plan the crowded region crowded dissipation is quite quick, region each target improves compared to the non-coordination situation, carries on the control and the induction coordination can make the remarkable progress.
Finally, the paper to the work which did has carried on the summary, has analyzed the progress which and the achievement the research institute obtained, and question which discovered according to the research, had pointed out waits for direction which further studied.
论文首先分析了城市交通拥挤的现状和区域间交通协同的必要性,总结了国内外关于交通控制与诱导协同的模型和算法。对于发生交通拥挤的区域,大范围交通控制中心处于战略位置统筹安排,将拥挤区域及其相关区域看成一个控制对象,进行交通控制和诱导的协同,达到城市大范围的交通控制效益整体最优。根据城市交通区域拥挤路段的空间分布情况,区域协同策略分为拥挤区域边界协同策略和拥挤区域间协同策略。在拥挤区域边界协同策略制定时要根据区域边界的类型选择相应的区域边界协同策略。
最后利用VISSIM软件对城市大范围内区域间交通协同策略进行模拟验证。结果表明,在城市大范围交通系统中对拥挤区域进行区域间交通协同具有较强的实用性。
This dissertation is depends on the country“863”the project“the new generation intellectualization traffic control system key technologies research and development”(Project number:2006AA11Z228)
The municipal transportation control and hands over the throughflow induction is in the municipal transportation management two big principal means and the management way, the two's coordination is the modern traffic control development direction. But used at present the traffic signal control system is divides the region to carry on the control, between the region and the region is independent does not carry on the regional control policy mutually coordinated. The independent operation's zone control center formulates the home court territory control policy. Along with the traffic signal control technology's unceasing progress, boundary traffic flow's unceasing increase, this urgent needs raises between the region and the region transportation coordinated question the program.
This article first reviewed the traffic control and the transportation induction coordination in the domestic and foreign historical development and the research present situation. With handed over the throughflow inducible system's action mechanism from the region traffic control to obtain, to analyze the region traffic control system with to hand over the throughflow inducible system's relatedness, has been clear about the region coordination necessity and the characteristic. In already obtained the experience, in the achievement foundation studies under the crowded condition the region coordination question The concrete research content is as follows:
( 1 ) Analyzed area coordination object. In the urban wide range's transportation induction and the traffic control coordination, its coordination's object is the transportation region. Introduced with emphasis the region traffic control system's characteristic, then has constructed the wide range traffic control system frame, was clear about the wide range traffic control center to be in the strategic location to provide the control policy for each region. The region in should first carry out the wide range control policy and the induction strategy to the subsegment. Then summarized the domestic and foreign related coordination research results in detail, introduced with emphasis the coordination the model algorithm and the coordination pattern, the region coordination strategy's formulation provide the basis for the wide range traffic control system in.
(2)Forecast Region traffic congestion condition. First divides into unimpeded the region transportation condition, slight crowded, crowded, blocks four kinds. Region traffic congestion including in region boundary traffic congestion and region traffic congestion. Good management games should be able along with the concrete transportation condition change, but real-time change. When the forecast crowds its possible trend of development is influential to the neighboring region, only then needs in the wide range to the region to carry on coordinated. Therefore crowded and the crowded area of influence carries on the estimate to the region coordination's prerequisite region, carries on the analysis to the region traffic congestion trend of development. Then conducts the region coordination strategy research in view of the traffic congestion region
(3)Analyzed area coordination strategy. Pointed out that the region crowded attribute difference, the coordination should use the different pattern, and according to concrete coordination pattern creation coordination model. Regarding the traffic congestion regional coordination strategy, the wide range traffic control center is in the strategic location overall plan arrangement. Regards as a controlled member the entire road network, after-crops the control policy for each region, and is coordinated the crowded region as well as the region boundary strategy, achieves the wide range the traffic control benefit whole to be most superior. Region coordination strategy respectively be region boundary coordination and regional coordination strategy.
(4)Studies under the crowded condition the region boundary coordination strategy. The region boundary is between the region road section or several road intersection composition subsegment. The region boundary has connected two region important land sectors, the region boundary coordinated quality immediate influence to the region import's and export's control state. The crowded region boundary coordination model is mainly is through realizes to the region boundary coordination control and the induction as the cooperative system merit energy level distinction modelling. The urban main yang or male principle is the quite common region boundary, this article establishes the double-decked coordination optimization to complete between the subsegment to be coordinated the variable to raise path's use efficiency, can cause the vehicles to assign balanced in the path network, the traffic congestion phenomenon is improved. The region boundary coordinates when considers the boundary the special details formulation corresponding coordination strategy, when region boundary for urban main yang or male principle, must carry on the skeleton line coordination in the wide range.
(5)Studies under the crowded condition the regional coordination strategy. The article mainly conducts the research to a region traffic loading oversized situation. If some region occurs crowded, regards as a controlled member this region and the related region, take as soon as possible eliminates crowded as a goal, coordinated region traffic control strategy. The wide range uses the imbalance induction suitably in the crowded region the way, will use the wide range the inducible system prompt relief of traffic the surplus volume of traffic to induce this region, guaranteed that the region internal transportation will be unimpeded, achieves the wide range the traffic control benefit whole to be most superior. Finally, selects the VISSIM simulation software to carry on the confirmation to the regional coordination question. Coordinates the region take Changchun's road network as the background establishment, the analysis analogue result may see, under the region coordination plan the crowded region crowded dissipation is quite quick, region each target improves compared to the non-coordination situation, carries on the control and the induction coordination can make the remarkable progress.
Finally, the paper to the work which did has carried on the summary, has analyzed the progress which and the achievement the research institute obtained, and question which discovered according to the research, had pointed out waits for direction which further studied.
引文
[1] 朱振荣.北京开征交通拥挤费的政策探析 一项侧重有效性及困难性的研究 [J].北京工商大学学报.2007.22.05:108
[2] B.M.Gray, L.Ibbetson. Operational Traffic Control Strategies for Congestion [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. February, 1991:60
[3] T.V.Vuren, D.Lenonard. Urban Congestion Caused by Incidents [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. July, 1994:422-429
[4] M.O.Ghali, M.j.Smith. Designing Time of day Signal Plans Which Reduce Urban Traffic Congestion [J]. Ttaffic Engineering & Contral. December, 1994:62-67
[5] G. Scemama.CLAIRE: An Independent AI based Supervisor for the Congestion Management [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. November, 1995 :604-612
[6] M.C.Bell.The fundamental Issues of An Expert System for Urban Traffic Contral [C].IEE Colloquiumon Application of Expert Systeminran Sportation,London, December,1997:1-6
[7] P.Roberg.The Development and Dispersal of Area Wide Traffic Jams[J].Traffic Engineering&Control.June,1994:379-384
[8] Bretherton,David.TrafficMonitoring and Congestion management in The SCOOT Traffic Control System[J].Trasportation Research Record . November ,1998:118-122
[9] 安实,王健,徐亚国.城市智能交通管理技术与应用[M].北京:科学出版社 2005,第 1 版:1-2.
[10] 杨进峰.城市交通流诱导系统及关键技术研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文.2004.06
[11] 保丽霞,杨兆升,朱国华.交通信号控制与交通流诱导的多级协同运作机理分析[J].第六届全国交通运输领域青年学术会议. 2005.08:697-700
[12] 马寿峰,李艳君,贺国光.城市交通控制与诱导协调模式的系统分析[J].管理科学学报. 2003.06.03:45-52
[13] 聂方,张子轩.城市交通管理控制与诱导系统的协同关系[J].道路交通与安全.2006.03:26-36
[14] Allsop R.H.Some Psiibilities for Uing Taffic Cntrol to Ifluence Tip Dstribution and Rute Coice[J]. Ntional Smposium on Taffic and tTansportation theory,1974
[15] Gartner, Nathan. H, Stamatiadis. Integration of Dynamic Traffic Assignment with Real-Time Traffic Adaptive Control System [J].Transportation Research Record,1998:150-155
[16] Haitham M.Al-Deek,A Combined Traveler Behavior and System Performance Model with Advanced Traveler Information Systems [J]. Transportation Science, December,1998:479-493
[17] 周溪召.实时交通控制和交通分配整合的研究进展[J] .上海海运学院报.2002.09:32‐38
[18] 保丽霞.基于信息集成的城市交通流诱导与交通控制协同的关键理论及技术研究[D],吉林大学博士学位论文,2006.06
[19] M.J.Smith, T.Van.Vuren, B.GHeydeckeer, D.Van.Vliet. The interaction Between Signal Control Policies and Route Choice [C]. Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, 1987:319-338
[20] Y Sheffi, and W.B.Powell. Optimal signal settings over transportation networks [J] Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol.109, No.6,1983:824-839
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[22] M.J.Smith, T.Van.Vuren. Traffic equilibrium with responsive traffic control [J] Transportation Science, 1993.11:118-132
[23] M.J.Smith, Traffic signals in assignment [J]. Transportation Research, Vol. 19B, No 2, 1985:155-160
[24] 杨兆升,保丽霞,王彦新,刘新杰.城市交通流诱导与交通控制系统协同研究综述[J] .中国科技论文在线,2005.09
[25] 徐立群.城市交通流诱导与控制一体化理论和模型研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学,1999 78
[26] 王亮,马寿峰,贺国光.一种交通控制与诱导递阶协调优化模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,24(6):126‐133
[27] 殷亚峰,陆化普.动态用户均衡分配的变分不等式模型[C].97 北京智能交通系统发展趋势国际学术研讨会论文集,1997:87‐95
[28] 周八益,李琰,周溪召.动态交通控制-交通分配组合模型的求解算法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2003,3(1):55‐61
[29] 杨超,杨佩昆.均衡网络下交通控制策略的研究[J].中国公路学报,1999,12:90‐94
[30] 徐建闽,许伦辉,撒元功.交叉口有交通信号控制时用户最优动态配流模型[J].控制理论与应用,2000,17(1):117‐120
[31] 杨兆升.智能运输系统概论[M] .北京:人民交通出版社, 2003 年 1 月第1版:78-79
[32] 陆化普. 智能运输系统[M] .北京:人民交通出版社,2002 年 1 月第 1 版:112-116
[33] De Leuw, Cather&Company. Advance [R]. Illinois Department of Transportation October 23, 1996
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[35] 姜贵艳.道路交通状态判别技术应用[M] .北京:人民交通出版社,2003 年 1月第 1 版
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[2] B.M.Gray, L.Ibbetson. Operational Traffic Control Strategies for Congestion [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. February, 1991:60
[3] T.V.Vuren, D.Lenonard. Urban Congestion Caused by Incidents [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. July, 1994:422-429
[4] M.O.Ghali, M.j.Smith. Designing Time of day Signal Plans Which Reduce Urban Traffic Congestion [J]. Ttaffic Engineering & Contral. December, 1994:62-67
[5] G. Scemama.CLAIRE: An Independent AI based Supervisor for the Congestion Management [J]. Traffic Engineering & Control. November, 1995 :604-612
[6] M.C.Bell.The fundamental Issues of An Expert System for Urban Traffic Contral [C].IEE Colloquiumon Application of Expert Systeminran Sportation,London, December,1997:1-6
[7] P.Roberg.The Development and Dispersal of Area Wide Traffic Jams[J].Traffic Engineering&Control.June,1994:379-384
[8] Bretherton,David.TrafficMonitoring and Congestion management in The SCOOT Traffic Control System[J].Trasportation Research Record . November ,1998:118-122
[9] 安实,王健,徐亚国.城市智能交通管理技术与应用[M].北京:科学出版社 2005,第 1 版:1-2.
[10] 杨进峰.城市交通流诱导系统及关键技术研究[D].武汉理工大学博士学位论文.2004.06
[11] 保丽霞,杨兆升,朱国华.交通信号控制与交通流诱导的多级协同运作机理分析[J].第六届全国交通运输领域青年学术会议. 2005.08:697-700
[12] 马寿峰,李艳君,贺国光.城市交通控制与诱导协调模式的系统分析[J].管理科学学报. 2003.06.03:45-52
[13] 聂方,张子轩.城市交通管理控制与诱导系统的协同关系[J].道路交通与安全.2006.03:26-36
[14] Allsop R.H.Some Psiibilities for Uing Taffic Cntrol to Ifluence Tip Dstribution and Rute Coice[J]. Ntional Smposium on Taffic and tTansportation theory,1974
[15] Gartner, Nathan. H, Stamatiadis. Integration of Dynamic Traffic Assignment with Real-Time Traffic Adaptive Control System [J].Transportation Research Record,1998:150-155
[16] Haitham M.Al-Deek,A Combined Traveler Behavior and System Performance Model with Advanced Traveler Information Systems [J]. Transportation Science, December,1998:479-493
[17] 周溪召.实时交通控制和交通分配整合的研究进展[J] .上海海运学院报.2002.09:32‐38
[18] 保丽霞.基于信息集成的城市交通流诱导与交通控制协同的关键理论及技术研究[D],吉林大学博士学位论文,2006.06
[19] M.J.Smith, T.Van.Vuren, B.GHeydeckeer, D.Van.Vliet. The interaction Between Signal Control Policies and Route Choice [C]. Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, 1987:319-338
[20] Y Sheffi, and W.B.Powell. Optimal signal settings over transportation networks [J] Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol.109, No.6,1983:824-839
[21] 李艳君.基于博弈论的交通控制与诱导一体化模型的研究[D] .天津大学硕士学位论文,2003.01
[22] M.J.Smith, T.Van.Vuren. Traffic equilibrium with responsive traffic control [J] Transportation Science, 1993.11:118-132
[23] M.J.Smith, Traffic signals in assignment [J]. Transportation Research, Vol. 19B, No 2, 1985:155-160
[24] 杨兆升,保丽霞,王彦新,刘新杰.城市交通流诱导与交通控制系统协同研究综述[J] .中国科技论文在线,2005.09
[25] 徐立群.城市交通流诱导与控制一体化理论和模型研究[D].长春:吉林工业大学,1999 78
[26] 王亮,马寿峰,贺国光.一种交通控制与诱导递阶协调优化模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,2004,24(6):126‐133
[27] 殷亚峰,陆化普.动态用户均衡分配的变分不等式模型[C].97 北京智能交通系统发展趋势国际学术研讨会论文集,1997:87‐95
[28] 周八益,李琰,周溪召.动态交通控制-交通分配组合模型的求解算法研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2003,3(1):55‐61
[29] 杨超,杨佩昆.均衡网络下交通控制策略的研究[J].中国公路学报,1999,12:90‐94
[30] 徐建闽,许伦辉,撒元功.交叉口有交通信号控制时用户最优动态配流模型[J].控制理论与应用,2000,17(1):117‐120
[31] 杨兆升.智能运输系统概论[M] .北京:人民交通出版社, 2003 年 1 月第1版:78-79
[32] 陆化普. 智能运输系统[M] .北京:人民交通出版社,2002 年 1 月第 1 版:112-116
[33] De Leuw, Cather&Company. Advance [R]. Illinois Department of Transportation October 23, 1996
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