国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
美欧金融危机对经济的负面冲击及其在国际间地迅速传导,再一次引发了学界对国际经济周期协同性及其传导机制的研究。中国作为贸易大国,其经济运行经由贸易传导,与主要贸易伙伴国的周期协同性日益增强已经得到广泛认同。显然,在当今高度一体化的、波动中的世界经济环境下,探究经济周期与经济波动协同性的规律及其传导机制,对各国经济与贸易政策的调整无疑具有积极的指导意义。然而,以往研究大多运用总体贸易数据来分析国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导机制,没能深入总体贸易数据内部即从微观的企业或产品层面探究国际经济周期协同性的内在机理及深层次原因。贸易总量实际上包含了贸易产品种类、数量、价格(质量)等三元边际,它们相对比重及其增长速度的变化将导致贸易总量的变化,并进一步影响贸易伙伴国间的经济周期协同性。那么,如何将三元贸易边际纳入国际经济周期理论分析框架,从而考察不同贸易边际对国际经济周期的传导机制及其作用效果?与传统国际经济周期理论模型相比较,纳入贸易边际与出口成本的国际经济周期理论模型分析会产生哪些不同结论?其经济周期传导机制有何不同?如何深入总体贸易数据内部,应用产品层面的微观数据检验国际经济周期的贸易传导机制?这正是本文试图回答和阐释的问题。
     本文从理论证实了一个全新的国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导渠道——国际经济周期协同性的贸易边际传导。并基于改进的H-K贸易三元分解方法,在对中国与主要贸易伙伴国、东亚国家(地区)的经济周期协同性存在性事实进行判定的基础上,运用理论与实证、静态与动态相结合的分析方法,揭示了贸易广度边际、贸易数量边际与贸易价格边际对国际经济周期协同性的影响效果及其传导机制,从而在更深层次上揭示出新的国际分工环境下经济周期协同性贸易传导机制的性质与特征。
     本文共分为7章,各章主要内容和结论如下:第1章:导论。在这一章里,主要阐述本文的研究背景和研究意义,明确研究目的、内容以及研究方法,提出可能实现的创新点,对全文研究起到提纲挈领的作用。第2章:理论基础与文献综述。在这一章里,首先归纳、梳理全文研究涉及的理论基础,主要包括:经济周期理论、国际经济周期传导理论、异质性企业贸易理论。其次,分别从国际经济周期协同性、国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导、国际经济周期协同性的其它传导三个方面对相关研究文献进行梳理和综述并进行简要的评述。本章的主要目的是对贸易与国际经济周期协同性传导机制的相关研究进行全面把握,也为下面的理论与实证研究提供一个铺垫和理论依据。第3章:国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导理论模型分析。本章在经典国际经济周期理论模型的基本分析框架之上,借鉴Ghironi and Melitz (2005)和Alessandria and Choi (2007)构建的理论模型的有益成分,构建一个包含两国代表性消费者、异质性企业、内生进入与出口固定成本的国际经济周期理论模型。通过模型推导得出主要结论:提出经由内生的TFP实现的两国贸易与产出协同性的传导机制:(1)母国发生的积极的生产率冲击会产生需求——供给溢出效应。通过这种效应,本国最终产品生产者对外国中间品的需求会增加,因此使外国经济体的产出增加。这也就是传统国际实际经济周期理论模型中所呈现的一个传导渠道。(2)根据Kose and Yi (2006),这个渠道还不足以充分解释数据中所发现的贸易与产出的协同性关系。我们的模型提出另一个全新的贸易传导渠道,即通过贸易品的多样化以及贸易品中嵌入技术的提升提高贸易伙伴间的TFP协同性,进而提高两国的经济周期协同性。(3)基于上述传导机制提出两个理论命题:一、两国贸易品多样化程度(贸易广度边际)越高,两国经济周期协同性越高;二、贸易成本越低,两国经济周期协同性越高。第4章:经济周期协同性的测度与H-K贸易三元边际分解框架的构建。在这一章里,首先提出经济周期数据的生成以及经济周期协同性测度的不同方法并对其进行比较分析,为下面考察各国间经济周期协同性特征提供不同的方法与途径。其次,在归纳、比较不同层面的出口贸易边际的相关界定方法的基础上,提出H-K贸易三元边际分解框架,借此将一国的出口贸易份额分解为出口广度边际、出口数量边际与出口价格边际,并在此基础上构建类似于双边贸易强度指数的反映两国双边出口贸易边际的双边广度边际强度(BEI)、双边数量边际强度(BQI)以及双边价格边际强度(BPI)指数,为下文深入总体贸易数据内部,应用产品层面的微观贸易数据考察不同贸易边际对国际经济周期协同性的作用机制提供方法上的支撑。第5章:中外经济周期协同性的贸易传导的实证研究。本章以中国及其主要贸易伙伴为研究对象,实证考察国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导渠道。首先对中国与贸易伙伴国之间的经济周期协同性的存在性事实进行判断,得出中外经济周期存在一定程度的协同性的结论,为下文揭示其传导机制做好铺垫。其次,对经济周期协同性的一般贸易传导渠道(双边贸易强度、产业内贸易程度)进行再考察,发现双边贸易强度、产业内贸易程度对中外经济周期协同性具有显著正效应。最后,基于作者改进的H-K贸易三元分解方法,运用面板数据回归方法对各个贸易边际对中外经济周期协同性的影响进行实证检验,进一步证明了第3章提出的经由贸易广度边际的经济周期协同性传导机制的有效性。第6章:东亚国家的贸易边际与经济周期协同性研究。同样基于改进的H-K贸易三元分解方法,深入总体贸易数据内部,采集东亚各国(地区)的双边数据,分别考察了出口广度边际、价格边际与数量边际对东亚经济周期协同性的影响。结果表明:双边广度边际强度对东亚经济周期协同性具有显著正效应,是东亚各国(地区)经济周期协同性的主要贸易传导渠道,从而从多边视角证实了第3章中理论分析的结论。除此之外,实证研究还发现双边数量边际强度在一定程度上削弱了东亚经济周期协同性,双边价格边际强度的效应不显著。而产业结构相似度、金融结构相似度等非贸易因素在一定程度上促进了东亚经济周期协同。第7章为研究结论及研究展望。
     本文的创新点主要表现在以下三个方面:
     第一,国际经济周期的贸易传导机制的已有研究大多建立在传统贸易理论与新贸易理论的基础之上,针对以往该主题研究忽略企业异质性及其出口行为动态变化对国际经济周期影响的理论缺陷,运用异质性企业贸易理论最新成果,将企业异质性、固定进入、出口成本纳入国际经济周期理论分析框架,论证并推导贸易广度边际(贸易品的多样化)对国际经济周期协同性的传导机制,理论上有所拓展。
     第二,基于H-K贸易三元边际分解方法,借鉴Frankel and Rose (1998)中双边贸易强度的构造思想,构建了一个全新的衡量两国产品层面的双边贸易边际程度的双边贸易边际强度指数(双边广度边际强度指数、双边数量边际强度指数与双边价格边际强度指数),它较好地解决了测度指数兼顾贸易伙伴国之间双向出口贸易边际的问题,为深层次考察各个贸易边际对经济周期协同性的作用机制提供方法和技术上的有力支撑。
     第三,同以往应用总体贸易数据考察国际经济周期协同性的贸易传导机制不同,本文分别以中国及其贸易伙伴国、东亚国家为研究对象,应用产品层面的微观贸易数据,基于(笔者)改进的H-K方法,对贸易三元边际对国际经济周期协同性的传导机制及其作用效果进行经验分析,因而,在双边和区域层次上深刻揭示了新国际分工环境下经济周期协同性的贸易传导机制的性质与特征。
The international transmission of the shock of financial crisis attracted the attention of economists of macro-economics. China as the biggest exporting country, its business cycle synchronization with its trading partners is obvious. Under the globalizing and shocking circumstance of world economy, it's of great significance to study the conductive mechanism through which business cycle transmitted. However, most of the literature focus on the aggraded trade data and ignores the micro product level properties (different margins of trade). How to introduce the margins of trade into the framework of the international business cycle model so as to investigate the conductive mechanism? What's the difference between the traditional and the new model? How to go deep into the aggregated trade data and further test the effects of different margins of trade on the business cycle synchronization? This dissertation is trying to answer these questions.
     We first document a brand new channel (extensive margins of trade) through with international business cycle synchronization transmitted in our theoretical analysis model. And then, based on the updated H-K's Approach to Ternary Margins of Trade Decomposition and the typical facts of the business cycle synchronization between China and its trading partners, and between East Asian countries, we empirically test the conductive mechanism of business cycle synchronization through different margins of trade.
     This dissertation makes the corresponding discussion in7chapters, the main contents and the relative conclusions are as follows:
     Chapter1:Introduction. This chapter introduces the research background, the purpose and significance, the research idea and method, the content arrangement and the definition of concepts, which play as the role of outlining. Chapter2:Theoretical foundation and the related literature review. First, we review the corresponding theoretical foundation:theory of business cycle and international business cycle transmission and international trade theory of firm heterogeneity. And then we review the research literature from three aspects:the synchronization of international business cycle, the transmission of international business cycle synchronization through trade and other transmission approach. The main purpose of this chapter is to make the people have a deep understanding to the research of transmission of international business cycle synchronization through trade and provide a theoretical basis for the following theoretical and empirical research. Chapter3:The theoretical model of margins of trade and international transmission of business cycle. This chapter we develop a two-country model with a representative consumer and heterogeneous intermediate firms. Following Ghironi and Melitz (2005) and Alessandria and Choi (2007), we associate a firm with a unique variety of a differentiated good. We further find two channels strengthen the correlation of TFP growth rates between trading partners. The first channel is the traditional demand-supply spillover effect. And the second brand new channel is the international transmission through the extensive margin of trade which reinforcing the correlation of TFP growth rates between trading partners. Based on the transmission channel we make two propositions:the business cycle synchronization between trading partners increases with the more trading varieties and the less trading cost. Chapter4: Measurement of business cycle synchronization and the construction of H-K decomposition approach of three margins of trade (H-K approach for short). We first make a comparison of different methods of the generation of cyclical business cycle data and the measurement of business cycle synchronization. We then propose the H-K approach which decomposing the ratio of international trade into different margins:the extensive margin, the intensive margin, the quantity margin and the price margin. Chapter5:The empirical analysis of business cycle synchronization transmission through international trade for China and its main trading partners. This chapter analyzes the business cycle synchronization transmission through international trade for China and its main trading partners empirically. We first document the existence of business cycle synchronization between China and its main trading partners. Then we decompose the aggregate trade volume into three margins of trade by using the H-K approach, and further document the effect of margins of trade on the business cycle synchronization between China and its main trading partners. Chapter6:The empirical analysis of business cycle synchronization transmission through international trade for East Asian countries. Based on the H-K approach, this chapter we make use of the micro trade data from the product level to analyze the business cycle synchronization transmission through international trade for East Asian countries empirically. We find that the bilateral extensive margin of international trade has obvious positive effect on the business cycle synchronization between East Asian countries which corresponding to the theoretical conclusion; While the bilateral quantity margin has negative effect; the bilateral price margin has no obvious effect; other non-trade factors such as the similarity of industrial and financial structure has positive effects. Chapter7:Conclution and the prospect of research.
     The main findings and innovation points are in the following aspects:
     First, the existing study on the international business cycle synchronization transmission through trade almost based on the traditional and new trade theory and ignored the dynamics of heterogeneous firms and its effect on the business cycle synchronization. In our theoretical analysis, we introduce the main assumptions of firm heterogeneity trade theory into the existing analyzing framework of international business cycle and document the transmission channel through the extensive margin of trade.
     Second, based on the H-K approach, we construct a brand new index to measure the bilateral intensity of margins of international trade (the bilateral intensity of extensive, quantity and price margins of trade), which can take account to the two-way margins of trade between the trading partners.
     Third, different from previous literature using aggregate trade data to study the international business cycle synchronization transmission through trade, our study makes use of the H-K approach to go deep into the aggregate trade data and adopt trade data from the product level empirically investigate the effect of different margins of trade on the international business cycle synchronization.
引文
① 我国出口贸易额及GDP数据来源于各年《中国统计年鉴》。
    ① 参阅:黄赜琳.实际经济周期与中国经济波动[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2008年:第16页
    ① 戴维·罗默.高级宏观经济学[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2003年:第145页
    ① Lucas, R.E. Understanding Business Cycles. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy [C].1977 (5):7-29
    ② 宋玉华,徐前春.世界经济周期理论的文献述评[J].世界经济,2004年第6期:66-76
    ③ 参阅:宋玉华,吴聃.从国际经济周期理论到世界经济周期理论[J].经济理论与经济管理,2006年第3期:23-30
    ① 参阅:程惠芳,岑丽君.FDI、产业结构与国际经济周期协同性研究[J].经济研究,2010年第9期:17-28
    ② 参阅:岑丽君.经济周期协同及国际经济政策协调研究[J].浙江:浙江工业大学,2012年:第15页
    ① 西斯蒙第.政治经济学新原理[M].上海:商务印书馆,1977:82-140
    ② 参阅:张鹏.国际经济周期波动对我国经济体系的影响——基于传导机制的研究[D].天津:南开大学,2009年:13-14
    ① 参阅:李天锋.开放条件下经济周期波动传导机制研究——中国经验分析[D].上海:上海复旦大学,2011:21-22
    ① 参阅:刘恒.当代中国经济周期波动及形成机理研究[M].四川:西南财经大学出版社,2003:第46页
    ① 程惠芳,岑丽君.FDI、产业结构与国际经济周期协同性研究[J].经济研究,2010年第9期:17-28
    ① 参阅:宋玉华,周阳敏.世界经济周期的协同笥与非协同笥研究综述[J].经济学动态,2003年第12期:81-84
    ① 参阅:黄赜琳,朱保华.中国经济周期特征事实的经验研究[J].世界经济,2009年第7期:27-40
    [1]陈继勇.美国新经济周期与中美经贸关系[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,2004年:17-20
    [2]陈磊.中国经济周期波动的测定和理论研究[M].大连:东北财经大学出版社,2005年:4-21
    [3]戴维·罗默.高级宏观经济学[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2003年:第145页
    [4]黄赜琳.实际经济周期与中国经济波动[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社,2008年:第16页
    [5]刘恒.当代中国经济周期波动及形成机理研究[M].四川:西南财经大学出版社,2003:第46页
    [6]廖晓燕.中美经济波动及相关性研究[M].湖南人民出版社,2007年:35-50
    [7]宋玉华.世界经济周期理论与实证研究[M].北京:商务印书馆,2007年:21-34
    [8]西斯蒙第.政治经济学新原理[M].上海:商务印书馆,1977:82-140
    [9]程传海.东亚经济周期协同的研究[J].亚太经济,2007年第3期:10-15
    [10]程惠芳,岑丽君.FDI、产业结构与国际经济周期协同性研究[J].经济研究,2010年第9期:17-28
    [11]陈昆亭,周炎,龚六堂.中国经济周期波动特征分析:滤波方法的应用[J].世界经济,2004年第10期:47-56
    [12]陈乐一,李星.国际经济周期理论研究新进展[J].经济学动态,2010年第3期:93-97
    [13]陈磊.金融发展与中国省省区制造业出口的二元边际[J].中南财经政法大学学报,2011年第6期:71-77
    [14]陈磊,宋丽丽.金融发展与制造业出口的二元边际——基于新贸易理论的实证分析[J].南开经济研究,2011年第4期:67-85
    [15]崔晓燕.东亚最适度通货区内生性标准的检验——贸易与经济周期相关性的视角[J].金融理论与实践,2008年第11期:41-47
    [16]陈刃兵,陈宇媚.贸易增长的二元边际:一个文献综述[J].国际贸易问题,2011年第9期:160-168
    [17]邓军,王丽娟.生产分割、周期协同与主要贸易伙伴的关联:1995-2008年[J].改革,2012年第7期:96-103
    [18]杜群阳,朱剑光.产业内贸易对东亚经济周期协同性影响的实证研究[J].国际贸易问 题,2011年第12期:81-89
    [19]杜群阳,宋玉华.东亚经济周期与次区域经济周期存在性检验[J].国际贸易问题,2005年第8期:47-51
    [20]杜婷.中国经济周期波动的典型事实[J].世界经济,2007年第4期:3-12
    [21]丁振辉.生产依存度、产出关联与国际经济周期协同性——中国与主要贸易伙伴的实证检验[J].当代经济科学,2013年第1期:96-102
    [22]冯永琦.中美经济波动的国际贸易传导机制实证分析[J].当代财经,2009年第4期:91-95
    [23]郭晶,姚宇静.世界经济周期研究述评[J].经济纵横,2009年第6期:116-118
    [24]郭庆旺,贾俊雪.中国全要素生产率的估算:1979-2004[J].经济研究,2005年第6期:51-60
    [25]郭永建.世界及其主要经济体对中国经济周期波动的影响[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报,2006年第6期:36-39
    [26]黄玖立,李坤望,黎德福.中国地区实际经济周期的协同性[J].世界经济,2011年第9期:19-41
    [27]黄梅波,吕朝凤.中国经济周期福利成本的边际分析[J].世界经济,2011年第6期:71-83
    [28]黄赜琳,实际经济周期理论及其对中国的启发[J].经济问题,2007年第7期:6-9
    [29]黄赜琳,朱保华.中国经济周期特征事实的经验研究[J].世界经济,2009年第7期:27-40
    [30]蒋昭乙.金砖国家合作发展与经济周期的同步性[J].国际商务——对外经济贸易大学学报,2012年第2期:65-75
    [31]李春顶.新新贸易理论综述[J].世界经济文汇,2010年第1期:102-115
    [32]罗斐,庄起善.贸易强度对东南亚国家和地区经济波动同步性的影响[J].世界经济研究,2005年第2期:20-25
    [33]李浩,胡永刚,马知遥.国际贸易与中国的实际经济周期——基于封闭与开放经济的RBC模型比较分析[J].经济研究,2007年第5期:17-26
    [34]李磊,张志强,万玉琳.全球化与经济周期同步性——以中国和OECD国家为例[J].世界经济研究,2011年第1期:14-20
    [35]李天德,王悦,陈明伟.世界经济非周期性波动影响因素分析[J].财经科学,2009年 第5期:96-102
    [36]李星.中美两国经济周期同步性研究[J].财经理论与实践,2009年第3期:88-92
    [37]李星,陈乐一.美国经济周期对中国经济周期的贸易传导研究[J].财经研究,2011年第4期:37-47
    [38]李星,邹战勇.美国经济周期对中国经济周期的金融传导研究[J].求索,2011年第8期:35-37
    [39]刘恩专,刘立军.贸易边际与经济周期协同性——基于中国双边贸易数据的实证研究[J].南开经济研究,2012年第3期:24-38
    [40]刘恩专,刘立军.投资保护主义与中国对美国直接投资策略的适应性调整[J].河北学刊,2013年第3期。
    [41]刘宏青.中国对主要东亚经济体的贸易依存考察[J].亚太经济,2012年第5期:54-59
    [42]刘树成.新一轮经济周期的背景特点[J].经济研究,2004年第3期:4-9
    [43]彭斯达,陈继勇.中美经济周期的协同性研究:基于多宏观经济指标的综合考察[J].世界经济,2009年第2期:37-45
    [44]钱学锋,熊平.中国出口增长的二元边际及其因素决定[J].经济研究,2010年第1期
    [45]任志祥,宋玉华.中外产业内贸易与经济周期协同性的关系研究[J].统计研究,2004年第5期
    [46]施炳展.中国出口增长的三元边际[J].经济学季刊,2010年第9卷第4期
    [47]孙阳.贸易模式、贸易密度与经济周期协同性——对中国及其主要贸易国的实证研究[J].世界经济情况,2009年第1期:27-30
    [48]宋玉华,高莉.世界经济周期的贸易传导机制[J].世界经济研究,2007年第3期:19-25
    [49]宋玉华,吴聃.从国际经济周期理论到世界经济周期理论[J].经济理论与经济管理,2006年第3期:23-30
    [50]宋玉华,徐前春.世界经济周期理论的文献述评[.J].世界经济,2004年第6期:66-76
    [51]宋玉华,周阳敏.世界经济周期的协同性与非协同性研究综述[J].经济学动态,2003年第12期:81-84
    [52]沈悦,申建文.中国与美国经济周期波动的同步性分析:2000-2009[J].业太经济,2010年第1期:21-24
    [53]沈子荣.世界经济周期变迁及同步性分析[J].国际经济合作,2011年第2期:75-79
    [54]石柱鲜,黄红梅,邓创.贸易对中日韩经济周期协同性的影响研究[J].东北亚论坛,2009 年第4期:60-66
    [55]石柱鲜,吴泰岳,邓创,王晶晶.关于我国产业结构调整与经济周期波动的实证研究[J].数理统计与管理,2009年第3期:412-419
    [56]唐海燕.当代经济全球化的发展及其后果[J].华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),1999年第4期:1-9
    [57]唐柳洁,仇喜雪.实际经济周期模型的简化及图形分析[J].广西师范大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011年第3期:95-99
    [58]田秋生,唐汉清.中国经济周期的划分与波动趋势研究[J].统计与决策,2011年第14期:109-111
    [59]童笛,张文彬.东亚经济周期同步性研究[J].世界经济研究,2009年第8期:80-86
    [60]佟家栋,黄春嫒跨境生产分享与东亚地区一体化:中国的作用[J].亚太经济2008年第1期:13-17
    [61]万璐,王颖.贸易增长二元边际的演化与检验:一个文献综述[J].国际经济探索,2012年第5期:48-58
    [62]万志宏,戴金平.货币区的动态最优决策:兼谈东亚货币合作问题[J].世界经济,2003年第10期:10-17
    [63]王成勇,艾春荣.中国经济周期阶段的非线性平滑转换[J].经济研究,2010年第3期:78-90
    [64]王少平,胡进.中国GDP的趋势周期分解与随机冲击的持久效应[J].经济研究,2009年第4期:65-76
    [65]王悦.对外贸易变动对东亚经济周期同步性影响的计量分析[J].亚太经济,2007年第1期:6-11
    [66]王悦.中美双边贸易变动对两国经济周期同步性的影响:1979—2010[J].经济学家,2011年第11期:90-98
    [67]王悦.世界经济周期与区域经济周期的存在性研究[J].统计与决策,2012年第6期:132-135
    [68]许斌,韩高峰.汇率体制和出口边际[J].东南大学,2011年第6期:19-24
    [69]杨春艳.基于出口贸易增长的二元边际研究述评[J].求索,2001年第1期:44-46
    [70]薛敬孝,张兵.论东亚地区经济周期的同期性与非同期性[J].南开经济研究,2001年第4期:3-10
    [71]闫逢柱,苏李,田国英.中国出口贸易增长波动的实证分析——基于经济周期理论视角[J].当代财经,2009年第10期:99-104
    [72]易靖韬.企业异质性、市场进入成本、技术溢出效应与出口参与决定[J].2009年第9期:106-115
    [73]袁江,张成思.强制性技术变迁、不平衡增长与中国经济周期模型[J].经济研究,2009年第12期:17-29
    [74]袁堂军.中国企业全要素生产率水平研究[J].经济研究,2009年第6期:52-64
    [75]湛柏明,庄宗明.从中美贸易看美国经济波动对中国经济的影响[J].世界经济,2003年第2期:34-39
    [76]张兵.中美经济周期的同步性及传导机制分析[J].世界经济研究,2006年第10期:31-38
    [77]赵永亮,朱英杰.我国贸易多样性的影响因素和生产率增长——基于内延边际与外延边际的考察[J].世界经济研究,2011年第2期:32-39
    [78]郑宝银,林发勤.世界经济周期对我国出口贸易的影响[J].国际贸易问题,2009年第1期:3-9
    [79]宗毅君.本地市场效应与出口增长二元边际——基于中国1996-2009年制造行业面板数据的实证研究[J].浙江社会科学,2011年第11期:25-31
    [80]岑丽君.经济周期协同国际经济政策协调研究[D].浙江:浙江工业大学,2012年:第15页
    [81]崔晓燕.东亚最适度通货区的经济可行性研究[D].湖北:华中科技大学,2009
    [82]党繁亚.中国与东盟经济波动的相关性分析[D].山西:山西财经大学,2010:30-42
    [83]黄红梅.中日韩三国经济周期协同性的经验研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2008年:86-95
    [84]李海燕.东亚区域经济一体化与经济周期协同性研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2011年:45-60
    [85]李天锋.开放条件下经济周期波动传导机制研究——中国经验分析[D].上海:上海复旦大学,2011年:21-22
    [86]李文兵.我国产业结构结构变动对经济周期波动的影响研究[D].湖北:华中科技大学,2011年:34-67
    [87]李星.美国经济周期对中国经济周期的影响研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2009年:78-90
    [88]刘立军.跨境生产分享与国际经济周期传导机制研究[D].天津:天津财经大学,2009 年
    [89]任志祥.中国经济波动与世界经济周期的协同性研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2004年:67-84
    [90]王晓阳.东亚区域贸易发展问题研究[D],吉林:吉林大学,2012年:第41页
    [91]徐前春.世界经济周期的生成和传导机制研究[D].浙江:浙江大学,2004年:35-60
    [92]张鹏.国际经济周期波动对我国经济体系的影响——基于传导机制的研究[D].天津:南开大学,2009年:13-14
    [93]Kindleberger, C P. Foreign Trade and the National Economy:Studies in Comparative Economics [M]. New Haven and London:Yale University Press.1962
    [94]Ambler, S, E. Cardia and C. Zimmerman. International transmission of the Business cycle in a multi-sector model [J]. European Economic Review,2002(46):273-300
    [95]Amurgo-Pacheco A and M D Pierola. Patterns of Export Diversification in Developing Countries:Intensive and Extensive Margins [J]. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper,2008,No.4473
    [96]Andrew B. Bernard, J. Bradford Jensen, Stephen J. Redding and Peter K. Schott, The margins of U.S. trade [J]. NBER Working Paper,2009, No.14662
    [97]Ariel Burstein, Christopher Kurz and Linda Tesar, Trade, production sharing,and the international transmission of business cycles[J]. Journal of Monetary Economics,2008,vol. 55(4):775-795 [98] Backus, D K, P J Kehoe, and F Kydland. International Business Cycles:Theory vs.
    Evidence [J]. Frontiers of Business Cycle Research, Princeton University Press.1995 [99] Baxter, M and M Kouparitsas. Determinants of business cycle co-movement:A robust
    analysis [J]. Journal of Monetary Economics,2005(52):113-157 [100] Bergin, P and C Y Lin. The Dynamic Effects of Currency Union on Trade [J].NBER
    Working Papers,2010, No.16259 [101] Benard A B and J B Jesen. Exporters, Jobs and Wages in U.S. Manufacturing,
    1976-1987[J].Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Microeconomic,1995:67-119 [102] Benard A B and J B Jesen. Exceptional Exporter Performance:Cause, Effect, or
    Both?[J] Journal of International Economics,1999,47:1-26 [103] Benard A B, J Eaton, J B Jesen and S Kotum. Plants and Productivity in International Trade [J].American Economic Review,2003,93(4):1268-1292
    [104]Bernard A B, Stephen J R and Peter K Schott.Multi-product Firms and Trade Liberalization [J]. NBER Working Paper 2006,No.12782
    [105]Broda, Christian and David Weinstein. Globalization and the Gains from Variety [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,2006, Vol.121(2):541-85
    [106]Burns, A and W Michell. Measure business cycles, Studies in Business Cycles[J]. NBER Working paper,1946, No.2
    [107]Canova Fabio and Dellas Harris. Trade Interdependence and the International Business Cycle [J].Journal of International Economics,1993,34:23-47
    [108]Cesar Calderon, Alberto Chong, Ernesto Stein. Trade intensity and business cycle synchronization:are developing countries any different? [J]. Journal of International Economics,2007, Vol 71:2-21
    [109]Chaney T. Liquidity Constrained Exporters. Mimeo University of Chicago,2005
    [110]Chaney, T. Distorted gravity:The intensive and extensive margins of international trade [J]. The American Economic Review,2008,98(4):1707-1721
    [111]Choe, Jongil. An Impact of Economic Integration through Trade:On Business Cycles for 10 East Asian Countries [J].Journal of International Economics 2001,12(4):569-586
    [112]Clark, T E and E van Wincoop, Borders and Business Cycles [J]. Journal of International Economics,2001, Vol.55:59-85
    [113]Costas Arkolakis and Ananth Ramanarayanan. Vertical Specialization and International Business Cycle Synchronization[J].Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, 2009, vol.111(4):655-680
    [114]Don Harding, Adrian Pagan. Synchronization of Cycles[J].Journal of Econometrics, 2006,132:59-79
    [115]Eaton J and Kortum S 2002. Technology Geography and Trade [J]. Econometrica,2002 (70) 5:1741-1779
    [116]Eaton J, Kortum S, Kramarz F. Dissecting Trade:Firms, Industries, and Export Destinations[J].American Economic Review,2004,94(2):150-154
    [117]Eric C Y Ng. Production Fragmentation and Business cycle Co-movement [J].Journal of International Economics,2010,82:1-14
    [118]Ethier, W. National and international returns to scale in the modern theory of international trade [J].The American Economic Review,1982:389-405
    [119]Evenett SimonJ and Anthony J Venables. Export Growth in Developing Countries Market Entry and Bilateral Trade Flows, mimeo London School of Economics,2002
    [120]Feenstra, R and J Markusen. Accounting for growth with new inputs [J]. International Economic Review,1994,35(2):429-447
    [121]Felbermayr Gabriel J and Wilhelm Kohler. Exploring the Intensive and Extensive Margins of World Trade Review of World Economics,2006,142:642-674
    [122]Fidrmuc, Jarko. The Endogeneity of Optimum Currency Area Criteria, Intra-industry Trade and EMU Enlargement [J]. Contemporary Economic Policy,2004,22 (1):1-12
    [123]Fidrmuc, J. The Endogeneity of the Optimum Currency Area Criteria, Intra-industry Trade, and EMU Enlargement [J]. BOFIT Discussion Papers,2001, No.8.
    [124]Florin O Bilbiie, Fabio Ghironi and Marc J. Melitz. Endogenous Entry, Product Variety, and Business Cycles [J]. NBER Working Paper,2010, No.13646
    [125]Frankel, J A. and A K Rose. The Endogeneity of the Optimum Currency Area Criteria [J]. Economic Journal,1998, Vol 108:1009-1025.
    [126]George Alessandria and Horag Choi. Do Sunk Costs Of Exporting Matter for Net Export Dynamics [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,2007,122, (1):289-336
    [127]Ghironi, F and Melitz, M J. International trade and macroeconomic dynamics with heterogenous firms [J].The Quarterly Journal of Economics,2005,120(3):865-915
    [128]Ghironi, F., and Melitz, M.J. Trade flow dynamics with heterogeneous firms [J]. The American economic review,2007.97(2):356-361
    [129]Goldberg, P A Khandelwal, N Pavcnik, and P Topalova. Trade liberalization and new imported inputs[J]. American Economic Review,2009,99(2):494-500
    [130]Goldberg, P A Khandelwal, N Pavcnik, and P Topalova. Imported intermediate inputs and domestic product growth:Evidence from India [J]. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2010,125(4):1727
    [131]Gruben, Koo, Millis, How Much Does International Trade Affect Business Cycle Synchronization[J]. Manuscript Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas,2002
    [132]Helpman, E M Melitz, and Y Rubinstein. Estimating Trade Flows:Trading Partners and Trading Volumes [J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics,2008,123(2):441-487
    [133]Hodrick, R. and Prescott, E.C. Post-war U.S Business Cycles:An Empirical Investigation [J]. Journal of Money Credit and Banking,1997,29:1-16
    [134]Hummels, D Ishii, and K. Yi. The Nature and Growth of Vertical Specialization in World Trade [J]. Journal of International Economics,2001,54:75-96
    [135]Hummels, D, and P Klenow, The Variety and Quality of a Nation's Exports[J]. American Economic Review,2005,95(3):704-723
    [136]Imbs, Jean. Trade, Finance, Specialization, and Synchronization [J]. Review of Economics and Statistics,2004, Vol.86(3):723-34
    [137]James H Stock and Mark Watson. Understanding Changes in International Business Cycle Dynamics. NBER Working paper,2003, No.9859
    [138]Jansen,W J and Stockman A C.Foreign direct investment and international business cycle comovement[J].Economic Papers.2004 (10)
    [139]J.-S. Pentecote, J.-C. Poutineau, F. Rondeau. Extensive Margin of Trade and Business Cycle Correlations [J]. CREM CNRS 6211-University of Rennes 1,2010
    [140]Julian Giovanni and Andrei A. Levchenko. Putting the Parts Together:Trade, Vertical Linkages, and Business Cycle Co-movement[J].IMF Working Paper,2009, No.09/181
    [141]Karry A and Ventura J.Comparative advantage and the cross-section of business cycle[J].NBER working paper,2001,No.w8104
    [142]Kose,M A, Prasad E S and Terrones M E. How does globalization affect the synchronization of business cycles? [J].IZA Discussion Paper,2003(1)
    [143]Koupartitas.Is there a world business cycle [J].The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago,2001, No.172
    [144]Kose, M A and K Yi. International trade and business cycles:Is vertical integration the missing link [J]. American Economic Review,2001,91 (5):371-375
    [145]Kose, M Ayhan and Kei-Mu Yi. Can the Standard International Business Cycle Model Explain the Relation Between Trade and Comovement? [J].Journal of International Economics,2006, Vol.68(2):267-95
    [146]Krugman, Paul. Intraindustry Specialization and the Gains from Trade [J].Journal of Political Economy,1981,89:959-973
    [147]Krugman, Paul. First nature, second nature and metropolitan location [J].Journal of Regional Science,1993,Vol 33:129-144
    [148]Kumakura M.Trade and Business Cycle Co-Movements in Asia-Paeifie [J].Journal of Asian Economics,2006,17:622-645
    [149]Loayza, N H Lopez and A Ubide. Comovements and Sectoral Interdependence:Evidence for Latin America, East Asia and Europe[J]. IMF Staff Papers,2001,48:367-396
    [150]Lucas, R E Understanding Business Cycles. Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy [C].1977 (5):7-29
    [151]McKinnon, Ronald I. Optimum Currency Areas [J]. American Economic Review,1963, Vol 53:717-724
    [152]Melitz, M J. The Impact of Trade on Intra-industry Reallocations and Aggregate Industry Productivity [J]. Econometrica,2003,71(6):1695-725
    [153]Meltzer, A H. Monetary and other explanations of the Great Depression [J]. Journal of Monetary Economic,1976,2:456-471
    [154]Marianne Baxter and Robert G King. Measuring Business Cycles:Approximate Band-Pass Filters for Economic Time Series [J]. The Review of Economics and Statistics,1999, Vol.81(4):575-593
    [155]Pavcnik N.Trade Liberalization, Exit, and Productivity Improvements:Evidence from Chilean Plants [J].Review of Economic Studies,2002,Vol 69,No.1:245-276
    [156]Ramanarayanan, Ananth. Ties that Bind:Bilateral Trade's Role in Synchronizing Business Cycles [J]. Economic Letter-Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas,2009, Vol.4(1):1-8
    [157]Ravn, M O and Mazzenga, E. International business cycles:the quantitative role of transportation costs [J]. Journal of International Money and Finance,2004,23(4):645-671
    [158]Ravn, M O. International business cycle in theory and in practice [J] Journal of International Money and Finance,1997, vol 16 No.2:255-283
    [159]Romer, P. Endogenous technical change [J]. Journal of Political economy,1990,98(5): 71-102
    [160]Ruhl, Kim.2003. Solving the Elasticity Puzzle in International Economics, University of Minnesota, Mimeo
    [161]Sanjaya Lall. The Technological Structure and Performance of Developing Country Manufactured Exports,1985-98[J]. Oxford Development Studies,2000, Vol.28(3):337-369
    [162]Santacreu, A. Innovation, Diffusion, and Trade:Theory and Measurement [J].2009
    [163]Selover D D and Jensen R V. Mode-locking and international business cycle transmission[J], Journal of Economic Dynamics & Control 23:591-618
    [164]Shin, K and Y J Wang. Trade Integration and Business Cycle Co-movements:the Case of Korea with Other Asian Countries [J]. Japan and the World Economy,2004, Vol.16:213-230
    [165]Steve Ambler, Emanuela Cardia, Christian Zimmermann. International Business Cycles: What are the Facts? [J] Journal of Monetary Economics,2004,51:257-276
    [166]Stockman, A., and Tesar, L.L. Tastes and technology in a two-country model of business cycle:explaining international comovement. American Economic Review 1995,85(1): 168-185
    [167]Wei Liao and Ana Maria Santacreu. The Trade Co-movement Puzzle and the Margins of International Trade [J]. INSEAD Working Paper.2011, No.2011/130/EPS
    [168]Yi, Kei-Mu. Can Vertical Specialization Explain the Growth of World Trade? [J].Journal of Political Economy,2003:52-102

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700