基于条元法的HC冷轧机板形预设定控制理论研究及工业应用
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摘要
板形控制是板带轧机的关键技术和国际前沿研究课题。目前板形控制理论和数
    学模型还不能适应板形控制技术发展的要求。板形控制方案的制定往往依靠大量的
    生产试验和经验积累,缺乏比较成熟的理论方案和数学模型。本文以基于条元法的
    三维轧制理论和HC轧机板形控制策略及预设定控制模型为研究对象,进行了深入
    的理论研究和工业应用。
     在已有的流线条元法基础上,采用三次样条函数拟合出口横向位移,形成三次
    样条函数流线条元法。本方法不仅使横向位移函数在整个变形区处处连续,满足条
    元节线上出口横向位移协调条件,而且还满足节线上出口横向位移的一阶及二阶导
    数均连续的协调条件,同时可以大大减少划分条元的个数,提高了计算速度。
     分析研究现有前张力横向分布模型的缺点和不足,建立了精确的前张力横向分
    布模型,将该模型应用于三次样条函数流线条元法进行冷轧带材三维变形数值分析,
    明显地改善了计算结果的收敛对初值的依赖性。
     建立了HC轧机辊系变形模型,并与金属变形模型耦合,确立了900mm HC轧
    机板形和板凸度计算模型。关于工业冷轧带钢的前张应力和板凸度的计算结果与试
    验结果吻合较好,证明了理论模型是实用可靠的。
     将人工神经网络技术引入板形控制领域,采用EBP神经网络进行板形模式识别,
    建立了板形模式识别模型,该模型克服了传统的基于最小二乘法板形模式识别模型
    的不足。以弹性小挠度理论,采用能量法建立了较简便实用的轧后带材失稳判别模
    型。
     将金属模型、辊系变形模型、轧后带材失稳判别模型和板形模式识别模型有机
    结合在一起共同形成HC轧机板形分析整体模型。编制了板形分析整体模型程序和
    图形显示程序。通过整体模型程序对HC轧机轧后带材板形分析的数值仿真,研究
    HC轧机板形控制特性,确定了HC轧机板形控制策略。形成一套较为完整的基于条
    元法的板带轧制板形控制仿真分析软件,从而建立起HC轧机板形预设定控制数学
    模型。
     应用研究方面,在邯钢集团衡水薄板有限公司900mm HC轧机上进行了冷轧带
    材板形预设定控制工业应用。在验证了板形分析与控制仿真软件分析结果正确性的
    
    
     燕山大学工学博士学位论文
    基础上,为900mm HC轧机的主要轧制规格提供了正确的板形预设定模型。应用结
    果表明,采用该板形预设定方案提高了轧后带材板形精度,明显地降低了工作辊弯
    辊力,从而可延长轧辊及其轴承的使用寿命,提高效益,同时也证明了板形控制仿
    真分析软件的有效性。
The shape control is the key technology and international leading problem of strip
     mill. At present, the theory and mathematical model of shape control can not adapt to the
     demands of shape control technology developing. Determination of the shape control
     scheme is dependent on large amount of producti3n test and accumulation of experience,
     and lacks of the mature theoretically scheme and mathematical model. Three-dimensional
     flat rolling theory based on strip element method and shape control strategy and preset
     control model for HC strip mill is selected as researching object in this dissertation, closely
     theoretical study and engineering application is carried out.
    
     The third power spline function streamline strip element method is formed, which
     makes third power spline function fitted exit lateral displacement on the basis of the
     streamline strip element method. In this theory, lateral displacement is continuous in all
     deformation zones, and is satisfied with the compatibility conditions of the first-order and
     second-order derivative of exit lateral displacement on element nodes. The number of strip
     elements is largely reduced, and the computing speed is raised when this theory is
     employed.
    
     The exact model of front tension stress transverse distribution is established on the
     basis of analysize the shortcomings of existing tension stress transverse distribution model.
     Applying the new model to third power spline function streamline strip element method,
     the numerical analysis of three-dimensional deformation of cold rolled strip is carried out,
     which obviously improves dependence of the calculation results?convergence on initial
     value.
    
     Calculating model of strip flatness and profile for the 900mm HC cold rolling strip
     mill is built up by combining rolls system deformation calculation and metal deformation
     model. The calculation results on strip front tension stress and profile are well agreed with
     experimental results for industry cold rolling strip. This verifies that the theory model is
     reliable.
    
     Introducing the technology of artificial network into the system of shape control, and
    
    
    
    
    the shape pattern recognition model is established with the neural network of error back
     program (EBP), the defects of traditional shape pattern recognition based on the method of
     minimum squares is overcomed. The more practical and simple distinguishing model, of
     the rolled strip's stabilization is set up with energy method that depends on small-
     deflection elastic theory.
    
     The total analytical model of HC mill shape and control is presented based on the
     3-dimentional plastic deformation model of strip, the rolls deformation model, distinguish
     model of stabilization and the shape pattern recognition model of rolled strip. A suite of
     emulation software including the whole shape control and analysis software and the figure
     show software is programmed. The shape control special properties of HC mill is studied
     and the shape control tactics of the mill is determined by means of numerical emulating the
     shape control of the mill with the software, therefore the mathematical model of shape
     control of the HC mill is established.
     Industrial test of shape preset control for cold rolled strip is finished on 900mm HC
     rolling mill of Hengshui sheet Inc. of Handan Iron and Steel Corp. The correct shape preset
     control model is provided for major rolling specifications of the mill after testing and
     verifying the analysis result's correctness of the emulation software. The test results
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