基于能量传递特性的经络电信息检测技术与应用
|
摘要
经络是人体中信息,能量传递的通道,与人体各项生命功能息息相关。经络学说来源于中医,经过长期临床证实,由于古代科学发展的局限性,经络理论中不可避免的含有谬论的成分,急需现代科学实验的有力支撑。本文选择具有代表性的两条经络线,手太阴肺经和手厥阴心包经为重点研究对象,在吸收前人研究成果基础上,从电信号能量动态传输的角度来研究经络系统的特性,具有一定的研究意义,在实验基础上,采用有效的研究经络系统方法。本文主要工作如下:
1、实验中主动外加电信号刺激经络穴位,采集同一经络线上其它穴位输出信号,得到了可靠,稳定的携带了经络通道信息的电信号。由于经络信号所受噪声干扰严重,本文选用性能优越的数采仪器和具有精细分解能力的小波包除噪技术,从硬软两方面预处理人体经络信号,为后续进一步研究提供了信噪比高的经络电信号。
2、从频域采用相干函数分析经络信号,研究在经络信道中传输的电信号在穴位点与非穴位处的不同输出特性,揭示经络信道电信号的动态传输特性:经络系统是一非线性系统,且穴位输出的电信号携带了丰富的人体内部脏腑器官的状态信息。本文还估计了少商—孔最一迟泽—天府穴特定段在正弦波刺激信号下的传递函数,从不同方面研究了经络系统与非经络系统的不同特性。
3、改进了极速学习机神经网(Extreme learning machine,以下简称ELM),采用带反馈的极限学习机(Feedback Extreme learning machine,Feedback_ELM),并将其应用到人体经络信道建模中,通过大量实验与ELM的建模逼近性能进行比较,结果表明Feedback_ELM在训练数据量不大,保证速度快的情况下,逼近精度高,是一种比较适合在线动态系统的建模的算法。
4、本文采用能量特性向量这一特征参数描述手太阴肺经上,少商—孔最一迟泽—天府穴特定段在不同幅值的多频三角波,多频正弦波刺激信号下的传输特性,探索与之相关的人体脏腑状态信息。大量实验结果表明:所采用的能量特征向量能较好的揭示经络信道电信号动态传输特性。
5、本文研究了心电在经络通道中传输的特性。实验中通过研究与心脏密切相关的手太阴肺经和手厥阴心包经,分析比较得出穴位与非穴位处输出心电信号的能量特征向量明显不同且具有一定规律,再次表明本文所采用的能量特征向量参数比较适合表征所测经络段的动态电信号传输特性。这不但为证明经络的存在,提供了依据,还为探讨与心脏有关的疾病分析提供了一定的研究基础。
6、本文还比较多名正常人与甲亢患者的能量特征向量,研究其不同特性,并以提取的能量特征向量作为BP神经网络的输入空间向量,利用BP的模式识别能力,对甲亢病例进行辨识,实验结果表明:基于能量特征向量的BP网络能较好的分辨甲亢患者。
本文研究的成果为进一步研究经络通道电信息传输特性及与人体生理病变的联系提供了一定的理论依据,能量特征向量可以明显区分经络上穴位与非穴位点所表现出能量传输特性的差别,这一结果从一个方面表明经络与非经络点的差异性,对采用信息能量鉴别方法确定经络上穴位点具有一定应用价值。
Meridian is the body channel in which information and energy run, and is closely related by vital functions of body. It origin a long time ago, and derived from traditional Chinese medicine, Meridian has been proven through a long period. As the limitations of scientific development in ancient meridian theory contains the inevitable composition of fallacy, it need a strong support of modern scientific experiments. This paper select the two representative meridian lines: Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian and Pericardium, which The study is focused on. from the dynamic energy transfer of. Electrical signals, on the basis of the absorption of previous research results, we study characteristics of the meridian system.. we have proposed a effective method of meridian system research. In this paper, my job is as follows:
1、Active external signals are used in the experiment to stimulate the acupuncture points of meridian , then the output signal of other acupuncture points of the same meridian line are collected. We get reliable and stable signals ,which carry the information of meridian channels. Since the meridian signal is suffered serious noise , This paper selectes superior performance equipment and wavelet packet, two denoising technology, from both hard and soft to cance noise, preprocessing high-quality electric meridian Signal. for further study .
2、Coherence function analysis are used to study the meridian signal running in the meridian channels and non-acupuncture points in the meridian at different output characteristics, reveals dynamic signal transmission characteristics of the meridian channels: the meridian system is a nonlinear system, and acupuncture points outs carry the human body organs and organ' status. This paper also estimates the transfer function of the specific section‘shaoshang—kongzui—chizhe—tianfu’under the sine wave stimulatory signal. from different aspects we study the different characteristics of non-meridian system Between meridian system .
3、On the base of improving Extreme learning machine network (Extreme learning machine, referred to ELM),this paper prove a novel neural network algorithm: Feedback_ELM, and applying to the human meridian Channel Model , then comparing results of Approximation of Feedback_ ELM and the ELM. The results show that Feedback_ELM in training not too much data' case has good approximation precision, high speed, is suitable for online modeling of dynamic systems.
4、This paper has built energy characteristic vector parameters to describes the characteristics of the specific section‘shaoshang—kongzui—chizhe—tianfu’on Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian, under different amplitude of Multi-frequency triangle wave and Multi-frequency sine wave stimulate signal. Many experimental results show that: the energy extracted characteristic vector can reveal the meridian dynamic signal transmission channel characteristics.
5、This paper has studied characteristics. ECG transferring in the meridian channel. Through researching the Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian and Pericardium closely related to the heart ,The conclusion is that the output energy characteristic vector of acupuncture points and non-point is obviously different with a certain regularity when ECG signal running. once again demonstrate that the energy characteristic vector can measure the dynamic signal transmission characteristics. of the meridian section .This not only proves the existence of meridians, but also to explore the link with heart-related diseases, and the analysis provides a basis for further study.
6、Comparing characteristic vector of healthy persons and patients with hyperthyroidism to study their different characteristics and taking the Energy Characteristics vectors as the input space vector of BP neural network. this paper identify cases of hyperthyroidism, by BP's pattern recognition ability. The results show that: the energy characteristic vector extracted can distinguish hyperthyroidism patients.
The results of this study provides a good theoretical basis for further investigate of the electrical characteristics of information transmission in the meridian channels and connection with the human physiological diseases. The experimental results have illustrated that the proposed method is rather efficient. It provides us with a way to determine the points in human meridian systems.
1、实验中主动外加电信号刺激经络穴位,采集同一经络线上其它穴位输出信号,得到了可靠,稳定的携带了经络通道信息的电信号。由于经络信号所受噪声干扰严重,本文选用性能优越的数采仪器和具有精细分解能力的小波包除噪技术,从硬软两方面预处理人体经络信号,为后续进一步研究提供了信噪比高的经络电信号。
2、从频域采用相干函数分析经络信号,研究在经络信道中传输的电信号在穴位点与非穴位处的不同输出特性,揭示经络信道电信号的动态传输特性:经络系统是一非线性系统,且穴位输出的电信号携带了丰富的人体内部脏腑器官的状态信息。本文还估计了少商—孔最一迟泽—天府穴特定段在正弦波刺激信号下的传递函数,从不同方面研究了经络系统与非经络系统的不同特性。
3、改进了极速学习机神经网(Extreme learning machine,以下简称ELM),采用带反馈的极限学习机(Feedback Extreme learning machine,Feedback_ELM),并将其应用到人体经络信道建模中,通过大量实验与ELM的建模逼近性能进行比较,结果表明Feedback_ELM在训练数据量不大,保证速度快的情况下,逼近精度高,是一种比较适合在线动态系统的建模的算法。
4、本文采用能量特性向量这一特征参数描述手太阴肺经上,少商—孔最一迟泽—天府穴特定段在不同幅值的多频三角波,多频正弦波刺激信号下的传输特性,探索与之相关的人体脏腑状态信息。大量实验结果表明:所采用的能量特征向量能较好的揭示经络信道电信号动态传输特性。
5、本文研究了心电在经络通道中传输的特性。实验中通过研究与心脏密切相关的手太阴肺经和手厥阴心包经,分析比较得出穴位与非穴位处输出心电信号的能量特征向量明显不同且具有一定规律,再次表明本文所采用的能量特征向量参数比较适合表征所测经络段的动态电信号传输特性。这不但为证明经络的存在,提供了依据,还为探讨与心脏有关的疾病分析提供了一定的研究基础。
6、本文还比较多名正常人与甲亢患者的能量特征向量,研究其不同特性,并以提取的能量特征向量作为BP神经网络的输入空间向量,利用BP的模式识别能力,对甲亢病例进行辨识,实验结果表明:基于能量特征向量的BP网络能较好的分辨甲亢患者。
本文研究的成果为进一步研究经络通道电信息传输特性及与人体生理病变的联系提供了一定的理论依据,能量特征向量可以明显区分经络上穴位与非穴位点所表现出能量传输特性的差别,这一结果从一个方面表明经络与非经络点的差异性,对采用信息能量鉴别方法确定经络上穴位点具有一定应用价值。
Meridian is the body channel in which information and energy run, and is closely related by vital functions of body. It origin a long time ago, and derived from traditional Chinese medicine, Meridian has been proven through a long period. As the limitations of scientific development in ancient meridian theory contains the inevitable composition of fallacy, it need a strong support of modern scientific experiments. This paper select the two representative meridian lines: Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian and Pericardium, which The study is focused on. from the dynamic energy transfer of. Electrical signals, on the basis of the absorption of previous research results, we study characteristics of the meridian system.. we have proposed a effective method of meridian system research. In this paper, my job is as follows:
1、Active external signals are used in the experiment to stimulate the acupuncture points of meridian , then the output signal of other acupuncture points of the same meridian line are collected. We get reliable and stable signals ,which carry the information of meridian channels. Since the meridian signal is suffered serious noise , This paper selectes superior performance equipment and wavelet packet, two denoising technology, from both hard and soft to cance noise, preprocessing high-quality electric meridian Signal. for further study .
2、Coherence function analysis are used to study the meridian signal running in the meridian channels and non-acupuncture points in the meridian at different output characteristics, reveals dynamic signal transmission characteristics of the meridian channels: the meridian system is a nonlinear system, and acupuncture points outs carry the human body organs and organ' status. This paper also estimates the transfer function of the specific section‘shaoshang—kongzui—chizhe—tianfu’under the sine wave stimulatory signal. from different aspects we study the different characteristics of non-meridian system Between meridian system .
3、On the base of improving Extreme learning machine network (Extreme learning machine, referred to ELM),this paper prove a novel neural network algorithm: Feedback_ELM, and applying to the human meridian Channel Model , then comparing results of Approximation of Feedback_ ELM and the ELM. The results show that Feedback_ELM in training not too much data' case has good approximation precision, high speed, is suitable for online modeling of dynamic systems.
4、This paper has built energy characteristic vector parameters to describes the characteristics of the specific section‘shaoshang—kongzui—chizhe—tianfu’on Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian, under different amplitude of Multi-frequency triangle wave and Multi-frequency sine wave stimulate signal. Many experimental results show that: the energy extracted characteristic vector can reveal the meridian dynamic signal transmission channel characteristics.
5、This paper has studied characteristics. ECG transferring in the meridian channel. Through researching the Hand Tai Yin Lung Meridian and Pericardium closely related to the heart ,The conclusion is that the output energy characteristic vector of acupuncture points and non-point is obviously different with a certain regularity when ECG signal running. once again demonstrate that the energy characteristic vector can measure the dynamic signal transmission characteristics. of the meridian section .This not only proves the existence of meridians, but also to explore the link with heart-related diseases, and the analysis provides a basis for further study.
6、Comparing characteristic vector of healthy persons and patients with hyperthyroidism to study their different characteristics and taking the Energy Characteristics vectors as the input space vector of BP neural network. this paper identify cases of hyperthyroidism, by BP's pattern recognition ability. The results show that: the energy characteristic vector extracted can distinguish hyperthyroidism patients.
The results of this study provides a good theoretical basis for further investigate of the electrical characteristics of information transmission in the meridian channels and connection with the human physiological diseases. The experimental results have illustrated that the proposed method is rather efficient. It provides us with a way to determine the points in human meridian systems.
引文
[1]陈正亮.人体经络电阻抗检测技术及初步实验研究[D].浙江大学,2010
[2]王静,徐平,张潮,虎力.维基应用于针灸文献教学的实践及思考[J].中国中医药信息杂志, 2010,(S1)
[3]张彦,董宝强,王富龙.论临床十二经脉气血盛衰与经络病变的关系[J].辽宁中医杂志, 2009,(02)
[4]崔莉. 85例受试者穴位低阻抗观察分析[J].甘肃中医, 2006,(05) .
[5]Mayer-Gindner A.,Lek-Uthai A.,Abdallah O.,Newly explored electrical properties of normal skin and special skin sites.Biomedizinische Technik,May 2004,v49(5):117-24
[6]陈朋,玄桂英,张学玲.读《内经》探析腧穴本质[J].光明中医, 2009,(12)
[7]李传福.关于中医经络的科学解读[J].北京中医,2004,23(1):18-20
[8]McCarroll G.D.,Rowley B.A.,An investigation of the existence of electrically located acupuncture points.IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,March 1979,v BME-26(3):177-81
[9]罗方.针灸治疗动眼神经麻痹经络辨证的研究[J].中国针灸, 2010,(02) .
[10]任超世.生物电阻抗技术与人体功能信息[J].电子科技导报, 1998,(11) .
[11]霍铖宇,何爱军,黄松鑫.基于虚拟仪器的便携式生物阻抗测量系统设计[J].常熟理工学院学报, 2009,(08) .
[12]Suhariningsih,Kanai H.,Observation of human impedance at 50 kHz for analysis of acupuncture points.Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism(Cat.No.98TH8269),1998,p 77
[13]谷忠悦9]杨云松,常存库.脏腑经络理论相关问题探讨[J].中医药信息, 2009,(05) .
[14]郭兴明,彭承琳,唐敏.生物阻抗测量系统的研究[J].电子技术应用, 1995,(11) .
[15]贺振泉,陈群,原林,莫传伟.经络诊断的理论研究[J].新中医, 2005,(07) .
[16]匡调元.对中医药学发展过去、现状与未来的一些思考[J].上海中医药杂志, 1999,(02) .
[17]Lee M S,Jeong S Y,Lee Y H et al. Differences in electrical conduction properties between meridians and non-meridians .The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2005, 33 (5) :723～728 .
[18]鲍圣涌,周晓莉.经络实质浅析[J].湖北中医杂志, 2005,(05)
[19]杨威生.低阻经络研究Ⅲ.对经络组织学本质的推断[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(02)
[20]Cohen Marc,Behrenbruch Christian,Cosic Irena.Is there a link between acupuncture meridians,Earth-ionosphere resonances an Li-4 and Li-12,IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.Vol.BME-24(4):402-5
[21]王晖,高建波,骆剑平.电阻抗成像技术[J].北京生物医学工程, 2006,(02) .
[22]Fukumoto T.,Nemoto K.,Ohba S.,Measurements and analysis of the skin impedance locus around the acupuncture points.12th Nordic Baltic Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics.Proceedings of the International Federation for Medical&Biological Engineering,2002,p 208-9
[23]董宝强,吴景东,李东子,张惠淑.经筋理论对损容性疾病针灸治疗的指导作用[J].中国美容医学, 2010,(01) .
[24]杨国平,贾晓航.皮肤阻抗等效电路及经络低阻抗原因探讨[J].中国医学物理学杂志, 1998,(01) .
[25]韩磊,程礼,苗学问.基于小波分析的航空发动机轴承故障诊断[J].轴承, 2008,(10) .
[26]Fatourechi M,Mason S G,Birch G E. A wavelet-basedapproach for the extraction of event related potentialsfrom EEG[C] .Proceedings of the IEEE InternationalConference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Process-ing. Quebec,Canada. 2004, :737-740 .
[27]胡昌华,张军波等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计———小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.1999.
[28]陈美仁,徐伟辉,龚憬,旷秋和,李强,胡蓉.经络腧穴学精品课程建设的实践与体会[J].卫生职业教育, 2011,(02).
[29]范立莉,梁平.小波包分析在汽轮机转子振动故障诊断中的应用[J].广东电力, 2007,(11) .
[30]杨国安,钟秉林,黄仁,贾民平,许云飞.机械故障信号小波包分解的时域特征提取方法研究[J].振动与冲击, 2001,(02) .
[31]G.-B. Huang, H.A. Babri. Upper bounds on the number of hidden neurons in feedforward networks with arbitrary bounded nonlinear activation functions. IEEE Transaction on Neural Networks, 1998, 9 (1):224-229.
[32]Becker R.O.,Marino A.A.,Laplace plane analysis of transient impedance between acupuncture points 00CH37143),2000,pt.4,vol.4:2636-9
[33]焦莉,李宏男,孙威.基于数据融合和“能量-损伤”的结构状态特征提取[J].振动、测试与诊断, 2010,(01) .
[34]唐友怀,张海涛,罗珊,姜喆.基于小波包能量谱分析的电机故障诊断[J].国外电子测量技术, 2008,(02) .
[35]Shyh-Hau Wang,Yen-Ting Chen,Chin-Song Weng.A clinical therapeutic assessment for the administration of different modes of ultrasounds to stimulate the Zusanli acupuncture point of hypertension patients,Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering,Vol.23(4):221-8
[36]Rosso,O. A.,Martin,M. T.,Figliola,A.,Keller,K.,Plastino,A. EEG analysis using wavelet-based information tools .J. Neurosci. Methods. 2006, 153 :163~182
[37]秦鹏民,许金森.经络与微循环的相关性研究[J].河南中医,2005,25(1):81-83
[38]谢卫,鞠传军.经络黑箱方法研究及意义[J].南京中医药大学学报:社会科学版,2002,3(4):171-174
[39] Wulfsohn NL∈t al:Handbook of Meridical Acupuncture,65-74,Van Nostrand Reinhold Comp, 1975
[40]杨春青,陈晓雯.陈晓雯治疗桥本甲状腺炎的经验[J].中医药临床杂志, 2010,(07)
[41] G.-B. Huang, Q.-Y. Zhu, C.-K. Siew. Extreme learning machine: theory and applications. Neurocomputing, 2006, 70(1-3):489-501.
[42] S.Haykin. Neural networks: A comprehensive foundation. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999.
[43]阎平凡,张长水.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算.清华大学出版社2005.9
[44]贾德香,韩净.基于改进BP网络的电力系统超短期负荷预测[J].安徽电气工程职业技术学院学报, 2008,(03) .
[45]李立新,汪凌云. BP网络模型在含硼微合金钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸及道次间软化程度预测中的应用[J].大型铸锻件, 2003,(01) .
[46]李义宝,张学勇,马建国,汪力君.基于BP神经网络的改进算法研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2005,(06) .
[47]Sathyendra H.M.,Chan,J.E.,Sivaprasad K.U..Transmission line modeling for acupuncture nodaltherapy.Proceedings of the IEEE 29th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference(Cat No.03CH37433).2003:126-7
[48]付娟.刍议中医沟通人体的网络系统[J].长春中医药大学学报, 2009,(04)
[49]Prokhorov E.F.,Gonzalez-Hernandez J.,Vorobiev Y.V.,Electrophysical characterization of biologically active points and human skin by in vivo impedance measurement.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology-Proceedings,,2000,v4:2636-2639
[50]高普选.经络辨证在疑难杂症中应用体会[J].中医杂志, 2009,(S1) .
[2]王静,徐平,张潮,虎力.维基应用于针灸文献教学的实践及思考[J].中国中医药信息杂志, 2010,(S1)
[3]张彦,董宝强,王富龙.论临床十二经脉气血盛衰与经络病变的关系[J].辽宁中医杂志, 2009,(02)
[4]崔莉. 85例受试者穴位低阻抗观察分析[J].甘肃中医, 2006,(05) .
[5]Mayer-Gindner A.,Lek-Uthai A.,Abdallah O.,Newly explored electrical properties of normal skin and special skin sites.Biomedizinische Technik,May 2004,v49(5):117-24
[6]陈朋,玄桂英,张学玲.读《内经》探析腧穴本质[J].光明中医, 2009,(12)
[7]李传福.关于中医经络的科学解读[J].北京中医,2004,23(1):18-20
[8]McCarroll G.D.,Rowley B.A.,An investigation of the existence of electrically located acupuncture points.IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,March 1979,v BME-26(3):177-81
[9]罗方.针灸治疗动眼神经麻痹经络辨证的研究[J].中国针灸, 2010,(02) .
[10]任超世.生物电阻抗技术与人体功能信息[J].电子科技导报, 1998,(11) .
[11]霍铖宇,何爱军,黄松鑫.基于虚拟仪器的便携式生物阻抗测量系统设计[J].常熟理工学院学报, 2009,(08) .
[12]Suhariningsih,Kanai H.,Observation of human impedance at 50 kHz for analysis of acupuncture points.Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Bioelectromagnetism(Cat.No.98TH8269),1998,p 77
[13]谷忠悦9]杨云松,常存库.脏腑经络理论相关问题探讨[J].中医药信息, 2009,(05) .
[14]郭兴明,彭承琳,唐敏.生物阻抗测量系统的研究[J].电子技术应用, 1995,(11) .
[15]贺振泉,陈群,原林,莫传伟.经络诊断的理论研究[J].新中医, 2005,(07) .
[16]匡调元.对中医药学发展过去、现状与未来的一些思考[J].上海中医药杂志, 1999,(02) .
[17]Lee M S,Jeong S Y,Lee Y H et al. Differences in electrical conduction properties between meridians and non-meridians .The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2005, 33 (5) :723～728 .
[18]鲍圣涌,周晓莉.经络实质浅析[J].湖北中医杂志, 2005,(05)
[19]杨威生.低阻经络研究Ⅲ.对经络组织学本质的推断[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2008,(02)
[20]Cohen Marc,Behrenbruch Christian,Cosic Irena.Is there a link between acupuncture meridians,Earth-ionosphere resonances an Li-4 and Li-12,IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.Vol.BME-24(4):402-5
[21]王晖,高建波,骆剑平.电阻抗成像技术[J].北京生物医学工程, 2006,(02) .
[22]Fukumoto T.,Nemoto K.,Ohba S.,Measurements and analysis of the skin impedance locus around the acupuncture points.12th Nordic Baltic Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics.Proceedings of the International Federation for Medical&Biological Engineering,2002,p 208-9
[23]董宝强,吴景东,李东子,张惠淑.经筋理论对损容性疾病针灸治疗的指导作用[J].中国美容医学, 2010,(01) .
[24]杨国平,贾晓航.皮肤阻抗等效电路及经络低阻抗原因探讨[J].中国医学物理学杂志, 1998,(01) .
[25]韩磊,程礼,苗学问.基于小波分析的航空发动机轴承故障诊断[J].轴承, 2008,(10) .
[26]Fatourechi M,Mason S G,Birch G E. A wavelet-basedapproach for the extraction of event related potentialsfrom EEG[C] .Proceedings of the IEEE InternationalConference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Process-ing. Quebec,Canada. 2004, :737-740 .
[27]胡昌华,张军波等.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计———小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.1999.
[28]陈美仁,徐伟辉,龚憬,旷秋和,李强,胡蓉.经络腧穴学精品课程建设的实践与体会[J].卫生职业教育, 2011,(02).
[29]范立莉,梁平.小波包分析在汽轮机转子振动故障诊断中的应用[J].广东电力, 2007,(11) .
[30]杨国安,钟秉林,黄仁,贾民平,许云飞.机械故障信号小波包分解的时域特征提取方法研究[J].振动与冲击, 2001,(02) .
[31]G.-B. Huang, H.A. Babri. Upper bounds on the number of hidden neurons in feedforward networks with arbitrary bounded nonlinear activation functions. IEEE Transaction on Neural Networks, 1998, 9 (1):224-229.
[32]Becker R.O.,Marino A.A.,Laplace plane analysis of transient impedance between acupuncture points 00CH37143),2000,pt.4,vol.4:2636-9
[33]焦莉,李宏男,孙威.基于数据融合和“能量-损伤”的结构状态特征提取[J].振动、测试与诊断, 2010,(01) .
[34]唐友怀,张海涛,罗珊,姜喆.基于小波包能量谱分析的电机故障诊断[J].国外电子测量技术, 2008,(02) .
[35]Shyh-Hau Wang,Yen-Ting Chen,Chin-Song Weng.A clinical therapeutic assessment for the administration of different modes of ultrasounds to stimulate the Zusanli acupuncture point of hypertension patients,Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering,Vol.23(4):221-8
[36]Rosso,O. A.,Martin,M. T.,Figliola,A.,Keller,K.,Plastino,A. EEG analysis using wavelet-based information tools .J. Neurosci. Methods. 2006, 153 :163~182
[37]秦鹏民,许金森.经络与微循环的相关性研究[J].河南中医,2005,25(1):81-83
[38]谢卫,鞠传军.经络黑箱方法研究及意义[J].南京中医药大学学报:社会科学版,2002,3(4):171-174
[39] Wulfsohn NL∈t al:Handbook of Meridical Acupuncture,65-74,Van Nostrand Reinhold Comp, 1975
[40]杨春青,陈晓雯.陈晓雯治疗桥本甲状腺炎的经验[J].中医药临床杂志, 2010,(07)
[41] G.-B. Huang, Q.-Y. Zhu, C.-K. Siew. Extreme learning machine: theory and applications. Neurocomputing, 2006, 70(1-3):489-501.
[42] S.Haykin. Neural networks: A comprehensive foundation. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1999.
[43]阎平凡,张长水.人工神经网络与模拟进化计算.清华大学出版社2005.9
[44]贾德香,韩净.基于改进BP网络的电力系统超短期负荷预测[J].安徽电气工程职业技术学院学报, 2008,(03) .
[45]李立新,汪凌云. BP网络模型在含硼微合金钢奥氏体晶粒尺寸及道次间软化程度预测中的应用[J].大型铸锻件, 2003,(01) .
[46]李义宝,张学勇,马建国,汪力君.基于BP神经网络的改进算法研究[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2005,(06) .
[47]Sathyendra H.M.,Chan,J.E.,Sivaprasad K.U..Transmission line modeling for acupuncture nodaltherapy.Proceedings of the IEEE 29th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference(Cat No.03CH37433).2003:126-7
[48]付娟.刍议中医沟通人体的网络系统[J].长春中医药大学学报, 2009,(04)
[49]Prokhorov E.F.,Gonzalez-Hernandez J.,Vorobiev Y.V.,Electrophysical characterization of biologically active points and human skin by in vivo impedance measurement.Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology-Proceedings,,2000,v4:2636-2639
[50]高普选.经络辨证在疑难杂症中应用体会[J].中医杂志, 2009,(S1) .