信息资源规划在企业数字化仪表盘项目中的应用研究
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摘要
随着信息化的迅猛发展，对企业的信息化建设和管理提出了更高的要求。面对日益激烈的竞争，企业必须对市场环境的变化做出快速反映，必须更快、更及时地了解和掌握业务运行状况。
信息资源规划是指对企业信息的采集、处理、传输和使用的全面规划，运用信息工程和数据管理理论，通过总体规划打好数据和信息的管理基础，解决系统集成或系统重建问题。数字化仪表盘就是及时提供企业关键运营数据，通过集中信息展示的仪表盘，帮助管理人员进行决策和分析。
某大型IT企业客户服务体系中历年建设了很多业务信息系统，但缺乏整体规划，互相影响，数据传输复杂，稳定性欠佳。本论文正是基于此背景下的数字化仪表盘项目，通过信息资源规划思想指导重新建设IT体系架构以及KPI数字化仪表盘展示系统。本论文首先介绍了信息资源规划和数字化仪表盘的思想和联系；其次，分析了客服体系的复杂信息系统应用现状，以及关于统一基础数据和建设KPI报表展示的数字化仪表盘项目需求。接着进行了信息资源管理模式建立的研究，重新规划设计了客户服务体系的IT系统架构以及数据应用关系，整合统一了相关基础数据，评估并采用Sagent和Brio等技术和工具，建立了KPI指标，从数据抽取、清洗、转换直到前端分析呈现的完整系统。规范了混乱的应用格局，降低了系统运维成本，并提供了多维数据分析的应用平台，同时也为进一步深入的商业智能应用奠定了良好的基础。
With the rapid development of information technology, there are more and more requirements for enterprise information system construction and management. Under more and more intense competition, enterprises have to adapt to changes of market environment quickly, and to learn business operation status on time.
Information resource planning is the overall planning of information collection, processing, transmission and utilization. It is based on theory of information engineering and data management to solve the problem of system integration or system rebuilding. The purpose of digital dashboard is to provide critical operation data in time, and to support managers making decision and analyzing through dashboard showing information centrally.
One large IT corporation has constructed many business information systems for customer service system in many years. However, no holistic planning was applied during the construction process. These information systems have influenced each other and have poor stability. Data transmission between them was very complicated. This paper is about the new digital dashboard project for this corporation, which rebuilt IT architecture and constructed KPI (Key Performance Indication) digital dashboard illustration system. Firstly, the theory and relation of information resource planning and digital dashboard are introduced. Secondly, the present status of information system of customer service and the requirements of digital dashboard project are analyzed. Thirdly, the model of information resource management is built; the IT architecture of customer service system and the relation between data are redesigned; basic data are integrated and unified; An integral KPI system from data pump, data scrubbing, data transformation to data analysis are set up by evaluating and adopting some technologies and tools such as Sagent and Brio. The application is normalized and the running cost is decreased. The system provides an application platform for multi-dimensional data analysis and it is easy to develop further business intelligence applications.
信息资源规划是指对企业信息的采集、处理、传输和使用的全面规划，运用信息工程和数据管理理论，通过总体规划打好数据和信息的管理基础，解决系统集成或系统重建问题。数字化仪表盘就是及时提供企业关键运营数据，通过集中信息展示的仪表盘，帮助管理人员进行决策和分析。
某大型IT企业客户服务体系中历年建设了很多业务信息系统，但缺乏整体规划，互相影响，数据传输复杂，稳定性欠佳。本论文正是基于此背景下的数字化仪表盘项目，通过信息资源规划思想指导重新建设IT体系架构以及KPI数字化仪表盘展示系统。本论文首先介绍了信息资源规划和数字化仪表盘的思想和联系；其次，分析了客服体系的复杂信息系统应用现状，以及关于统一基础数据和建设KPI报表展示的数字化仪表盘项目需求。接着进行了信息资源管理模式建立的研究，重新规划设计了客户服务体系的IT系统架构以及数据应用关系，整合统一了相关基础数据，评估并采用Sagent和Brio等技术和工具，建立了KPI指标，从数据抽取、清洗、转换直到前端分析呈现的完整系统。规范了混乱的应用格局，降低了系统运维成本，并提供了多维数据分析的应用平台，同时也为进一步深入的商业智能应用奠定了良好的基础。
With the rapid development of information technology, there are more and more requirements for enterprise information system construction and management. Under more and more intense competition, enterprises have to adapt to changes of market environment quickly, and to learn business operation status on time.
Information resource planning is the overall planning of information collection, processing, transmission and utilization. It is based on theory of information engineering and data management to solve the problem of system integration or system rebuilding. The purpose of digital dashboard is to provide critical operation data in time, and to support managers making decision and analyzing through dashboard showing information centrally.
One large IT corporation has constructed many business information systems for customer service system in many years. However, no holistic planning was applied during the construction process. These information systems have influenced each other and have poor stability. Data transmission between them was very complicated. This paper is about the new digital dashboard project for this corporation, which rebuilt IT architecture and constructed KPI (Key Performance Indication) digital dashboard illustration system. Firstly, the theory and relation of information resource planning and digital dashboard are introduced. Secondly, the present status of information system of customer service and the requirements of digital dashboard project are analyzed. Thirdly, the model of information resource management is built; the IT architecture of customer service system and the relation between data are redesigned; basic data are integrated and unified; An integral KPI system from data pump, data scrubbing, data transformation to data analysis are set up by evaluating and adopting some technologies and tools such as Sagent and Brio. The application is normalized and the running cost is decreased. The system provides an application platform for multi-dimensional data analysis and it is easy to develop further business intelligence applications.
引文
[1] Horton F W. Information Resources Management. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall, 1985
[2] Marchand D A & Horton F W. Infotrends -Profiting From Your Information Resources. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1986
[3] Kerr J M. The IRM Imperative. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1991
[4] William Durell. Data Administration: A Practical Guide to Successful Data Management 1985
[5] James Martin. Strategic Data-Planning Methodologies. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs NJ, 1982
[6] 孟广均，沈英，郭志明．信息资源管理导论．科学出版社，1998
[7] 马费成．信息资源管理．武汉大学出版社，2000
[8] 高复先．信息资源规划—信息化建设基础工程．清华大学出版社，2002
[9] 高复先，蔡文海．制造业企业信息资源规划讲座第一讲：信息资源规划简介．汽车情报，2002年第15期
[10] 毛冰冰．企业信息化的六个发现．计算机世界，2003-08-18
[11] 王珊等．数据仓库技术与联机分析处理．科学出版社，1998．6
[12] 李子木，莫倩，周兴铭．数据库技术的研究现状及未来方向．计算机科学，1998，25(4)，57-59
[13] 许向东，张全寿．数据仓库与数据发掘的应用．计算机系统应用，1998．4，53-55
[14] 练慧萍，杨明福．数据仓库技术及其在电子商务中的应用．微型电脑应用，1998．5
[15] 陈友梅．商业智能：信息化应用的下一个热点．中国计算机报，2003-01-12
[16] J Han and Y Fu. Discovery of multiple-level association rules from large databases. In: Proc. 1995 Int. Conf. Very Large Databases(VLDB' 95), Sep. 1995. p.p. 402-431
[17] R Agrawal and J Shafer. Parallel mining of association rules: Design, Implementation, and Experience. IEEE Trans. Knowledge and Data Engineering, Jan. 1996. 8, 962-969
[18] Bernard Liautaud. e-Business Intelligence: Turning Information Into Knowledge Into Profit. McGraw-Hill, 2000. 11
[19] BI技术——银行信用卡业务高速增长的动力．中国计算机报，2003-06-02 http://media.ccidnet.com/media/ciw/1220/dO801.htm
[20] 滕桂法．商业智能系统的功能构架．中国计算机用户，2003-11-10
[21] 高礼强．企业全面信息化时代的到来．http://www.e-works.com.cn,2002-05-07
[22] 高复先，蔡文海．制造业企业信息资源规划讲座 第五讲：IRP与ERP，汽车情报，2002年第20期
[23] 曹燕山．浅析企业如何实施信息资源规划．http://www.csai.cn,2003-12-9
[24] 钱磊．IRP实施BI的基础．中国计算机报，2005-11-01
[25] 吉根林，帅克，孙志挥．据挖掘技术及其应用．北京师大学报(自然科学版)，2000(2)，25-27
[26] 郑志军，林霞光，郑守淇．一种基于神经网络的数据挖掘方法．西安建筑科技大学学报，2000，32(1)，28-30
[27] Wayne Eckerson. THE NEW FACE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DASHBOARDS AND http://scorecards, searchcio, com, 2005-06-20
[28] 周岩．对电力编码标准化的几点思考．计算机世界报，2006-04-10
[29] Microsoft Digital Dashboard NLotus Portal Tools 比较. http://www.microsoft.com/china/exchange/productinfo/lotus_dashboard, as P
[30] Wayne Eckerson. "Strategies for Developing Analytic Applications". TDWI Report Series, The Data Warehousing Institute, 2005.
[31] John Wiley & Sons. Performance Dashboards: Measuring, Monitoring, and Managing Your Business, 2005
[32] Andrew S. Targowski, Ph. D, and Thomas F. Rienzo: Managing Information Through Systems Architecture The Systems Logic Integration Approach, Information Executiv Vol. 3 No. 3 Summer 1990
[33] J Daniel Couger, Ptrick Flynn, Doris Hellyer. Enhancing the Creativity of Reengineering Techniques for Making IS more Creative, INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT SPRING, 1994
[34] Michael A Mische. Transnational Architecture A Reengineering Approach, INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Winter, 1995, 12 (1)
[35] Grady Booch. Object-oriented Analysis and Design with Application. ZheBenjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc. 1994
[36] 刘红岩，何军．“数据掘金”岂能用“锄头”．中国计算机报，2003-06-02
[37] Wayne Eckerson．BI第四级性能仪表板的基石，http://techtarget.com.cn,2006-03-21
[38] 高复先．信息资源整合技术报告．中国信息界，2005年第20期
[39] 陈世耀．生意93％网上成交 思科一年省21亿美元．http://www.xinhuanet.com.2006-02-15
[40] 孙立宪．重视企业信息化顶层设计，全面实施信息资源规划．http://www.e-works.net.cn,2005-07-06
[41] 麦克高文(McGoven，J．)等著，李琦，郭耀译．企业架构使用指南．清华大学出版社，2005．9，211-217
[42] 吴悦．ETL工具点评．中国计算机报，2003-05-12
[43] 杨大川．商业智能的三个层次．中国计算机报，2005-11-01
[2] Marchand D A & Horton F W. Infotrends -Profiting From Your Information Resources. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1986
[3] Kerr J M. The IRM Imperative. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1991
[4] William Durell. Data Administration: A Practical Guide to Successful Data Management 1985
[5] James Martin. Strategic Data-Planning Methodologies. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliffs NJ, 1982
[6] 孟广均，沈英，郭志明．信息资源管理导论．科学出版社，1998
[7] 马费成．信息资源管理．武汉大学出版社，2000
[8] 高复先．信息资源规划—信息化建设基础工程．清华大学出版社，2002
[9] 高复先，蔡文海．制造业企业信息资源规划讲座第一讲：信息资源规划简介．汽车情报，2002年第15期
[10] 毛冰冰．企业信息化的六个发现．计算机世界，2003-08-18
[11] 王珊等．数据仓库技术与联机分析处理．科学出版社，1998．6
[12] 李子木，莫倩，周兴铭．数据库技术的研究现状及未来方向．计算机科学，1998，25(4)，57-59
[13] 许向东，张全寿．数据仓库与数据发掘的应用．计算机系统应用，1998．4，53-55
[14] 练慧萍，杨明福．数据仓库技术及其在电子商务中的应用．微型电脑应用，1998．5
[15] 陈友梅．商业智能：信息化应用的下一个热点．中国计算机报，2003-01-12
[16] J Han and Y Fu. Discovery of multiple-level association rules from large databases. In: Proc. 1995 Int. Conf. Very Large Databases(VLDB' 95), Sep. 1995. p.p. 402-431
[17] R Agrawal and J Shafer. Parallel mining of association rules: Design, Implementation, and Experience. IEEE Trans. Knowledge and Data Engineering, Jan. 1996. 8, 962-969
[18] Bernard Liautaud. e-Business Intelligence: Turning Information Into Knowledge Into Profit. McGraw-Hill, 2000. 11
[19] BI技术——银行信用卡业务高速增长的动力．中国计算机报，2003-06-02 http://media.ccidnet.com/media/ciw/1220/dO801.htm
[20] 滕桂法．商业智能系统的功能构架．中国计算机用户，2003-11-10
[21] 高礼强．企业全面信息化时代的到来．http://www.e-works.com.cn,2002-05-07
[22] 高复先，蔡文海．制造业企业信息资源规划讲座 第五讲：IRP与ERP，汽车情报，2002年第20期
[23] 曹燕山．浅析企业如何实施信息资源规划．http://www.csai.cn,2003-12-9
[24] 钱磊．IRP实施BI的基础．中国计算机报，2005-11-01
[25] 吉根林，帅克，孙志挥．据挖掘技术及其应用．北京师大学报(自然科学版)，2000(2)，25-27
[26] 郑志军，林霞光，郑守淇．一种基于神经网络的数据挖掘方法．西安建筑科技大学学报，2000，32(1)，28-30
[27] Wayne Eckerson. THE NEW FACE OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DASHBOARDS AND http://scorecards, searchcio, com, 2005-06-20
[28] 周岩．对电力编码标准化的几点思考．计算机世界报，2006-04-10
[29] Microsoft Digital Dashboard NLotus Portal Tools 比较. http://www.microsoft.com/china/exchange/productinfo/lotus_dashboard, as P
[30] Wayne Eckerson. "Strategies for Developing Analytic Applications". TDWI Report Series, The Data Warehousing Institute, 2005.
[31] John Wiley & Sons. Performance Dashboards: Measuring, Monitoring, and Managing Your Business, 2005
[32] Andrew S. Targowski, Ph. D, and Thomas F. Rienzo: Managing Information Through Systems Architecture The Systems Logic Integration Approach, Information Executiv Vol. 3 No. 3 Summer 1990
[33] J Daniel Couger, Ptrick Flynn, Doris Hellyer. Enhancing the Creativity of Reengineering Techniques for Making IS more Creative, INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT SPRING, 1994
[34] Michael A Mische. Transnational Architecture A Reengineering Approach, INFORMATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Winter, 1995, 12 (1)
[35] Grady Booch. Object-oriented Analysis and Design with Application. ZheBenjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc. 1994
[36] 刘红岩，何军．“数据掘金”岂能用“锄头”．中国计算机报，2003-06-02
[37] Wayne Eckerson．BI第四级性能仪表板的基石，http://techtarget.com.cn,2006-03-21
[38] 高复先．信息资源整合技术报告．中国信息界，2005年第20期
[39] 陈世耀．生意93％网上成交 思科一年省21亿美元．http://www.xinhuanet.com.2006-02-15
[40] 孙立宪．重视企业信息化顶层设计，全面实施信息资源规划．http://www.e-works.net.cn,2005-07-06
[41] 麦克高文(McGoven，J．)等著，李琦，郭耀译．企业架构使用指南．清华大学出版社，2005．9，211-217
[42] 吴悦．ETL工具点评．中国计算机报，2003-05-12
[43] 杨大川．商业智能的三个层次．中国计算机报，2005-11-01