POE、Engage、EPM改性LDPE发泡材料的制备与性能研究
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摘要
本文以LDPE为基体材料,乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、乙烯-丁烯共聚物(Engage)、二元乙丙橡胶(EPM)为增韧材料,CaCO3为填充料,硼酸酯、硬脂酸单甘油酯、油酸酰胺为界面改性剂,通过界面改性、增韧改性、密炼塑化、双辊混炼、模压交联发泡方法制备改性LDPE发泡弹性材料。采用红外光谱法、吸水性测定法对表面改性效果进行评价；用扫描电镜观察改性CaC03粉体在LDPE基体材料中的分散性以及对材料泡孔的影响。探讨POE、Engage、EPM、DCP、AC添加量对LDPE发泡过程中发泡压力、扭矩值、力学性能、泡孔形状的影响,对硫化发泡过程进行动力学研究,分析测试改性LDPE发泡材料的物理力学性能。
结果表明：经1.25%硼酸酯改性的CaCO3粉体吸水时间为2714s,在2850cm-1和1324 cm-1附近出现新的吸收峰；POE在LDPE基材中形成了“海—岛”结构两相体系,含40份POE的LDPE/POE材料发泡过程扭矩值增大,发泡后材料泡孔均匀性好,物理力学性能优良；Engage含量为30份时,LDPE/Engage发泡材料弹性扭矩值高,发泡后材料孔径增大,泡孔均匀性好；EPM用量增加,LDPE/EPM弹性扭矩值增大,发泡时间延长。含20质量份EPM的LDPE/EPM发泡材料熔体强度增强,发泡压力增大,泡孔均匀性好；优化配方和工艺后制成的改性LDPE发泡材料,物理力学性能好、成本适中,为改性LDPE发泡材料制备提供一种新的方法。
The modified LDPE foam materials comprising LDPE as matrix material, ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), ethylene-butene copolymer (Engage), or ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) as toughening materials, CaCO3 as reinforcing filler, which was modified by interfacial modifier such as borate, stearic acid monoglyceride and oleamide were prepared following the procedures of interface modification, toughening, mixing plasticizing, twin-roll mixing, curing and foaming. The interface modification effects of CaCO3 were evaluated by FT-IR and hygroscopic property. The dispersion of modified CaCO3 in LDPE matrix material and its impact on the material bubble hole were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of the amount of POE, Engage, EPM, DCP, and AC on foaming pressure, torque value, mechanical properties, and bubble-shaped of the LDPE foam material were discussed, the kinetics of vulcanization and crosslinking reaction were investigated, and the mechanical properties were also measured.
The results showed that new absorption peaks appeared at 2850 and 1324 cm-1 in infrared spectrum of CaCO3 modified by borate (1.25%wt); the "sea-island" two-phase structure was formed as the POE separated in the LDPE matrix. The torque value of the LDPE foaming materials with 40 phr POE increased in foaming processing, and this foamed material had uniform bubble holes, excellent physical and mechanical properties. When Engage was 30 phr in LDPE, the torque value of LDPE/Engage foaming material was higher; the foam bubble hole was bigger but uniform. With the EPM was increased, LDPE/EPM's torque value was increased, foaming time was delayed. The melt strength of the LDPE/EPM foaming materials with 20 phr EPM was enhanced, and the foam pressure became higher, foam bubble hole became more uniform. After formula and technology were optimized, the physical and mechanical properties of the modified LDPE foam materials were excellent, cost was moderate. The results can provide a new method to make the modified LDPE foam materials.
结果表明：经1.25%硼酸酯改性的CaCO3粉体吸水时间为2714s,在2850cm-1和1324 cm-1附近出现新的吸收峰；POE在LDPE基材中形成了“海—岛”结构两相体系,含40份POE的LDPE/POE材料发泡过程扭矩值增大,发泡后材料泡孔均匀性好,物理力学性能优良；Engage含量为30份时,LDPE/Engage发泡材料弹性扭矩值高,发泡后材料孔径增大,泡孔均匀性好；EPM用量增加,LDPE/EPM弹性扭矩值增大,发泡时间延长。含20质量份EPM的LDPE/EPM发泡材料熔体强度增强,发泡压力增大,泡孔均匀性好；优化配方和工艺后制成的改性LDPE发泡材料,物理力学性能好、成本适中,为改性LDPE发泡材料制备提供一种新的方法。
The modified LDPE foam materials comprising LDPE as matrix material, ethylene-octene copolymer (POE), ethylene-butene copolymer (Engage), or ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) as toughening materials, CaCO3 as reinforcing filler, which was modified by interfacial modifier such as borate, stearic acid monoglyceride and oleamide were prepared following the procedures of interface modification, toughening, mixing plasticizing, twin-roll mixing, curing and foaming. The interface modification effects of CaCO3 were evaluated by FT-IR and hygroscopic property. The dispersion of modified CaCO3 in LDPE matrix material and its impact on the material bubble hole were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The influence of the amount of POE, Engage, EPM, DCP, and AC on foaming pressure, torque value, mechanical properties, and bubble-shaped of the LDPE foam material were discussed, the kinetics of vulcanization and crosslinking reaction were investigated, and the mechanical properties were also measured.
The results showed that new absorption peaks appeared at 2850 and 1324 cm-1 in infrared spectrum of CaCO3 modified by borate (1.25%wt); the "sea-island" two-phase structure was formed as the POE separated in the LDPE matrix. The torque value of the LDPE foaming materials with 40 phr POE increased in foaming processing, and this foamed material had uniform bubble holes, excellent physical and mechanical properties. When Engage was 30 phr in LDPE, the torque value of LDPE/Engage foaming material was higher; the foam bubble hole was bigger but uniform. With the EPM was increased, LDPE/EPM's torque value was increased, foaming time was delayed. The melt strength of the LDPE/EPM foaming materials with 20 phr EPM was enhanced, and the foam pressure became higher, foam bubble hole became more uniform. After formula and technology were optimized, the physical and mechanical properties of the modified LDPE foam materials were excellent, cost was moderate. The results can provide a new method to make the modified LDPE foam materials.
引文
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