国道325九江修复桥组合梁斜拉桥施工技术研究
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摘要
钢-混凝土组合梁斜拉桥是近期发展起来的一种新型结构体系,钢与混凝土结合可以提高结构的力学性能,改善其经济性能,其跨越能力与建造速度也远远超过混凝土斜拉桥,为特大跨度斜拉桥的建造创造了条件,所以最近几年组合梁桥的工程实例不断增加。但是组合梁斜拉桥设计及施工控制机理较为复杂,混凝土与钢结构的连接施工工艺成为组合梁斜拉桥施工中的关键技术。
G325国道九江修复桥采用(100+100)m独塔双索面组合梁斜拉桥,塔、梁、墩固结,主塔采用双柱式,斜拉索布置采用竖琴型双索面。本文以九江修复桥为背景,探讨了组合梁斜拉桥施工技术的几个关键问题。
研究其索塔施工工艺,结合九江修复桥索塔实际情况,提出爬架配合翻模的方式进行施工的施工工艺和施工技术,结合施工工程中遇到的问题与解决的方法,为主塔施工技术与施工工艺提供经验。
组合梁斜拉桥主梁采用“工字型”钢纵梁、横梁、小纵梁形成钢构架,在构架上架设预制桥面板,通过抗剪栓钉使其形成整体,组成组合梁体系。本文对组合梁的钢构架与预制桥面板的施工技术与施工工艺展开研究,采用合理的钢-混凝土组合梁安装的施工工艺,以达到更好的经济效益和社会效益。
组合梁吊装施工过程中需要进行多次张拉与调索,为得到结构主塔,钢主梁,混凝土桥面板的合理受力分布情况,应用大型有限元软件ANSYS建立了包括三维杆件单元、空间块体单元和弹性壳体单元的空间三维模型,从而得到各个施工阶段桥梁钢主梁与桥面板的应力、应变分布情况,指导施工的顺利进行,同时证实了板块单元模型在组合梁斜拉桥的应力控制中的可行性。
为保证斜拉桥在施工过程中结构的受力状态和变形始终处于设计所要求的安全范围内,给出了九江桥的施工监控过程和结果,并在成桥后进行成桥荷载检测,了解桥跨结构的实际工作状态、固有振动特性以及其在长期使用荷载阶段的动力性能,判断其实际承载能力。
Steel-concrete composite beam cable-stayed bridge is a new developing type of structural system. The structural mechanical properties and the economic performance can be improved by combining steel and concrete. Its spanning capacity and construction speed have exceeded the concrete cable-stayed bridge by using the reasonable structural type of composite beam bridge. It has provided the advantages for the construction of large span cable-stayed bridge. Recently, composite beam bridges keep increasing and have become an important mean of the cable-stayed bridges’design and construction. However, composite beam cable-stayed bridges’design and construction monitoring are more complex. The connected construction technology between steel and concrete has been the key technology in bridge construction.
Jiujiang restoring bridge is composite beam cable-stayed bridge with single tower and double cable planes across (100+100)m. The tower, beam and pier are consolidated. The main tower is dual-column. The cable layout adopts hard type with double cable planes. Based on the Jiujiang restoring bridge, the paper discussed several key issues about the composite beam cable-stayed bridges’construction technologies.
The tower’s construction technologies and the templates’installation technologies are studied. Based on the actural situation of Jiujiang bridges’tower, the way combining climbing frames and turning models was put forward to carrying out the construction technologies. It provides experience and suggestion to the main tower’s construction technologies combining with the problems encountered in the construction and the solutions.
The main beams adopt the steel frame formed by steel stringers, beams and small stringers. The precast bridge decks are put in the framework to form a whole composite beam system using the shear studs. This paper studies the construction technologies about the composite beam’s steel frameworks and the precast bridge decks. In order to achieve more economic and social benefits, the bridge used reasonable construction technologies of steel-concrete composite beams’installation.
It needed to tension and adjust cables many times in the process of lifting the composite beams. To obtain the reasonable force distribution of the main towers, beams and the concrete deck slabs, the three-dimensional model was established including three-dimensional bar elements, special beam elements and elastic shell elements using finite element software Ansys. Then the stress and strain distribution of the bridges’main beams and bridge decks in all the construction phases to instruct the construction. Meantime the feasibility of the beam element models’stress controlling in composite beam cable-stayed bridge was confirmed.
To ensure that the cable-stayed bridge’s force and deformation are always within the designed safety status, Jiujiang bridge’s construction monitoring processes and results were given. The load detection of the finished bridge was carried out to have knowledge of the structure’s actual working conditions, natural vibration characteristics and its dynamic performance in the long-term live load phase and to judge the actual carrying capacity.
G325国道九江修复桥采用(100+100)m独塔双索面组合梁斜拉桥,塔、梁、墩固结,主塔采用双柱式,斜拉索布置采用竖琴型双索面。本文以九江修复桥为背景,探讨了组合梁斜拉桥施工技术的几个关键问题。
研究其索塔施工工艺,结合九江修复桥索塔实际情况,提出爬架配合翻模的方式进行施工的施工工艺和施工技术,结合施工工程中遇到的问题与解决的方法,为主塔施工技术与施工工艺提供经验。
组合梁斜拉桥主梁采用“工字型”钢纵梁、横梁、小纵梁形成钢构架,在构架上架设预制桥面板,通过抗剪栓钉使其形成整体,组成组合梁体系。本文对组合梁的钢构架与预制桥面板的施工技术与施工工艺展开研究,采用合理的钢-混凝土组合梁安装的施工工艺,以达到更好的经济效益和社会效益。
组合梁吊装施工过程中需要进行多次张拉与调索,为得到结构主塔,钢主梁,混凝土桥面板的合理受力分布情况,应用大型有限元软件ANSYS建立了包括三维杆件单元、空间块体单元和弹性壳体单元的空间三维模型,从而得到各个施工阶段桥梁钢主梁与桥面板的应力、应变分布情况,指导施工的顺利进行,同时证实了板块单元模型在组合梁斜拉桥的应力控制中的可行性。
为保证斜拉桥在施工过程中结构的受力状态和变形始终处于设计所要求的安全范围内,给出了九江桥的施工监控过程和结果,并在成桥后进行成桥荷载检测,了解桥跨结构的实际工作状态、固有振动特性以及其在长期使用荷载阶段的动力性能,判断其实际承载能力。
Steel-concrete composite beam cable-stayed bridge is a new developing type of structural system. The structural mechanical properties and the economic performance can be improved by combining steel and concrete. Its spanning capacity and construction speed have exceeded the concrete cable-stayed bridge by using the reasonable structural type of composite beam bridge. It has provided the advantages for the construction of large span cable-stayed bridge. Recently, composite beam bridges keep increasing and have become an important mean of the cable-stayed bridges’design and construction. However, composite beam cable-stayed bridges’design and construction monitoring are more complex. The connected construction technology between steel and concrete has been the key technology in bridge construction.
Jiujiang restoring bridge is composite beam cable-stayed bridge with single tower and double cable planes across (100+100)m. The tower, beam and pier are consolidated. The main tower is dual-column. The cable layout adopts hard type with double cable planes. Based on the Jiujiang restoring bridge, the paper discussed several key issues about the composite beam cable-stayed bridges’construction technologies.
The tower’s construction technologies and the templates’installation technologies are studied. Based on the actural situation of Jiujiang bridges’tower, the way combining climbing frames and turning models was put forward to carrying out the construction technologies. It provides experience and suggestion to the main tower’s construction technologies combining with the problems encountered in the construction and the solutions.
The main beams adopt the steel frame formed by steel stringers, beams and small stringers. The precast bridge decks are put in the framework to form a whole composite beam system using the shear studs. This paper studies the construction technologies about the composite beam’s steel frameworks and the precast bridge decks. In order to achieve more economic and social benefits, the bridge used reasonable construction technologies of steel-concrete composite beams’installation.
It needed to tension and adjust cables many times in the process of lifting the composite beams. To obtain the reasonable force distribution of the main towers, beams and the concrete deck slabs, the three-dimensional model was established including three-dimensional bar elements, special beam elements and elastic shell elements using finite element software Ansys. Then the stress and strain distribution of the bridges’main beams and bridge decks in all the construction phases to instruct the construction. Meantime the feasibility of the beam element models’stress controlling in composite beam cable-stayed bridge was confirmed.
To ensure that the cable-stayed bridge’s force and deformation are always within the designed safety status, Jiujiang bridge’s construction monitoring processes and results were given. The load detection of the finished bridge was carried out to have knowledge of the structure’s actual working conditions, natural vibration characteristics and its dynamic performance in the long-term live load phase and to judge the actual carrying capacity.
引文
[1]周孟波.斜拉桥手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[2]林元培.斜拉桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1994
[3]周明,施耀忠.大跨径悬索桥、斜拉桥的发展趋势[J].中南公路工程,2000,25(3):33-34
[4]雷宇.组合梁斜拉桥静力稳定性研究[D].西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文.2005
[5]莫时旭.钢箱-混凝土组合结构行为试验与分析[D].西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文.2001
[6]顾安邦.桥梁工程(下册)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000.267-273
[7]王伯惠.斜拉桥结构发展和中国经验.北京:人民交通出版社,2003.9
[8]间开军,孙江涛,胡晓东.浅谈斜拉桥的发展.湖南交通科技,1999,25(1):38一41
[9]徐明.钢-混凝土组合梁受力性能试验研究和有限元分析.合肥工业大学硕士研究生学位论文.2009
[10]陈明宪.大跨径斜拉桥建设与展望[J].公路,2002,(10):60-65
[11]谭鑫波.组合梁斜拉桥参数敏感性分析与施工监控[D].西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文.2007
[12]吴宗玖.上海叠合梁施工技术[J].上海市政工程1995,(4):12-20
[13]袁萍,李乐洲,刘会.双索面PC斜拉桥主塔施工技术[J].现代交通科技.2008(4):39-42
[14]陆安,薛振宇.独立曲塔双索面斜拉桥主塔施工技术[J].科技创新导报.2010(1):60
[15]高荣雄.混合梁斜拉桥施工控制技术研究[M].武汉理工大学博士学位论文.2005
[16]大跨径桥梁桥型比较
[17]徐君兰主编,项海帆主审.大跨度桥梁施工控制.北京:人民交通出版社.2000
[18]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社.2001
[19]陈德伟,许俊,周宗泽,李国志.预应力混凝土斜拉桥施工控制新进展.同济大学学报.2001,29(1):99-103
[20] ]葛耀君.分段施工桥梁分析与控制[Ml.北京:人民交通出版社2003.6
[21]齐同钦.索塔施工技术简介[J].河港工程.2003(1):1-5
[22]赵艳.大悬臂钢一混凝土组合梁德受力分析及试验研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2001
[23]严正庭,严立.钢与混凝土组合结构计算构造手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,
[24]赵鸿铁著.钢与混凝土组合结构[M].北京:科学出版社,2001
[25]聂建国,余志武.钢一混凝土组合梁在我国的研究及应用[J].土木工程学报.1999,32(2):3-7
[26]张培信.钢一混凝土组合结构设计[M」.2004.3,上海:上海科学技术出版社
[27]聂建国,刘明,叶列平.钢一混凝土组合结构[MI.北京:中国建造工山出版社,2005.3
[28]林宗凡.钢一混凝土组合结构[M」.2004.2.上海:同济大学出版社.1-105
[29]贾布裕,林致胜,叶锡钧.九江南主桥重建斜拉桥总结报告.2009年6月份
[30]中华人民共和国交通部. JTJD60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[31]中华人民共和国交通部. JTJD62-2004.公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥梁设计规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[32]王歇成编著.有限单元法.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.7
[33]张立明.Algor、Ansys在桥梁工程中的应用方法与实例.人民交通出版社.2003
[2]林元培.斜拉桥[M].北京:人民交通出版社,1994
[3]周明,施耀忠.大跨径悬索桥、斜拉桥的发展趋势[J].中南公路工程,2000,25(3):33-34
[4]雷宇.组合梁斜拉桥静力稳定性研究[D].西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文.2005
[5]莫时旭.钢箱-混凝土组合结构行为试验与分析[D].西南交通大学博士研究生学位论文.2001
[6]顾安邦.桥梁工程(下册)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2000.267-273
[7]王伯惠.斜拉桥结构发展和中国经验.北京:人民交通出版社,2003.9
[8]间开军,孙江涛,胡晓东.浅谈斜拉桥的发展.湖南交通科技,1999,25(1):38一41
[9]徐明.钢-混凝土组合梁受力性能试验研究和有限元分析.合肥工业大学硕士研究生学位论文.2009
[10]陈明宪.大跨径斜拉桥建设与展望[J].公路,2002,(10):60-65
[11]谭鑫波.组合梁斜拉桥参数敏感性分析与施工监控[D].西南交通大学硕士研究生学位论文.2007
[12]吴宗玖.上海叠合梁施工技术[J].上海市政工程1995,(4):12-20
[13]袁萍,李乐洲,刘会.双索面PC斜拉桥主塔施工技术[J].现代交通科技.2008(4):39-42
[14]陆安,薛振宇.独立曲塔双索面斜拉桥主塔施工技术[J].科技创新导报.2010(1):60
[15]高荣雄.混合梁斜拉桥施工控制技术研究[M].武汉理工大学博士学位论文.2005
[16]大跨径桥梁桥型比较
[17]徐君兰主编,项海帆主审.大跨度桥梁施工控制.北京:人民交通出版社.2000
[18]向中富.桥梁施工控制技术.北京:人民交通出版社.2001
[19]陈德伟,许俊,周宗泽,李国志.预应力混凝土斜拉桥施工控制新进展.同济大学学报.2001,29(1):99-103
[20] ]葛耀君.分段施工桥梁分析与控制[Ml.北京:人民交通出版社2003.6
[21]齐同钦.索塔施工技术简介[J].河港工程.2003(1):1-5
[22]赵艳.大悬臂钢一混凝土组合梁德受力分析及试验研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2001
[23]严正庭,严立.钢与混凝土组合结构计算构造手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,
[24]赵鸿铁著.钢与混凝土组合结构[M].北京:科学出版社,2001
[25]聂建国,余志武.钢一混凝土组合梁在我国的研究及应用[J].土木工程学报.1999,32(2):3-7
[26]张培信.钢一混凝土组合结构设计[M」.2004.3,上海:上海科学技术出版社
[27]聂建国,刘明,叶列平.钢一混凝土组合结构[MI.北京:中国建造工山出版社,2005.3
[28]林宗凡.钢一混凝土组合结构[M」.2004.2.上海:同济大学出版社.1-105
[29]贾布裕,林致胜,叶锡钧.九江南主桥重建斜拉桥总结报告.2009年6月份
[30]中华人民共和国交通部. JTJD60-2004.公路桥涵设计通用规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[31]中华人民共和国交通部. JTJD62-2004.公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥梁设计规范.北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[32]王歇成编著.有限单元法.北京:清华大学出版社,2003.7
[33]张立明.Algor、Ansys在桥梁工程中的应用方法与实例.人民交通出版社.2003