川西南部地区上三叠统天然气勘探技术研究
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摘要
论文以四川盆地西南部中生代上三叠统须家河组须二段气藏为研究对象,以碎屑岩沉积学、储层地质学、构造地质学及油藏描述理论为指导,采用多学科、多手段综合并结合地震、钻井、测井资料及实际勘探效果为依据,开展储层地震预测地球物理技术、储层评价地质和测井技术系统分析,建立了川西地区低孔、低渗、裂缝—孔隙型致密砂岩勘探的配套技术。
在构造圈闭评价和储层地震预测地球物理技术研究方面,以采集和成像处理为重点,形成了一套适用于山地全三维资料处理技术系列。通过对区内不同地区构造解析,形成了配套构造样式与构造建模技术,并在川西构造变形期次分析、解释基础上,形成山地地震综合解释技术及复杂构造圈闭识别技术。为开展储层精细预测,采取须二段速度特征分析为基础,对典型井地质、测井响应模式验证,进而建立砂岩储层地球物理模式,通过理论推导和模型正演研究,明确不同类型储层地震响应特征。通过测井曲线归一化处理、地震高分辨率处理及层位精细标定,对典型井常规地震剖面响应特征分析,开展波形分类和联合反演方法结合地震属性分析、裂缝检测和流体检测等手段对储层岩性、物性及含气性进行综合预测。
川西南部须二段属三角洲沉积体系的河道、河口砂坝相块状砂岩,多为长石石英砂岩、岩屑长石石英砂岩。储层基质物性差,普遍具低孔、低渗、高含水、小喉道、非均质性强、储层有效性取决于裂缝发育程度等特点,储层好坏及气井产能与裂缝发育程度密切相关。针对低孔、低渗致密砂岩储层测井评价的难点,形成了低孔、低渗致密砂岩储集层评价地质研究和测井解释技术。
论文首次系统总结并初步形成了适宜川西南部地区上三叠统圈闭描述、储层评价等天然气勘探配套技术,为指导川西南部地区须家河组砂岩油气藏整体勘探奠定了基础。
Taking gas reservoir in the2nd member of Xujiahe Formation in the Mesozoic Triassic in southwest of Sichuan basin as the study objective, guided by clastic rock sedimentology, reservoir geology, structure geology and reservoir description theory, using multidisciplinary and integrated means combining seismic, drilling, logging data and practical exploration effect as the basis, this paper carries out reservoir earthquake prediction geophysical technology, reservoir evaluation geology, logging technology, hydrocarbon reservoir protection, drilling and completion technology system analysis, and establishes a set of supporting technology of low permeability and low porosity, crack-pore type tight sandstone exploration and development in western Sichuan.
In the research of structural trap evaluation and geophysical technology of reservoir earthquake prediction, focused on collection and imaging processing, a set of technology series are formed suitable for mountain full3D data processing. Through structural analysis of different area, supporting structure style and structure modeling technology are formed, and based on analysis and interpretation of tectonic deformation times in western Sichuan, mountain seismic integrated interpretation technology and complicated structure trap identification technique are formed. For reservoir fine forecast, on the basis of speed characteristics analysis of the2nd member of Xujiahe Formation, proving the typical well geology, logging response model, finally establish sandstone reservoir geophysical model, through theoretical derivation and forward modeling study to clear about seismic response characteristics of different types of reservoirs. Through logging curve normalized processing, seismic high resolution processing and horizon fine calibration, conventional seismic profile response characteristics analysis of typical wells, and carrying out waveform classification and joint inversion method and combining with seismic attribute analysis, crack detection and fluid detection methods, etc. to perform comprehensive prediction on reservoir lithology, physical property and gas-bearing content.
The2nd member of Xujiahe Formation in southwestern Sichuan are massive sandstones belonging to channel, debouch bar facies of delta depositional system, mainly feldspar quartz sandstones and lithic feldspar quartz sandstones. Reservoir matrix property is poor, commonly with characteristics of low porosity, low permeability, high water cut, small throat, strong heterogeneity, reservoir validity depending on the development of fractures, furthermore the quality of reservoir and gas well productivity are closely related with the development degree of fractures. To settle the difficulty of the low porosity and low permeability tight sandstone reservoir logging evaluation, geological research and well logging interpretation technology of low porosity and low permeability tight sandstone reservoir are formed.
The paper summarizes the initial version of natural gas integrated exploration techniques systematically for the first time, which are suitable for Upper Triassic in Southwestern Sichuan, such as trap description, reservoir evaluation. The summary lays a foundation for integrated exploration of sandstone reservoir of Xujiahe Formation in southwestern Sichuan.
在构造圈闭评价和储层地震预测地球物理技术研究方面,以采集和成像处理为重点,形成了一套适用于山地全三维资料处理技术系列。通过对区内不同地区构造解析,形成了配套构造样式与构造建模技术,并在川西构造变形期次分析、解释基础上,形成山地地震综合解释技术及复杂构造圈闭识别技术。为开展储层精细预测,采取须二段速度特征分析为基础,对典型井地质、测井响应模式验证,进而建立砂岩储层地球物理模式,通过理论推导和模型正演研究,明确不同类型储层地震响应特征。通过测井曲线归一化处理、地震高分辨率处理及层位精细标定,对典型井常规地震剖面响应特征分析,开展波形分类和联合反演方法结合地震属性分析、裂缝检测和流体检测等手段对储层岩性、物性及含气性进行综合预测。
川西南部须二段属三角洲沉积体系的河道、河口砂坝相块状砂岩,多为长石石英砂岩、岩屑长石石英砂岩。储层基质物性差,普遍具低孔、低渗、高含水、小喉道、非均质性强、储层有效性取决于裂缝发育程度等特点,储层好坏及气井产能与裂缝发育程度密切相关。针对低孔、低渗致密砂岩储层测井评价的难点,形成了低孔、低渗致密砂岩储集层评价地质研究和测井解释技术。
论文首次系统总结并初步形成了适宜川西南部地区上三叠统圈闭描述、储层评价等天然气勘探配套技术,为指导川西南部地区须家河组砂岩油气藏整体勘探奠定了基础。
Taking gas reservoir in the2nd member of Xujiahe Formation in the Mesozoic Triassic in southwest of Sichuan basin as the study objective, guided by clastic rock sedimentology, reservoir geology, structure geology and reservoir description theory, using multidisciplinary and integrated means combining seismic, drilling, logging data and practical exploration effect as the basis, this paper carries out reservoir earthquake prediction geophysical technology, reservoir evaluation geology, logging technology, hydrocarbon reservoir protection, drilling and completion technology system analysis, and establishes a set of supporting technology of low permeability and low porosity, crack-pore type tight sandstone exploration and development in western Sichuan.
In the research of structural trap evaluation and geophysical technology of reservoir earthquake prediction, focused on collection and imaging processing, a set of technology series are formed suitable for mountain full3D data processing. Through structural analysis of different area, supporting structure style and structure modeling technology are formed, and based on analysis and interpretation of tectonic deformation times in western Sichuan, mountain seismic integrated interpretation technology and complicated structure trap identification technique are formed. For reservoir fine forecast, on the basis of speed characteristics analysis of the2nd member of Xujiahe Formation, proving the typical well geology, logging response model, finally establish sandstone reservoir geophysical model, through theoretical derivation and forward modeling study to clear about seismic response characteristics of different types of reservoirs. Through logging curve normalized processing, seismic high resolution processing and horizon fine calibration, conventional seismic profile response characteristics analysis of typical wells, and carrying out waveform classification and joint inversion method and combining with seismic attribute analysis, crack detection and fluid detection methods, etc. to perform comprehensive prediction on reservoir lithology, physical property and gas-bearing content.
The2nd member of Xujiahe Formation in southwestern Sichuan are massive sandstones belonging to channel, debouch bar facies of delta depositional system, mainly feldspar quartz sandstones and lithic feldspar quartz sandstones. Reservoir matrix property is poor, commonly with characteristics of low porosity, low permeability, high water cut, small throat, strong heterogeneity, reservoir validity depending on the development of fractures, furthermore the quality of reservoir and gas well productivity are closely related with the development degree of fractures. To settle the difficulty of the low porosity and low permeability tight sandstone reservoir logging evaluation, geological research and well logging interpretation technology of low porosity and low permeability tight sandstone reservoir are formed.
The paper summarizes the initial version of natural gas integrated exploration techniques systematically for the first time, which are suitable for Upper Triassic in Southwestern Sichuan, such as trap description, reservoir evaluation. The summary lays a foundation for integrated exploration of sandstone reservoir of Xujiahe Formation in southwestern Sichuan.
引文
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[23].唐俊伟,胡建国.储层物性分布统计新方法[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(6)：456-458
[24].王延光.储层地震反演方法以及应用中的关键问题与对策[J].石油物探,2002,41(3)：300-303.
[25].张荣忠,季玉新,崔凯,等.油储地球物理综合描述技术[J].石油物探,2002,25(1)：11-18.
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[28].GRISYS /WS-V6.0.地震数据处理系统手册[R].中油油气勘探软件国家工程研究中心有限公司,2001
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