基于Web服务的集成应用研究
摘要
电子商务的蓬勃发展促使现代企业实体纷纷将业务模式由传统方式转为Internet方式，企业与其商务伙伴的商务进程也逐渐演变成彼此之间信息系统地直接对话；计算机技术的不断成熟使企业在构建信息系统的时候有了更多的选择，构建的系统干差万别，不同系统交互面临的环境是越来越复杂，成了电子商务进一步发展的瓶颈所在。
异构信息系统的不断增加，使各系统间的互操作性显得尤其必要。如何去动态地集成这些异构系统，使之能够无缝地进行通信，从而实现数据交换、信息共享，也就成了下一代互联网架构Web服务所要解决的主要问题。Web服务建立在完全开放的标准之上，可以被认为是基于Internet的组件开发模型，通过提供一种平台无关、语言无关、数据格式无关的Web访问接口，形成了一种在网络环境下，支持不同的系统平台、数据格式和编程语言的企业解决方案。
本文着重于如何采用Web服务去集成多个系统的交互应用。首先介绍了集成应用的需求以及国内外对此的研究；接着介绍了Web服务概念、模型、体系结构等内容；然后介绍了Web服务的主要应用技术，包括XML、SOAP、WSDL、UDDI；最后本文以一个B2B系统集成为例分析其Web服务解决方案。采用Microsoft的Visual
硕士论文
基于Web服务的集成应用研究
studio.Net 2003来创建web服务，Java技术来实现Web服务的消费，
探索了Java对.Net服务的访问以及SOAP消息的发送与接收。Java
具有天生的平台无关性，可以部署在非诚ndows平台系统上，所以
本论文实现的系统具有很好的跨平台操作能力，它的开发和实现再次
验证了认飞b服务解决系统集成问题的优势所在。
The booming development of the electronic commerce urge the modern business enterprise entity to change their business mode from traditional way to Internet way, therefore the business processes between the enterprises and its business partners are also gradually evolving into direct communication between the information system of each other; the continuous maturity of computer technology provides the enterprises with more and more choices when setting up their information system which results in the diversification of information system built. The environment for different systems to interact is becoming more and more complicated, and this is the bottleneck of further development of electronic commerce.
The continuous increase of heterogeneous information systems makes the operability between them particularly necessary. How to dynamically integrate these heterogeneous systems and make them communicate seamlessly, realize the data exchange and share the information is the main issue which the next generation of internet structure - web service is going to resolve. Web service is based on entirely open standards and can be considered as the component development mode grounded on Internet. By providing a kind of platform
independent, language independents data format independent web access interface, it composes the business enterprise solution supporting different system platform , data format and program language under the environment of network.
This issue puts great emphasis on how to adopt web service to integrate the multiply systems for operability. First it introduces the need of integrated application and the research work being done domestically and internationally; and then it introduces web service's concepts modes architecture etc.; afterwards it focuses on the main technology constituting web service including XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI; Finally this paper ends up with a B2B system integration demonstration and analyzes the web service solution. Microsoft Visual Studio.Net is adopted to create web service and Java is used to consume web service. This paper investigates Java's invocation of .Net web service and traces the sending and receiving of SOAP message. As Java has been born platform-independent, it can be deployed into non-Windows platform. As a result, the system developed in this paper has the good cross-platform operation ability; this verifies again that web service has the superior advantages to solve the issue of system integra
tion.
异构信息系统的不断增加，使各系统间的互操作性显得尤其必要。如何去动态地集成这些异构系统，使之能够无缝地进行通信，从而实现数据交换、信息共享，也就成了下一代互联网架构Web服务所要解决的主要问题。Web服务建立在完全开放的标准之上，可以被认为是基于Internet的组件开发模型，通过提供一种平台无关、语言无关、数据格式无关的Web访问接口，形成了一种在网络环境下，支持不同的系统平台、数据格式和编程语言的企业解决方案。
本文着重于如何采用Web服务去集成多个系统的交互应用。首先介绍了集成应用的需求以及国内外对此的研究；接着介绍了Web服务概念、模型、体系结构等内容；然后介绍了Web服务的主要应用技术，包括XML、SOAP、WSDL、UDDI；最后本文以一个B2B系统集成为例分析其Web服务解决方案。采用Microsoft的Visual
硕士论文
基于Web服务的集成应用研究
studio.Net 2003来创建web服务，Java技术来实现Web服务的消费，
探索了Java对.Net服务的访问以及SOAP消息的发送与接收。Java
具有天生的平台无关性，可以部署在非诚ndows平台系统上，所以
本论文实现的系统具有很好的跨平台操作能力，它的开发和实现再次
验证了认飞b服务解决系统集成问题的优势所在。
The booming development of the electronic commerce urge the modern business enterprise entity to change their business mode from traditional way to Internet way, therefore the business processes between the enterprises and its business partners are also gradually evolving into direct communication between the information system of each other; the continuous maturity of computer technology provides the enterprises with more and more choices when setting up their information system which results in the diversification of information system built. The environment for different systems to interact is becoming more and more complicated, and this is the bottleneck of further development of electronic commerce.
The continuous increase of heterogeneous information systems makes the operability between them particularly necessary. How to dynamically integrate these heterogeneous systems and make them communicate seamlessly, realize the data exchange and share the information is the main issue which the next generation of internet structure - web service is going to resolve. Web service is based on entirely open standards and can be considered as the component development mode grounded on Internet. By providing a kind of platform
independent, language independents data format independent web access interface, it composes the business enterprise solution supporting different system platform , data format and program language under the environment of network.
This issue puts great emphasis on how to adopt web service to integrate the multiply systems for operability. First it introduces the need of integrated application and the research work being done domestically and internationally; and then it introduces web service's concepts modes architecture etc.; afterwards it focuses on the main technology constituting web service including XML, SOAP, WSDL and UDDI; Finally this paper ends up with a B2B system integration demonstration and analyzes the web service solution. Microsoft Visual Studio.Net is adopted to create web service and Java is used to consume web service. This paper investigates Java's invocation of .Net web service and traces the sending and receiving of SOAP message. As Java has been born platform-independent, it can be deployed into non-Windows platform. As a result, the system developed in this paper has the good cross-platform operation ability; this verifies again that web service has the superior advantages to solve the issue of system integra
tion.
引文
[1]Sean Baker The Three Steps to Web service Integration http://www.iona.com/ emea/emea_news/The_Three_Steps_to_Web_service_Integration.pdf
[2]郭少友web服务与企业信息系统集成 情报科学 2003 No．3：306-309
[3]杨阳 杨宗凯 基于SOAP的应用集成方案 应用技术2002 No．5：24-26
[4]The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL) http://www.w3.org/Style/XSL/
[5]XML Schema http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[6]SOAP Version 1.2 http://www.w3.org/tr/soap
[7]Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1 http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl
[8]uddi.org http://www.uddi.org
[9]James Snell Web services : Web services insider, Part 1 How far have we come? http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/ws-ref/indexl_eng.shtml
[10]Microsoft .Net 开发框架,2001, http://www.huihoo.com/one_and_net/dotnet.html
[11]Sun Open Network Environment White Papers 2001 http://www.sun.corn/sunone
[12]中国UDDI技术联盟http://www.uddi-china.org
[13]WS-C.org, Web Services 技术论坛 http://www.ws-e.org/
[14]http://www.Amazon.eom
[15]http://www.amazon.com/gp/aws/sell_vend.html/002-2313967-0280069
[16]Russell Jones Using Amazon's Web Services Toolkit in Your Windows Forms Applications http://www.devx.com/webdev/Article/10179
[17]李东，周晓宇，徐宝文．SOAP及其对Web服务的影响 计算机工程与应用2002，No．12：78-81
[18]柴晓路，架构Web Service：什么是Web服务? http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws.wsar/part2/index.shtml
[19]吕曦，王化文．Web Service的架构与协议 计算机应用2002，No．12：62-65
[20]柴晓路，架构Web Service：什么是Web服务 http://www-900.ibm.corn/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/part2/index.shtml
[21]柴晓路，架构Web Service：基于Web服务的应用、解决方案和开发平台http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/part3/index.shtml
[22]MicrosoR．NET让新一代因特网变成现实http://www, microsoft. com/china/net/it/whitepaper.asp
[23]柴晓路，架构Web Service：为什么需要Web服务?http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/partl/index.shtml
[24]Graham Glass, The Web services evolution Applying Web services to applications http://www-900.ibm.eorn/developerWorks/cn/components/ws-peer 1/index_eng.shtml
[25]谢莉莉，林春梅，陈家训 基于XML的数据交换中心原型系统 计算机工程2002，No．5：100-101
[26]Don Box. Soap Increases Interoperability across platforms and Language MSDN, 15(3),2000
[27]曾铮，吴明辉，应晶．简单对象访问协议SOAP综述 计算机应用研究2002，No．2：5-8
[28]Yasser Shohoud. RPC/Literal and Freedom of Choice April 2003 http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp ?url=/library/en-us/dnwebsrv/html/rpc-li teral.asp
[29]Peter Bdttenham Understanding WSDL in a UDDI registry http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl/ http://www-106.ibm.corn/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl2.html http://www-106.ibm.corrgdeveloperworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl3/
[30]Using WSDL in a UDDI Registry Version 1.07 UDDI Best Practice http://www.uddi.org/pubs/wsdlbestpmctices-V1.07-Open-20020521 .pdf
[31]Heather Kreger Web Services Conceptual Architecture(WSCA 1.0) PartI http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsca/part2/index_eng.s html
[32]UDDI，UDDI技术白皮书http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/UDDI_Technical_White_Paper_CN.pdf
[33]UDDI, UDDI 执行白皮书http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/UDDI_Executive_White_Paper_CN.pdf
[34]柴晓路UDDI注册信息的数据模型http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/soap/index8.shtml
[35]UDDI，UDDI程序员API规范2.0 http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/ProgrammersAPI-V2.00-Open-20010608-CN.pdf
[36]UDDI，UDDI数据结构参考v2.0 http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/DataStructure-V2.00-Open-20010608-CN.pdf
[37]Karsten Januszewski Web Service Description and Discovery Using UDDI http://msdn.microsoft.com/li brary/default.asp?url=/library /en-us/dnservice/html/servic e10032001.asp
[38]UDDI4J http://www-124.ibm.corn/developerworks/oss/uddi4j/
[39]Damian Hagge Dynamic Discovery and Invocation of Web services http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservfces/library/ws-udax.html
[40]张文斌，叶红云，陈恩红．基于Web Service的B2B电子商务环境构建技术计算机工程2002，No．11：69-71
[41]WSIF http://ws.apache.org/wsif/
[42]Paul Fremantle Applying the Web services invocation framework http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-appwsif/index_eng.sht ml
[43]Mark Little, Thomas J Freund. A comparison of Web services transaction protocols http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-comproto/index_eng.sh tml
[44]宁葵，腾金芳．新一代的分布式技术----Web服务 计算机工程 2003，No．03：192-194
[45]沈伯青，杨宗凯WEB服务的基石-UDDI技术计算机工程与应用 2003，No．03： 147-150
[46]宋善德，王雪飞．基于Web服务的企业应用集成方案计算机应用研究2002，No．06：127-129
[2]郭少友web服务与企业信息系统集成 情报科学 2003 No．3：306-309
[3]杨阳 杨宗凯 基于SOAP的应用集成方案 应用技术2002 No．5：24-26
[4]The Extensible Stylesheet Language Family (XSL) http://www.w3.org/Style/XSL/
[5]XML Schema http://www.w3.org/XML/Schema
[6]SOAP Version 1.2 http://www.w3.org/tr/soap
[7]Web Services Description Language (WSDL) 1.1 http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl
[8]uddi.org http://www.uddi.org
[9]James Snell Web services : Web services insider, Part 1 How far have we come? http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/ws-ref/indexl_eng.shtml
[10]Microsoft .Net 开发框架,2001, http://www.huihoo.com/one_and_net/dotnet.html
[11]Sun Open Network Environment White Papers 2001 http://www.sun.corn/sunone
[12]中国UDDI技术联盟http://www.uddi-china.org
[13]WS-C.org, Web Services 技术论坛 http://www.ws-e.org/
[14]http://www.Amazon.eom
[15]http://www.amazon.com/gp/aws/sell_vend.html/002-2313967-0280069
[16]Russell Jones Using Amazon's Web Services Toolkit in Your Windows Forms Applications http://www.devx.com/webdev/Article/10179
[17]李东，周晓宇，徐宝文．SOAP及其对Web服务的影响 计算机工程与应用2002，No．12：78-81
[18]柴晓路，架构Web Service：什么是Web服务? http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws.wsar/part2/index.shtml
[19]吕曦，王化文．Web Service的架构与协议 计算机应用2002，No．12：62-65
[20]柴晓路，架构Web Service：什么是Web服务 http://www-900.ibm.corn/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/part2/index.shtml
[21]柴晓路，架构Web Service：基于Web服务的应用、解决方案和开发平台http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/part3/index.shtml
[22]MicrosoR．NET让新一代因特网变成现实http://www, microsoft. com/china/net/it/whitepaper.asp
[23]柴晓路，架构Web Service：为什么需要Web服务?http://www-9OO.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsar/partl/index.shtml
[24]Graham Glass, The Web services evolution Applying Web services to applications http://www-900.ibm.eorn/developerWorks/cn/components/ws-peer 1/index_eng.shtml
[25]谢莉莉，林春梅，陈家训 基于XML的数据交换中心原型系统 计算机工程2002，No．5：100-101
[26]Don Box. Soap Increases Interoperability across platforms and Language MSDN, 15(3),2000
[27]曾铮，吴明辉，应晶．简单对象访问协议SOAP综述 计算机应用研究2002，No．2：5-8
[28]Yasser Shohoud. RPC/Literal and Freedom of Choice April 2003 http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp ?url=/library/en-us/dnwebsrv/html/rpc-li teral.asp
[29]Peter Bdttenham Understanding WSDL in a UDDI registry http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl/ http://www-106.ibm.corn/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl2.html http://www-106.ibm.corrgdeveloperworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl3/
[30]Using WSDL in a UDDI Registry Version 1.07 UDDI Best Practice http://www.uddi.org/pubs/wsdlbestpmctices-V1.07-Open-20020521 .pdf
[31]Heather Kreger Web Services Conceptual Architecture(WSCA 1.0) PartI http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-wsca/part2/index_eng.s html
[32]UDDI，UDDI技术白皮书http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/UDDI_Technical_White_Paper_CN.pdf
[33]UDDI, UDDI 执行白皮书http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/UDDI_Executive_White_Paper_CN.pdf
[34]柴晓路UDDI注册信息的数据模型http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/xml/soap/index8.shtml
[35]UDDI，UDDI程序员API规范2.0 http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/ProgrammersAPI-V2.00-Open-20010608-CN.pdf
[36]UDDI，UDDI数据结构参考v2.0 http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/DataStructure-V2.00-Open-20010608-CN.pdf
[37]Karsten Januszewski Web Service Description and Discovery Using UDDI http://msdn.microsoft.com/li brary/default.asp?url=/library /en-us/dnservice/html/servic e10032001.asp
[38]UDDI4J http://www-124.ibm.corn/developerworks/oss/uddi4j/
[39]Damian Hagge Dynamic Discovery and Invocation of Web services http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservfces/library/ws-udax.html
[40]张文斌，叶红云，陈恩红．基于Web Service的B2B电子商务环境构建技术计算机工程2002，No．11：69-71
[41]WSIF http://ws.apache.org/wsif/
[42]Paul Fremantle Applying the Web services invocation framework http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-appwsif/index_eng.sht ml
[43]Mark Little, Thomas J Freund. A comparison of Web services transaction protocols http://www-900.ibm.com/developerWorks/cn/webservices/ws-comproto/index_eng.sh tml
[44]宁葵，腾金芳．新一代的分布式技术----Web服务 计算机工程 2003，No．03：192-194
[45]沈伯青，杨宗凯WEB服务的基石-UDDI技术计算机工程与应用 2003，No．03： 147-150
[46]宋善德，王雪飞．基于Web服务的企业应用集成方案计算机应用研究2002，No．06：127-129