双质量飞轮减振弹簧特性研究
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摘要
汽车动力传动系统是一个多自由度的扭转振动系统,其扭振及由扭振产生的噪声是影响汽车使用性能的一个重要方面。双质量飞轮作为减小当代汽车动力传动系统扭振的核心部件,其应用日益广泛。减振弹簧作为双质量飞轮的核心部件,其弹性特性直接影响双质量飞轮的性能。目前阻碍国内双质量飞轮技术发展的一个最大的瓶颈就是人们对于减振弹簧的弹性特性研究并不成熟,在减振弹簧的设计理论方面也是一片空白。
针对以上现状,本文结合企业实际需求,以一款与VM新型柴油发动机相匹配的长圆弧螺旋式减振弹簧双质量飞轮为研究对象,首先建立了该类型双质量飞轮的振动分析模型,并对该模型进行了强迫扭转振动和自由扭转振动计算。在分析计算结果的基础上,本文提出了减振弹簧的弹性特性曲线的初始模型,为减振弹簧的弹性特性分析以及减振弹簧的结构设计打下基础。
其次,本文采用离散化的方法对该类型减振弹簧的弹性特性进行了分析,并推导出其静弹性特性公式。在此基础上,并结合静弹性特性试验数据,本文对减振弹簧的结构尺寸进行了合理的设计计算。
再次,本文在建立柔性体弹簧的双质量飞轮虚拟样机模型的基础上,对减振弹簧的动弹性特性进行了仿真分析。仿真分析结果不仅近似地验证了长圆弧弹簧静弹性特性公式推导的正确性,而且对该弹簧的动弹性特性有了进一步的认识和了解。
最后,本文对减振弹簧的弹性特性试验进行了研究,提出了一种对减振弹簧的静弹性特性进行试验的方法以及设计了相应的静弹性特性试验台,并把试验得到的结果与理论推导计算的结果进行了比较分析,其误差是合理的,并对误差产生的原因进行了探讨。
The dynamic transmission system of automobiles is a multi-DOF torsional vibration system. Torsional vibration and noise resulting from torsional vibration are important aspects, which affect automobiles' performance. The dual-mass flywheel used as a core unit of dynamic transmission system of modern automobiles is widespread increasingly. The damping spring is a major component of the dual-mass flywheel, whose elastic property directly determines the performance of the dual-mass flywheel. The main bottleneck in the way of the development of dual-mass flywheel in domestic is that the research of elastic property of the damping spring hasn't yet matured and the design theory of the damping spring is unknown.
In view of the present situation mentioned above, this paper met the practical requirements of enterprises and took the dual-mass flywheel that matches with a new type of VM diesel engine as the research object. Firstly, the vibration analysis model of dual-mass flywheel was set up, and the model within forced torsional vibration and free torsional vibration were calculated. According to the calculation results, this paper presented the initial model of elastic property curve of the damping spring, which lays the foundation of the analysis of elastic property and the structure design of the damping spring.
Next, this paper analyzed the elastic property of the damping spring by discrete method, and deduced calculation formula of the static elastic property. On the basis of calculation formula, this paper combined with test data and designed structure size of the damping spring reasonably.
And then, this paper built the virtual prototype model of the dual-mass flywheel, and used the flexible body to simulate the damping spring. A simulation of dynamic elastic property was taken by this virtual prototype mode. The simulation results not only verified the formula of the static elastic property, but also made a further research on the dynamic elastic property of the damping spring.
Finally, this paper made an experimental research on the elastic property test of the damping spring. A test method for the static elastic property is presented and the test bench is designed. Comparing the result of test with the result of theoretical-arithmetic deduction, the error between them was allowable. At the same time this paper also discussed the causes of error.
针对以上现状,本文结合企业实际需求,以一款与VM新型柴油发动机相匹配的长圆弧螺旋式减振弹簧双质量飞轮为研究对象,首先建立了该类型双质量飞轮的振动分析模型,并对该模型进行了强迫扭转振动和自由扭转振动计算。在分析计算结果的基础上,本文提出了减振弹簧的弹性特性曲线的初始模型,为减振弹簧的弹性特性分析以及减振弹簧的结构设计打下基础。
其次,本文采用离散化的方法对该类型减振弹簧的弹性特性进行了分析,并推导出其静弹性特性公式。在此基础上,并结合静弹性特性试验数据,本文对减振弹簧的结构尺寸进行了合理的设计计算。
再次,本文在建立柔性体弹簧的双质量飞轮虚拟样机模型的基础上,对减振弹簧的动弹性特性进行了仿真分析。仿真分析结果不仅近似地验证了长圆弧弹簧静弹性特性公式推导的正确性,而且对该弹簧的动弹性特性有了进一步的认识和了解。
最后,本文对减振弹簧的弹性特性试验进行了研究,提出了一种对减振弹簧的静弹性特性进行试验的方法以及设计了相应的静弹性特性试验台,并把试验得到的结果与理论推导计算的结果进行了比较分析,其误差是合理的,并对误差产生的原因进行了探讨。
The dynamic transmission system of automobiles is a multi-DOF torsional vibration system. Torsional vibration and noise resulting from torsional vibration are important aspects, which affect automobiles' performance. The dual-mass flywheel used as a core unit of dynamic transmission system of modern automobiles is widespread increasingly. The damping spring is a major component of the dual-mass flywheel, whose elastic property directly determines the performance of the dual-mass flywheel. The main bottleneck in the way of the development of dual-mass flywheel in domestic is that the research of elastic property of the damping spring hasn't yet matured and the design theory of the damping spring is unknown.
In view of the present situation mentioned above, this paper met the practical requirements of enterprises and took the dual-mass flywheel that matches with a new type of VM diesel engine as the research object. Firstly, the vibration analysis model of dual-mass flywheel was set up, and the model within forced torsional vibration and free torsional vibration were calculated. According to the calculation results, this paper presented the initial model of elastic property curve of the damping spring, which lays the foundation of the analysis of elastic property and the structure design of the damping spring.
Next, this paper analyzed the elastic property of the damping spring by discrete method, and deduced calculation formula of the static elastic property. On the basis of calculation formula, this paper combined with test data and designed structure size of the damping spring reasonably.
And then, this paper built the virtual prototype model of the dual-mass flywheel, and used the flexible body to simulate the damping spring. A simulation of dynamic elastic property was taken by this virtual prototype mode. The simulation results not only verified the formula of the static elastic property, but also made a further research on the dynamic elastic property of the damping spring.
Finally, this paper made an experimental research on the elastic property test of the damping spring. A test method for the static elastic property is presented and the test bench is designed. Comparing the result of test with the result of theoretical-arithmetic deduction, the error between them was allowable. At the same time this paper also discussed the causes of error.
引文
[1]小田柿浩三(日).汽车设计.北京:机械工业出版社,1990
[2]齐洪刚.一种新式双质量飞轮特性研究及其结构设计:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2007
[3]李峥.DMF350双质量飞轮的开发研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[4]高亮.双质量飞轮式扭转减振器的特性研究与优化分析:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2008
[5]王砚红.汽车动力传动系双质量飞轮式扭振减振器的结构设计与动力学特性研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[6]Arno Sebulke.The Two-Mass Flywheel-A Torsional Vibration Damper for the power Train of Passenger Cars-State of the Art and Further Technical Development[C].SAE870394,5-6
[7]Reinhard Feldhaus.Two-Mass Flywheel.United States:Patent 5307710
[8]Amo Soulke.The Two-mass Flywheel a Torsional Vi-bration Damper for the power Train of passenger Cars state of the Art and Further Technical Development[C].SAE 870394
[9]Ken-ishi Yamamoto,mitsuhiro Umeyama,Hiroyuki Ish-ikawa.Consideration of a new Type Two-Mass Fly-wheel[C].SAE 911059
[10]柳献初.萨克斯公司的离合器技术创新.重型汽车,2002,1:11-13
[11]吕振华,熊海龙和陈涛.汽车动力传动系双质量飞轮.径向弹簧型扭振减振器弹性特性设计方法.汽车工程,2002,24(1):51-55
[12]胡加.汽车离合器技术的新发展.专用汽车,2000,3:36-39
[13]刘圣田,吕安涛和马见明.典型双质量飞轮式扭振减振器结构分析.山东省交通科技,1998,2:19-21
[14]王东辉.双质量飞轮的汽车动力传动系扭振特性分析:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[15]Soon-Jae Hong.Dual mass flywheel using air damping.United States:Patent,200310233907A
[16]Toshimitsu Sakai,Yuhji Doi,and Ken-ichi Yamamoto,Takeo Ogasawara and Mitsuaki Narita.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Rattling Noise of Automotive Gearbox[C].SAE 810773
[17]Albert Albers,Mare Albercht,Ame Kruger,etal.New Methodogy for power Train Development in the Auto-motive Engineering-Integration of Simulation Design and Testing[C].SAE 2001-01-3303
[18]刘圣田.液力双质量飞轮式扭振减振器.汽车运输,1998,9:17-19
[19]任晓松.一种新型扭转振动器-双飞轮系统.北京:世界汽车,1995,3:26-28
[20]安军.新式飞轮减振器及其降低效果.北京:世界汽车,1993,1:24-27
[21]Ken-ishi etc.Consideration of a New Type Two-Mass Flywheel[C].SAE 911059
[22]张义民.机械振动.北京:清华大学出版社,2007.256-257
[23]何渝生,魏克严和洪宗林.汽车振动学.北京:人民交通出版社,1990.53-55
[24]卢众.EA88双级双质量飞轮的参数优化与结构设计:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2007
[25]胡海岩.机械振动基础.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.121-130
[26]周建刚.基于ADAMS的弧形螺旋弹簧双质量飞轮仿真分析:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学汽车工程学院,2006
[27]周建刚.长螺旋弹簧结构的双质量飞轮仿真分析.机械工程师,2006.4:24-26
[28]陈邕麟.普通圆柱螺旋弹簧的计算.北京:机械工业出版社,1966.89-93
[29]张英会,刘辉航,王德成.弹簧手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1997.192-194
[30]张英会.弹簧.北京:机械工业出版社,1980.188-190
[31]汪曾祥。弹簧设计手册.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1986.221-223
[32]曹立文等编著.Solidworks2007产品设计基础与工程范例.北京:清华大学出版社,2008.178-182
[33]郑凯等编著.ADAMS2005机械设计应用实例.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.30-34
[34]李增刚编著.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.125-154
[35]史文库.虚拟样机环境下的DMF优化设计.计算机辅助工程,2006.9:186-188
[36]Getting Started Using ADAMS/Flex,America MSC.INC
[37]Mechanical Dynamics inc.Using ADAMS/Solver.2002
[38]戴洪光.基于ADAMS平台的柔性体仿真理论的若干研究.[硕士学位论文]:合肥:合肥工业大学机械学院,2008
[39]许运秀等编著.船舶柴油机轴系扭转振动.北京:人民交通出版社,1982.19-22
[40]石博强等编著.LabVIEW6.1编程技术实用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.79-81
[41]施涌潮,梁福平,牛春晖.传感器检测技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2007.132-134
[42]邓炎等编著.LabVIEW7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2004.92-94
[2]齐洪刚.一种新式双质量飞轮特性研究及其结构设计:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2007
[3]李峥.DMF350双质量飞轮的开发研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[4]高亮.双质量飞轮式扭转减振器的特性研究与优化分析:[硕士学位论文].上海:上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,2008
[5]王砚红.汽车动力传动系双质量飞轮式扭振减振器的结构设计与动力学特性研究:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[6]Arno Sebulke.The Two-Mass Flywheel-A Torsional Vibration Damper for the power Train of Passenger Cars-State of the Art and Further Technical Development[C].SAE870394,5-6
[7]Reinhard Feldhaus.Two-Mass Flywheel.United States:Patent 5307710
[8]Amo Soulke.The Two-mass Flywheel a Torsional Vi-bration Damper for the power Train of passenger Cars state of the Art and Further Technical Development[C].SAE 870394
[9]Ken-ishi Yamamoto,mitsuhiro Umeyama,Hiroyuki Ish-ikawa.Consideration of a new Type Two-Mass Fly-wheel[C].SAE 911059
[10]柳献初.萨克斯公司的离合器技术创新.重型汽车,2002,1:11-13
[11]吕振华,熊海龙和陈涛.汽车动力传动系双质量飞轮.径向弹簧型扭振减振器弹性特性设计方法.汽车工程,2002,24(1):51-55
[12]胡加.汽车离合器技术的新发展.专用汽车,2000,3:36-39
[13]刘圣田,吕安涛和马见明.典型双质量飞轮式扭振减振器结构分析.山东省交通科技,1998,2:19-21
[14]王东辉.双质量飞轮的汽车动力传动系扭振特性分析:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2005
[15]Soon-Jae Hong.Dual mass flywheel using air damping.United States:Patent,200310233907A
[16]Toshimitsu Sakai,Yuhji Doi,and Ken-ichi Yamamoto,Takeo Ogasawara and Mitsuaki Narita.Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Rattling Noise of Automotive Gearbox[C].SAE 810773
[17]Albert Albers,Mare Albercht,Ame Kruger,etal.New Methodogy for power Train Development in the Auto-motive Engineering-Integration of Simulation Design and Testing[C].SAE 2001-01-3303
[18]刘圣田.液力双质量飞轮式扭振减振器.汽车运输,1998,9:17-19
[19]任晓松.一种新型扭转振动器-双飞轮系统.北京:世界汽车,1995,3:26-28
[20]安军.新式飞轮减振器及其降低效果.北京:世界汽车,1993,1:24-27
[21]Ken-ishi etc.Consideration of a New Type Two-Mass Flywheel[C].SAE 911059
[22]张义民.机械振动.北京:清华大学出版社,2007.256-257
[23]何渝生,魏克严和洪宗林.汽车振动学.北京:人民交通出版社,1990.53-55
[24]卢众.EA88双级双质量飞轮的参数优化与结构设计:[硕士学位论文].吉林:吉林大学汽车工程学院,2007
[25]胡海岩.机械振动基础.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.121-130
[26]周建刚.基于ADAMS的弧形螺旋弹簧双质量飞轮仿真分析:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学汽车工程学院,2006
[27]周建刚.长螺旋弹簧结构的双质量飞轮仿真分析.机械工程师,2006.4:24-26
[28]陈邕麟.普通圆柱螺旋弹簧的计算.北京:机械工业出版社,1966.89-93
[29]张英会,刘辉航,王德成.弹簧手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1997.192-194
[30]张英会.弹簧.北京:机械工业出版社,1980.188-190
[31]汪曾祥。弹簧设计手册.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1986.221-223
[32]曹立文等编著.Solidworks2007产品设计基础与工程范例.北京:清华大学出版社,2008.178-182
[33]郑凯等编著.ADAMS2005机械设计应用实例.北京:机械工业出版社,2006.30-34
[34]李增刚编著.ADAMS入门详解与实例.北京:国防工业出版社,2006.125-154
[35]史文库.虚拟样机环境下的DMF优化设计.计算机辅助工程,2006.9:186-188
[36]Getting Started Using ADAMS/Flex,America MSC.INC
[37]Mechanical Dynamics inc.Using ADAMS/Solver.2002
[38]戴洪光.基于ADAMS平台的柔性体仿真理论的若干研究.[硕士学位论文]:合肥:合肥工业大学机械学院,2008
[39]许运秀等编著.船舶柴油机轴系扭转振动.北京:人民交通出版社,1982.19-22
[40]石博强等编著.LabVIEW6.1编程技术实用教程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002.79-81
[41]施涌潮,梁福平,牛春晖.传感器检测技术.北京:国防工业出版社,2007.132-134
[42]邓炎等编著.LabVIEW7.1测试技术与仪器应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2004.92-94