1.5MW双馈型风机变频器控制系统
|
摘要
本文以1.5MW双馈型风机为研究对象,对1.5MW双馈型风机变频器的控制进行了研究。现有的1.5MW双馈型风机的变频器要实现国家电网对风电场提出的无功功率和有功功率的调节、电网电压和频率的要求和对低电压穿越的要求,必须在控制和硬件电路上采取相应的变化。
本文设计了1.5MW双馈型风机变频器的整体硬件电路,满足风机整体工作的稳定性和高效率。为实现LVRT功能,设计了一种新的CROW BAR电路,并对电路的控制电路做了改进。研究了1.5MW双馈型风机变频器系统的控制策略,转子侧变换器采用定子磁链定向矢量控制技术,网侧PWM变换器采用电网电压定向矢量控制技术,构建了电流内环、电压外环的双闭环PI控制系统,导出了采用转子有功电流和无功电流独立解耦来控制有功功率和无功功率的策略。以PSCAD/EMTDC平台建立了1.5MW双馈电机整体仿真模型。双馈风力发电机组在定子磁链定向矢量控制策略下,完成了有功无功独立控制,变速恒频运行追踪最大风能,控制风电场电压与频率等预期要求。在电网发生接地故障时刻的仿真中,风机能够在CROW BAR帮助下实现低电压穿越,从而验证了1.5MW双馈型风机的抗干扰和暂态稳定性。
在实际1.5MW双馈型风力发电整机平台的基础上,进行了风机的整体调试和并网调试,进行了有速度传感器定子磁场定向矢量控制的1.5MW双馈电机的调试,验证了风机并网发电的控制策略和矢量控制原理,在风机并网发电之后,进行了电压和电流的检测。最后给出了调试测量波形和结果分析。
In this paper, double-fed 1.5MW wind turbine as the research object, the 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter's control were studied. Existing 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter of the national grid to achieve the proposed wind farm reactive power and active power regulation, grid voltage and frequency requirements and the requirements for low voltage ride through, hardware must be taken to control and change accordingly.
This paper designs 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter circuit the overall hardware, meet the overall stability of turbine and high efficiency. To achieve LVRT function, this paper designed a new CROW BAR circuit. This paper has studyed 1.5MW DFIM inverter system control strategy, rotor side converter using the stator flux oriented vector control technology, grid side of the PWM converter with grid voltage oriented vector control, construction of the inner current loop, double loop PI voltage outer control system, derived using the rotor active current and reactive current decoupling to separate active and reactive power control strategy. The PSCAD/EMTDC platform 1.5MW DFIG established the overall simulation model. Wind turbines in stator flux oriented vector control strategy, completed an independent active and reactive power control, variable speed constant frequency operation to track the largest wind energy, wind farm control of voltage and frequency expectations. Ground fault in the power of simulation time, the fan can help in CROW BAR for low voltage ride through, which proves the double-fed 1.5MW wind turbine disturbance and transient stability.
In practice, double-fed wind power 1.5MW machine platform, based on the overall conduct of the turbine and grid commissioning and commissioning, had been the stator flux oriented speed sensorless vector control of 1.5MW doubly-fed machine debugging, verification, and the turbine grid control strategies and vector control principle, after the turbine and power generation, for the voltage and current detection. Finally, Shows the measured waveforms and debug the results of analysis.
本文设计了1.5MW双馈型风机变频器的整体硬件电路,满足风机整体工作的稳定性和高效率。为实现LVRT功能,设计了一种新的CROW BAR电路,并对电路的控制电路做了改进。研究了1.5MW双馈型风机变频器系统的控制策略,转子侧变换器采用定子磁链定向矢量控制技术,网侧PWM变换器采用电网电压定向矢量控制技术,构建了电流内环、电压外环的双闭环PI控制系统,导出了采用转子有功电流和无功电流独立解耦来控制有功功率和无功功率的策略。以PSCAD/EMTDC平台建立了1.5MW双馈电机整体仿真模型。双馈风力发电机组在定子磁链定向矢量控制策略下,完成了有功无功独立控制,变速恒频运行追踪最大风能,控制风电场电压与频率等预期要求。在电网发生接地故障时刻的仿真中,风机能够在CROW BAR帮助下实现低电压穿越,从而验证了1.5MW双馈型风机的抗干扰和暂态稳定性。
在实际1.5MW双馈型风力发电整机平台的基础上,进行了风机的整体调试和并网调试,进行了有速度传感器定子磁场定向矢量控制的1.5MW双馈电机的调试,验证了风机并网发电的控制策略和矢量控制原理,在风机并网发电之后,进行了电压和电流的检测。最后给出了调试测量波形和结果分析。
In this paper, double-fed 1.5MW wind turbine as the research object, the 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter's control were studied. Existing 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter of the national grid to achieve the proposed wind farm reactive power and active power regulation, grid voltage and frequency requirements and the requirements for low voltage ride through, hardware must be taken to control and change accordingly.
This paper designs 1.5MW double-fed turbine inverter circuit the overall hardware, meet the overall stability of turbine and high efficiency. To achieve LVRT function, this paper designed a new CROW BAR circuit. This paper has studyed 1.5MW DFIM inverter system control strategy, rotor side converter using the stator flux oriented vector control technology, grid side of the PWM converter with grid voltage oriented vector control, construction of the inner current loop, double loop PI voltage outer control system, derived using the rotor active current and reactive current decoupling to separate active and reactive power control strategy. The PSCAD/EMTDC platform 1.5MW DFIG established the overall simulation model. Wind turbines in stator flux oriented vector control strategy, completed an independent active and reactive power control, variable speed constant frequency operation to track the largest wind energy, wind farm control of voltage and frequency expectations. Ground fault in the power of simulation time, the fan can help in CROW BAR for low voltage ride through, which proves the double-fed 1.5MW wind turbine disturbance and transient stability.
In practice, double-fed wind power 1.5MW machine platform, based on the overall conduct of the turbine and grid commissioning and commissioning, had been the stator flux oriented speed sensorless vector control of 1.5MW doubly-fed machine debugging, verification, and the turbine grid control strategies and vector control principle, after the turbine and power generation, for the voltage and current detection. Finally, Shows the measured waveforms and debug the results of analysis.
引文
1.王晓蓉,王伟胜,戴慧珠.我国风力发电现状和展望[J].中国电力,2004,37(1)：81-84
2.郑义平.发达国家可再生能源开发现状简述[J].节能,2005(08)
3.秦晓平,王克成.感应电动机的双馈调速和串级调速[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1990.4-10
4.廖海平.变频调速技术与发展[J].变频器世界,2005(10)：13-16
5. Datta, R.Rangganathan, V.T. Direct power control of grid-connected wound rotor induction machine without rotor position sensors. Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on Volume 16 Issue,2001(3):390-399
6. Zhang, L,Watthanasarn, C.A matrix converter excited doubly-fed induction machine as a wind power generator. Seventh International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives.1998(9):532-537
7.卞松江.变速恒频风力发电关键技术研究[D]:[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2003.6
8.陆城.变速恒频风力发电用双PWM变换器的协调控制[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：中国科学院研究生院,2004.5
9.夏安俊.风力发电机组最大功率点跟踪控制系统的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].无锡：江南大学,2008
10.谢震.变速恒频双馈风力发电模拟平台的研究[D]:[博士学位论文].合肥：合肥工业大学,2005
11.刘其辉.变速恒频风力发电系统运行和控制研究[D]:[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2005.1
12.李楠.变速恒频风力发电系统中矢量控制系统的研究及引用[D]:[硕士学位论文].沈阳：沈阳工业大学,2006.2
13.王贵峰.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统的仿真研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007.7
14.童诗白,华成英.模拟电子技术基础[M].北京：高等技术出版社.2004
15.陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统—运动控制系统[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
16.符曦.感应电机的矢量控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1986.38-56
17.吴胜.双馈电动机的控制系统研究[D]：[博士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2005.7
18. Krzeminski Z.Sensorless Multiscalar Control of Double Fed Machine for Wind Power Generators.In Proceedings of the Power Conversion Conference,2002.334-339
19. Pena R, Clare J C,Asher G M. Doubly fed induction generator using back to back PWM converter and its application to variable speed wind energy generation. IEE Proc., Electrical Power Application,1996,143(3):231-241
20. Guofeng Yuan, Jianyun Chai,Yongdong Li, Vector control and synchronization of doubly fed induction wind generator system. The 4th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, IPEMC2004,2004:886-890
21.王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2000.124-145
22.苏奎峰,蔡昭权,吕强等TMS320x281xDSP应用系统设计[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社.2008.39-40,151-162,226-239
23.赵任德,贺益康,刘其辉.提高PWM整流器抗负载扰动性能研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(8)：67-92
24.李娟娟.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统及仿真[D]：硕士学位论文.合肥.合肥工业大学.2004.3.1
25.张崇巍,张兴编著.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003.10
26.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2002.1-5
27.徐园.基于PSCAD/EMTDC变速恒频双馈风力发电机组运行及特性分析[D]：硕士学位论文.宜昌：三峡大学,2008
28.潘文霞,陈允平.风电系统及其电压特性研究[J].河海大学学报,2001,29(1)：88-92
29. L.Wu,Z.X.Wang. Wind Generator Stabilization Doubly-fed Asynchronous Machine transaction on power system[P]. Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS/IASME Int. Conf. on Electric Power Systems, High Voltages, Electric Machines, Tenerife, Spain, December 16-18, 2005.486-495
30. Fang Yu, Xing Yan, Hu Yuwen. A fast algorithm for SVPWM in three phase power factor correction application [C]. IEEE PESC,2004.976-979
31.万山明TMS320F281xDSP原理及应用实例[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.20-22,259-268
32.高阿龙.基于PSCAD的变速恒频双馈风力发电系统建模与控制研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].南京：河海大学,2007
33.赵任德.变速恒频双馈风力发电机交流励磁电源研究[D]：[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学博士学位论文,2005
34.王贵峰.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统的仿真研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007
35.李岚,王颖.双馈风力发电系统PI自适应速度估计[J].微特电机,2007(3)：8-10
36.戴晖,沈锦飞.基于定子磁链的双馈电机矢量控制系统的研究[J].电工电气,2010(08)
37.贾一凡.海上风电柔性直流输电系统分析与经济性评估研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2008
38.张险峰.基于DSP的风力发电变速恒频的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：华北电力大学,2009
39.赵清声,王志新,贾一凡.海上风电场轻型直流输电经济性分析研究[J],中国电力,2008(10)：35-37
40.耿庆娥.基于PI自适应的无速度传感器双馈电机矢量控制系统的研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2008
41. BARKER C D, WHITEHOUSE R S. An alternative control strategy for the thyristor based HVDC interconnection of renewable energy supplies[C].The 8th IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission,2006, London,225--229
42. JOVCIC D, MILANOVIC J V. Offshore wind farm based on variable frequency mini-grids with multi-terminal DC interconnection[C].The 8th IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission,2006, London,215-219
43.徐小品.三相PWM整流器的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2004
44.徐金榜.三相电压源PWM整流器控制技术研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2003
45.罗映,万超.伺服电机控制系统中三种电流采样方案的比较[J].电子元器件应用.2007(10)：73-76
46.邹旭东.变速恒频交流励磁双馈风力发电系统及其控制技术研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2005
47.邱瑞昌,闰耀民,姜学东.准稳态转子感应电势定向的双馈调速风力发电机的研究.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(11)：133-138
48.贺容波.基于MRAS的高速异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统的研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨：哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2005
49.赵清声.近海风电场DFIG与VSC-HVDC协调控制研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2009.1
50.文俊,张一工,韩民晓等.轻型直流输电——一种新一代的HVDC技术[J].电网技术,2003,(01)：47-51
2.郑义平.发达国家可再生能源开发现状简述[J].节能,2005(08)
3.秦晓平,王克成.感应电动机的双馈调速和串级调速[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1990.4-10
4.廖海平.变频调速技术与发展[J].变频器世界,2005(10)：13-16
5. Datta, R.Rangganathan, V.T. Direct power control of grid-connected wound rotor induction machine without rotor position sensors. Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on Volume 16 Issue,2001(3):390-399
6. Zhang, L,Watthanasarn, C.A matrix converter excited doubly-fed induction machine as a wind power generator. Seventh International Conference on Power Electronics and Variable Speed Drives.1998(9):532-537
7.卞松江.变速恒频风力发电关键技术研究[D]:[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2003.6
8.陆城.变速恒频风力发电用双PWM变换器的协调控制[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：中国科学院研究生院,2004.5
9.夏安俊.风力发电机组最大功率点跟踪控制系统的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].无锡：江南大学,2008
10.谢震.变速恒频双馈风力发电模拟平台的研究[D]:[博士学位论文].合肥：合肥工业大学,2005
11.刘其辉.变速恒频风力发电系统运行和控制研究[D]:[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2005.1
12.李楠.变速恒频风力发电系统中矢量控制系统的研究及引用[D]:[硕士学位论文].沈阳：沈阳工业大学,2006.2
13.王贵峰.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统的仿真研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007.7
14.童诗白,华成英.模拟电子技术基础[M].北京：高等技术出版社.2004
15.陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统—运动控制系统[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2004
16.符曦.感应电机的矢量控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,1986.38-56
17.吴胜.双馈电动机的控制系统研究[D]：[博士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2005.7
18. Krzeminski Z.Sensorless Multiscalar Control of Double Fed Machine for Wind Power Generators.In Proceedings of the Power Conversion Conference,2002.334-339
19. Pena R, Clare J C,Asher G M. Doubly fed induction generator using back to back PWM converter and its application to variable speed wind energy generation. IEE Proc., Electrical Power Application,1996,143(3):231-241
20. Guofeng Yuan, Jianyun Chai,Yongdong Li, Vector control and synchronization of doubly fed induction wind generator system. The 4th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, IPEMC2004,2004:886-890
21.王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2000.124-145
22.苏奎峰,蔡昭权,吕强等TMS320x281xDSP应用系统设计[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社.2008.39-40,151-162,226-239
23.赵任德,贺益康,刘其辉.提高PWM整流器抗负载扰动性能研究[J].电工技术学报,2004,19(8)：67-92
24.李娟娟.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统及仿真[D]：硕士学位论文.合肥.合肥工业大学.2004.3.1
25.张崇巍,张兴编著.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2003.10
26.陶永华.新型PID控制及其应用[M].北京：机械工业出版社.2002.1-5
27.徐园.基于PSCAD/EMTDC变速恒频双馈风力发电机组运行及特性分析[D]：硕士学位论文.宜昌：三峡大学,2008
28.潘文霞,陈允平.风电系统及其电压特性研究[J].河海大学学报,2001,29(1)：88-92
29. L.Wu,Z.X.Wang. Wind Generator Stabilization Doubly-fed Asynchronous Machine transaction on power system[P]. Proceedings of the 5th WSEAS/IASME Int. Conf. on Electric Power Systems, High Voltages, Electric Machines, Tenerife, Spain, December 16-18, 2005.486-495
30. Fang Yu, Xing Yan, Hu Yuwen. A fast algorithm for SVPWM in three phase power factor correction application [C]. IEEE PESC,2004.976-979
31.万山明TMS320F281xDSP原理及应用实例[M].北京：北京航空航天大学出版社.2007.20-22,259-268
32.高阿龙.基于PSCAD的变速恒频双馈风力发电系统建模与控制研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].南京：河海大学,2007
33.赵任德.变速恒频双馈风力发电机交流励磁电源研究[D]：[博士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学博士学位论文,2005
34.王贵峰.双馈电机矢量控制调速系统的仿真研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2007
35.李岚,王颖.双馈风力发电系统PI自适应速度估计[J].微特电机,2007(3)：8-10
36.戴晖,沈锦飞.基于定子磁链的双馈电机矢量控制系统的研究[J].电工电气,2010(08)
37.贾一凡.海上风电柔性直流输电系统分析与经济性评估研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2008
38.张险峰.基于DSP的风力发电变速恒频的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].北京：华北电力大学,2009
39.赵清声,王志新,贾一凡.海上风电场轻型直流输电经济性分析研究[J],中国电力,2008(10)：35-37
40.耿庆娥.基于PI自适应的无速度传感器双馈电机矢量控制系统的研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].徐州：中国矿业大学,2008
41. BARKER C D, WHITEHOUSE R S. An alternative control strategy for the thyristor based HVDC interconnection of renewable energy supplies[C].The 8th IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission,2006, London,225--229
42. JOVCIC D, MILANOVIC J V. Offshore wind farm based on variable frequency mini-grids with multi-terminal DC interconnection[C].The 8th IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission,2006, London,215-219
43.徐小品.三相PWM整流器的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].杭州：浙江大学,2004
44.徐金榜.三相电压源PWM整流器控制技术研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2003
45.罗映,万超.伺服电机控制系统中三种电流采样方案的比较[J].电子元器件应用.2007(10)：73-76
46.邹旭东.变速恒频交流励磁双馈风力发电系统及其控制技术研究[D]:[硕士学位论文].武汉：华中科技大学,2005
47.邱瑞昌,闰耀民,姜学东.准稳态转子感应电势定向的双馈调速风力发电机的研究.中国电机工程学报,2003,23(11)：133-138
48.贺容波.基于MRAS的高速异步电机无速度传感器矢量控制系统的研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨：哈尔滨理工大学硕士学位论文,2005
49.赵清声.近海风电场DFIG与VSC-HVDC协调控制研究[D]：[硕士学位论文].上海：上海交通大学,2009.1
50.文俊,张一工,韩民晓等.轻型直流输电——一种新一代的HVDC技术[J].电网技术,2003,(01)：47-51