静止无功发生器在船舶轴带发电机中的应用研究
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摘要
利用静止无功补偿装置实现动态无功功率补偿的研究是电力系统一种新的无功补偿方法。静止无功发生器(SVG)是柔性交流输电设备的重要成员之一,作为新一代无功功率补偿装置,它以其平滑的无功调节、快速的动态特性等优良性能引起了国内外科研与工程领域的广泛关注。而在船舶轴带发电机系统中,目前大多数仍然采用同步调相机的无功补偿方法,本文研究利用静止无功发生器来代替同步调相机的无功补偿方法,以获得更好、更快的补偿效果。
本文首先讨论了无功补偿装置的特点,分析了静止无功发生器的优越性能。根据静止无功发生器的动态补偿原理,比较了电流间接控制和电流直接控制方法各自的优缺点。
根据船舶电力系统的特点,设计了一种改进的瞬时无功功率检测方法;考虑到传统锁相环电路的精度较低、误差大等原因,采用了一种新的获得基波正序分量的方法。针对所采用的方法进行了仿真研究,并验证该方法的可行性。
本文针对静止无功发生器主电路进行了参数设计,完成了相应的硬件及软件的设计工作。
At present, the research on compensating reactive power using static compensation device is one of the most active areas in power system subject. As a new Var compensator and one of the FACTS equipments, the static Var compensator attracts extensive attention for its perfect performance such as smooth regulation of Var and dynamic capability. But at present, in the system of shaft generator, a synchronous condenser covers the system reactive power demands. The paper proposes the Static Var Generator (SVG) realization method by using IGBT inverters to replace the synchronous condenser, and achieve a better goal.
Firstly, the paper discusses the characteristic of the reactive power compensator; analyze the superiority of the Static Var Generator (SVG). In this thesis, the compensation performance of SVG is studied according to dynamic compensation theory; several typical are summarized and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed; the instantaneous reactive power theory and its application to reactive power control and detection are introduced.
The paper designs an improved instantaneous reactive power detection; considering the precision and error of the phase lock loop (PLL) is inaccurate, the paper adopts a new method, which can achieve the obverse order of basic wave, and simulate the mentioned method, finally validate the feasibility of the method.
The paper designs the parameter of the main circuit in Static Var Generator (SVG) and finish the design of software and hardware.
本文首先讨论了无功补偿装置的特点,分析了静止无功发生器的优越性能。根据静止无功发生器的动态补偿原理,比较了电流间接控制和电流直接控制方法各自的优缺点。
根据船舶电力系统的特点,设计了一种改进的瞬时无功功率检测方法;考虑到传统锁相环电路的精度较低、误差大等原因,采用了一种新的获得基波正序分量的方法。针对所采用的方法进行了仿真研究,并验证该方法的可行性。
本文针对静止无功发生器主电路进行了参数设计,完成了相应的硬件及软件的设计工作。
At present, the research on compensating reactive power using static compensation device is one of the most active areas in power system subject. As a new Var compensator and one of the FACTS equipments, the static Var compensator attracts extensive attention for its perfect performance such as smooth regulation of Var and dynamic capability. But at present, in the system of shaft generator, a synchronous condenser covers the system reactive power demands. The paper proposes the Static Var Generator (SVG) realization method by using IGBT inverters to replace the synchronous condenser, and achieve a better goal.
Firstly, the paper discusses the characteristic of the reactive power compensator; analyze the superiority of the Static Var Generator (SVG). In this thesis, the compensation performance of SVG is studied according to dynamic compensation theory; several typical are summarized and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed; the instantaneous reactive power theory and its application to reactive power control and detection are introduced.
The paper designs an improved instantaneous reactive power detection; considering the precision and error of the phase lock loop (PLL) is inaccurate, the paper adopts a new method, which can achieve the obverse order of basic wave, and simulate the mentioned method, finally validate the feasibility of the method.
The paper designs the parameter of the main circuit in Static Var Generator (SVG) and finish the design of software and hardware.
引文
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[31]陶安利,蔺增金等.宽范围稳定高速锁相环74HC4046输出频率的方法。仪器仪表装置,2002.6,19-20.
[32]Dixon,J.,del Valle,Y;Orchard,M.,Ortuzar,M.,Moran,L,Maf&and,C.A full compensating system for general loads,based on a combination of thyristor binary compensator,and a PWM-IGBT active power filter[J].Industrial Electronics,IEEE Transactions on Volume 50,Issue 5.2003.10.Page(s):982-989.
[33]Hideaki Fujita.Hirofumi Akagi,A Practical Approach to Harmonic Compensation in Power Systems-Series Connection of Passive and Active filter,IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications,1991.11/12,Vol.27,N0.6,Page 1020-1025.
[34]陈布.电力系统稳态分析,水利电力出版社,1985第一版.
[35]柳爱美,成晓明,罗安,李正国.基于DSP并用间接电流控制的新型静止无功发生装置.电子技术,2002.11:647-651.
[36]陈坚.电力电子学.北京:高等出版社,2002:360-368.
[37]颜晓庆,杨君.并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析.电工技术学报.1998,13(1):41-45.
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[51]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报,2002.1,50-55
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[55]Fryze S.Active,reactive and apparent power in circuits with nonsinusoidal voltage and current.(In Polish)Przegl.Elektrotech,1932,22:673-676.
[56]刘和平,严利平,张学锋.TMS320LF240xDSP结构、原理及应用.北京:航空航天大学出版社,2002:1-2.
[57]曾毅,李永东.DSP在现代电力电子与交流电机控制系统中的应用.自动化博览二十周年纪念文集177-181.
[58]田大强,蒋平,赵剑峰.新型DSP用于并联型有源电力滤波器的计算和控制.电力科学与工程,2003(1):14-17.
[59]田大强,蒋平,唐国庆.有源滤波器中数字低通滤波器设计及其实现.电工电能新技术,2003,22(3):77-80.
[60]周颖,土时胜,项安.电力有源谐波补偿系统实时仿真模型的研究.计算机仿真,2002,19(6):92-99.
[61]L.Malesani Technique for P.Mattavelli,P.Tomasin.High-Performance Hysteresis Modulation Active Filters.Proceedings of IEEE APEC'96,1996:939-946.
[2]姜齐容,谢小容,陈建业.电路系统并联补偿—结构原理控制与应用.北京:机械工业出版社.2004.8.
[3]何利锉,邱国跃.电力系统无功功率与有功功率控制.重庆大学出版社.1997.6.
[4]马智军,辛延林.COSCO新造船采用主机轴带发电机系统的回顾与看法.2001.12.
[5]陈敏.基于DSP的静止无功发生器_SVG_控制器的研究.硕士论文.2006.6.
[6]周俊.基于IGBT的静止无功发生器的研究.硕士论文.2006.6.
[7]胡捷.基于SPWM逆变器的轴带发电机系统研究.硕士论文.2006.6.
[8]俞万能,郑华耀.静止无功发生器在船舶轴带发电机系统中的应用.上海海事大学学报.2005.7.
[9]J.Prousalidis,I.K.Hatzilau,P.Michalopoulos.I.Pavlou,D.Muthumuni.Studying ship electric energy systems with shaft generator.
[10]Z.Haznadar S.Berberovic Z.Stih R.Jokic.Modeling of ship's shaft generator
[11]EdwardsCW,Mattern K E,StaCeyEJ,etai.Advanced Static Var Generator Employing Thyristors.IEEE Transations on Power Delivery 1988,3(4):1622-1627.
[12]M.V.Cazzol,A.Garzillo.Uinified power flow controller(UPFC)model in the framework of interior point based active and reactive OPF procedure.Electric power and Energy Systems,2002,24:431-437.
[13]Task Force(Chair,A.A.Edris)of the FACT working Group,PES,IEEE.Proposed terms and definitions for Flexible AC Transmission System(FACTS).IEEE PES,1997WM,TF Paper.
[14]SchauderC,GernhadrtM,StaceyE,etal.Development of a ?100Mvar Static Condenser for Voltage Control of Transmission Systems.IEEE Transations on Power Delivery 1997,1(3):1486-1496.
[15]J.-J.Shieh C.-T.Pan.J.Cuey.Modelling and design of a reverdible three-phase switching mode rectifier.IEE Prov.Power Applications Vol.144 No.6 1997:389-396.
[16]周双喜,朱凌志,郭锡玖,王小海.电力系统电压稳定性及其控制.中国电力出版社。2004.1.
[17]李可,卓放,李红雨,王兆安,直接电流控制的静止无功发生器研究.电力电子技术[J]2003,6.
[18]李红,杨善水,电力系统谐波检侧的现状与发展[J].现代电子技术.2004第9期.
[19]姜齐荣,王强,韩英铎等.新型静止无功发生器(ASVG)装置的建模及控制[J].清华大学学报,1997,37.
[20]黄俊,王兆安.电力电子变流技术.机械工业出版社,1998.
[21]周军伟,汪世平,陈辉明一种基于11}IS320LF2407的并网逆变器控制策略.电源技术应用,2005.Vol.8,No.3:11-13.
[22]葛延津,钱晓龙.电力电子技术.东北大学工业出版社,2002.
[23]邱关源.电路.高等教育出版社,1989.
[24]何苏勤,王忠勇.TMS320C2000系列DSP原理及实用技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[25]刘和平,严利学,张学锋,卓清锋.'I1(S320LF240xDSP结构、原理及应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2002.
[26]查丛梅.基于PWM控制技术的新型无功发生器的研究学位论文。陕西:西北工业大学,2002.3.
[27]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制.北京:机械工业出版社,2003.10.
[28]吴竟昌.供电系统谐波.北京:中国电力出版社,1998.
[29]清源科技.TMS320LF240X DSP应用程序设计教程,北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[30]江思敏等.TMS320LF240X DSP硬件开发教程,北京:机械工业出版社,2003.
[31]陶安利,蔺增金等.宽范围稳定高速锁相环74HC4046输出频率的方法。仪器仪表装置,2002.6,19-20.
[32]Dixon,J.,del Valle,Y;Orchard,M.,Ortuzar,M.,Moran,L,Maf&and,C.A full compensating system for general loads,based on a combination of thyristor binary compensator,and a PWM-IGBT active power filter[J].Industrial Electronics,IEEE Transactions on Volume 50,Issue 5.2003.10.Page(s):982-989.
[33]Hideaki Fujita.Hirofumi Akagi,A Practical Approach to Harmonic Compensation in Power Systems-Series Connection of Passive and Active filter,IEEE Transaction on Industry Applications,1991.11/12,Vol.27,N0.6,Page 1020-1025.
[34]陈布.电力系统稳态分析,水利电力出版社,1985第一版.
[35]柳爱美,成晓明,罗安,李正国.基于DSP并用间接电流控制的新型静止无功发生装置.电子技术,2002.11:647-651.
[36]陈坚.电力电子学.北京:高等出版社,2002:360-368.
[37]颜晓庆,杨君.并联型电力有源滤波器的数学模型和稳定性分析.电工技术学报.1998,13(1):41-45.
[38]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS.TMS320F28x DSP Event Manager(EV)Reference Guide,2003.6,SPRU06S.
[39]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS,TMS320F28x DSP Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)Reference Guide,2003.8,SPRU060A.
[39]TEXAS INSTRUMENTS,TMS320C28x Optimizing GC++ Compiler User's Guide,2001.8,SPRU514.
[40]TMS320F2810,TMS320F2812 Digital Signal Processers,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003.
[41]TMS320C28X DSP CPU and Instruction Set Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2002.
[42]TMS320C28X System Control and Interrupts Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2003
[43]TMS320C28X DSP Peripheral Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2002
[44]TMS320C28X DSP Boot ROM Reference Guide,Texas Instruments Incorporated,2001.
[45]谭晓莲,杨志坚.锁相技术在单片机无功功率测量中的应用.北京科技大学学报,1995.12.
[46]曹孝宁,吴华仁等.锁相环同步采样技术在电网数据采集中的应用.电力自动化设备,1996.11.
[47]王璐钢,陈林康等.DSP C2000程序员高手进阶.北京:机械工业出版社.2005.1.
[48]王晓明,王玲.电动机的DSP控制一TI公司DSP应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社, 2004.7.
[49]汪安民,程显.DSP应用开发实用子程序.北京:人民邮电出版社,2005.9
[50]刘小园,章勇高等.UPFC并联侧控制器设计及仿真.华东交通大学学报,2005.2,76-79
[51]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报,2002.1,50-55
[52]唐丽丽,郑琼林.单相PWM整流其主电路参数选择讨论.北方交通大学学,2000.4,98-102
[53]董晓鹏,王兆安.PWM整流器直流电压对电源电流控制的影响.电力电子技术,1998.8,7-11
[54]Gyugyi L Reactive generation and of IEEE Electronics Specialists Conference,control by thyristor circuits.1976.
[55]Fryze S.Active,reactive and apparent power in circuits with nonsinusoidal voltage and current.(In Polish)Przegl.Elektrotech,1932,22:673-676.
[56]刘和平,严利平,张学锋.TMS320LF240xDSP结构、原理及应用.北京:航空航天大学出版社,2002:1-2.
[57]曾毅,李永东.DSP在现代电力电子与交流电机控制系统中的应用.自动化博览二十周年纪念文集177-181.
[58]田大强,蒋平,赵剑峰.新型DSP用于并联型有源电力滤波器的计算和控制.电力科学与工程,2003(1):14-17.
[59]田大强,蒋平,唐国庆.有源滤波器中数字低通滤波器设计及其实现.电工电能新技术,2003,22(3):77-80.
[60]周颖,土时胜,项安.电力有源谐波补偿系统实时仿真模型的研究.计算机仿真,2002,19(6):92-99.
[61]L.Malesani Technique for P.Mattavelli,P.Tomasin.High-Performance Hysteresis Modulation Active Filters.Proceedings of IEEE APEC'96,1996:939-946.