鄂尔多斯地块西南部早古生代裂谷陆缘结构及其演化
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摘要
鄂尔多斯地块西南部早古生代为界于秦祁贺三叉裂谷系之秦岭、贺兰裂谷间的大陆边缘。根据早古生代海平面升降变化历史,以早奥陶世冶里—亮甲山期大规模海退为界,将其沉积层序划分为寒武系和奥陶系两大复合层序。以层序构型为基础,再造了该时期的裂谷陆缘结构,即寒武纪以“坡—折—坪”(裂谷边坡—陆架边缘坡折—内陆架台坪)为特征的缓坡型陆缘;奥陶纪以“坡—肩—盆”(裂谷边坡—陆架边缘肩隆—内陆架拗陷盆地)为特征的分异型陆缘。前者主要定型于中寒武世(536—517Ma);后者主要发育于早奥陶世马家沟期(490—468.6Ma)。早古生代裂谷期后经受了三个阶段具不同方式的改造,即前二叠纪以继承性为特点的改造、二叠纪一早中三叠世以统一均衡沉降为特点的改造和晚三叠世后以差异沉降为特点的改造。最终塑造了现今的构造面貌。根据对早古生代裂谷陆缘结构的沉积特征以及被后期改造之后的现今构造面貌分析,认为研究区下古生界天然气赋存应以深盆气为主要形式,且分为两种成因类型、三大赋存系统:中东部(定边—靖边)复式向斜型和西部(环县—泾川)前渊拗陷型两大深盆气赋存系统及南部(宁县—彬县)常规圈闭型天然气赋存系统。
The southwestern part of the Ordos Block was a rift continental margin opened to the Qinling and Helan trough of the Qinling-Qilian-Helan three-arm rift system in Early Paleozoic. Based on the sea-level changes during that time, the sedimentary sequences deposited on the margin may be divided into two composite sequences by the boundary of large scale marine regression in the Yeli-Liangjiashan stage of Early Ordovician. i. e. the Cambrian composite sequence and the Ordovician composite sequence. The structures of the margin which show by the framework of these two composite sequences have two different types, too: the gentle slope type in the Cambrian, which is characterized by rift side slope-shelf break-platform, and the differential type in Ordovician, by rift side slope-rift shoulder arch-extra arch depression. The former had mainly been formed in Middel Cambrian (about 536-517Ma), and the latter was chiefly constructed in Majiagou stage of Early Ordovician (about 490-469.6Ma). After the Early Paleozoic rifting, the rift continental margin had been undergone three times of different reformations: before the Permian, it was characterized by inherited uplifting and subsiding, from Permian to Early and Middle Trassic, by the uniform isostatic subsiding, and from Late Triassic up to present, by differential subsiding. Then, the resultant structural framework of present has been formed. According to the analysis of the structural framework of the rift continental margin in Early Paleozoic, the features of sedimentary sequences, and the present structures of the area where we study, it is considered that the occurrence of the natural gas in the lower Paleozoic would exist in the dominant form of deep basin gas. And there would be three gas systems with two genetic types, i. e. the Dingbian-Jingbian gas system occurring in the composite syncline of the middel-eastern part of the Ordos Block, and the Huanxian-Jingchuan gas system occurring in the foredeep depression of the western part of the Ordos Block, both are occurred in the form of deep basin gas. The third is the Ningxian-Binxian gas system occurring in the form of normal traps in the southern part of the Ordos Block.
The southwestern part of the Ordos Block was a rift continental margin opened to the Qinling and Helan trough of the Qinling-Qilian-Helan three-arm rift system in Early Paleozoic. Based on the sea-level changes during that time, the sedimentary sequences deposited on the margin may be divided into two composite sequences by the boundary of large scale marine regression in the Yeli-Liangjiashan stage of Early Ordovician. i. e. the Cambrian composite sequence and the Ordovician composite sequence. The structures of the margin which show by the framework of these two composite sequences have two different types, too: the gentle slope type in the Cambrian, which is characterized by rift side slope-shelf break-platform, and the differential type in Ordovician, by rift side slope-rift shoulder arch-extra arch depression. The former had mainly been formed in Middel Cambrian (about 536-517Ma), and the latter was chiefly constructed in Majiagou stage of Early Ordovician (about 490-469.6Ma). After the Early Paleozoic rifting, the rift continental margin had been undergone three times of different reformations: before the Permian, it was characterized by inherited uplifting and subsiding, from Permian to Early and Middle Trassic, by the uniform isostatic subsiding, and from Late Triassic up to present, by differential subsiding. Then, the resultant structural framework of present has been formed. According to the analysis of the structural framework of the rift continental margin in Early Paleozoic, the features of sedimentary sequences, and the present structures of the area where we study, it is considered that the occurrence of the natural gas in the lower Paleozoic would exist in the dominant form of deep basin gas. And there would be three gas systems with two genetic types, i. e. the Dingbian-Jingbian gas system occurring in the composite syncline of the middel-eastern part of the Ordos Block, and the Huanxian-Jingchuan gas system occurring in the foredeep depression of the western part of the Ordos Block, both are occurred in the form of deep basin gas. The third is the Ningxian-Binxian gas system occurring in the form of normal traps in the southern part of the Ordos Block.
引文
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