宽板轧制过程金属变形规律的有限元法研究
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摘要
冷轧板带材作为一种工业原材料在国民经济各部门都有着重要的用途。随着钢材加工和成形工业生产由手动控制向高度自动化系统控制的发展,企业和用户对轧材几何形状和力学性能的精确性要求也越来越高。因此,进行更为深入的理论研究,提高科学水平,从而提高产品质量和市场竞争力就显得极为迫切。
     本文主要工作是基于宝钢2030冷连轧机第一机架轧制参数进行的系统建模,运用弹塑性有限元方法研究了这个具有较大宽厚比情况下的宽板轧制过程,在考虑轧辊弹性变形的前提下分析了各种轧制条件如来料厚度、宽度、辊径、辊凸度、摩擦系数、压下率、张力的变化给轧制过程中金属变形和受力情况带来的影响的一般规律。为类似的宽板轧制中轧辊和轧件的耦合变形分析提供了参考和依据。其次,在有限元软件平台上通过对带凸度辊轧制平板和平辊轧制带凸度板材这两种轧制过程的研究分析了两类典型板形缺陷——中浪和边浪产生的一般机理。然后对起浪的带钢建立了有限元模型通过计算机模拟了施加张力时带钢的拉平过程,得出了起浪带钢在张力作用下发生屈曲变形的一般规律。
     最后通过与现场调研数据的对比计算和与实验的间接验证,说明了前述工作和所建立的有限元模型的正确性与可靠性。
Cold rolling strip plays an important role in the domestic economy. With the development of steel processing and shaped industry from manual control to highly automatization system control. Corporation and consumer put a more and more precise demand on the geometry shape, mechanics performance of strip. Therefore carrying through a deeply theory research, advancing science level, and so that improve the product quality and market competition is become imminence.
    This thesis mainly base on the rolling parameter of the first stand of the 2030 cold continuous rolling mill of Bao Steel and build a system model. Using the elastic-plastic finite element method to research such a broad strip rolling process with a preferably width-thickness ratio. Under the condition of calculating the elastic deformation of roller, the general law of metal deformation and force acted on it carried by the change of several rolling condition such as strip thickness, width, diameter and protruding of roller, fiction coefficient, reduction ratio, changing tension and so on was analyzed. Reference and gist was provided to the analysis of the couple deformation of the roller and strip during similar broad strip rolling. Then, through the research on such two rolling process as bending roller rolling flat strip and flat roller rolling bending strip in the FEM software circumstance, the general cause of two typical shapes disfigurement梞iddle wave and side wave were analyzed. And then . building the FEM model of waved strip to research its draw performance under the infliction of tension through the computer simulation, the general law of flections deformation of waved strip by the action of tension was find out.
    At last, illustrating the correctness and reliability of the above works and the FEM model through contrast calculation and experiment validation.
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