叶幕微气候对板栗品质影响的研究
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摘要
为探讨叶幕微气候对板栗坚果品质的影响,在燕山板栗产区,对板栗树冠不同方向不同冠层叶幕微气候和坚果品质进行了研究。选取生长健壮,无病虫害10年生栗树,调查树冠内不同区域环境因子和果实分布,测定果实养分含量,进行相关性分析并建立回归方程。研究结果表明：树冠内不同部位板栗品质存在差异并且与环境因子相关。
树冠内不同区域的光照、温度、湿度各环境因子存在很大差异并且有特定的分布规律,总趋势是从下而上,由内到外,由北向南光照强度逐渐增强。光照强度是上层>中层>下层,层与层之间的差异显著,从最上层到最下层最大差异达到1170μmol·m-2·s-1;外围和内层的光照强度差异最大达到990μmol·m-2·s-1;由西南方向到北方向最大差值达到792μmol·m-2·s-1。温度与光照强度分布规律基本一致。湿度的分布规律与光照和温度相反,树冠内湿度变化规律下层>中层>上层,变化幅度在1%-3%之间；从内膛到外围逐渐减小,变化范围在2%-3%之间,从南方向到北方向各层空气湿度呈增大趋势,变化范围在1%-3%之间。
树冠内板栗果实养分含量的变化规律与光照强度基本一致：树冠上层果实各种养分含量较中层和下层高；在水平方向上,外围果实养分含量较内膛高；在不同方向上,南、西南、西和东南方向果实各养分含量较高,北、西北和东北和东方向的含量较低。
通过相关性分析和回归分析得出,各环境因子与板栗果实的品质的相关性极显著,其中光照和温度与各品质因子的加权平均值呈正相关,相关系数最高分别达到0.942、0.943,而湿度与品质呈负相关,最高达到-0.930。
To investigate the effect of canopy micro-climate on the quality of chestnut, micro-climate and fruit quality of canopy in different directions were studied in Yanshan chestnut producing. Selecting chestnut trees which were 10-years old and grown well, Investigated environmental factors and fruit distribution of canopy in different directions, determined nutrient content, did correlation analysis and established regression equation. The results showed that the fruits quality of canopy in different directions were different and related to environmental factors.
Light intensity, temperature, moisture and other environmental factors of canopy in different directions were very considerably and there were specific distribution rules. The general trend of light intensity was gradually increased from below to up, from inner to outer, from north to south. And there were significant differences between layers which the biggest difference between upper and lower level was up to1170μmol·m-2·s-1, between outer and inner level up to 990μmol·m-2·s-1 and from the southwest to the north up to792μmol·m-2·s-1. The temperature distribution was similar to the light intensity distribution and the moisture distribution was opposite. Changes of moisture in the canopy were lower> middle> upper in the range of between 1% to 3%, gradually decreased from inner to outer in the range of between 2% to 3%,and increased from South to North in the range of between 1% to 3%.
Chestnut fruit nutrient content of canopy in different directions were the similar pattern:upper were higher than middle and lower, outer higher than inner of nutrient content in the horizontal direction and nutrients content were higher in south, southwest, west and southeast, but lower in north, northwest, northeast and east in different directions.
The correlation analysis and regression analysis showed that environmental factors and the fruit quality were significantly correlated. Light intensity and temperature were positively correlated to fruit quality and the correlation coefficients were up to 0.942 and 0.943 respectively. However the moisture was negatively correlated to fruit quality and the correlation coefficients was up to-0.930. Key words:Castanea mollissima Blume, fruit quality, microclimate, canopy
树冠内不同区域的光照、温度、湿度各环境因子存在很大差异并且有特定的分布规律,总趋势是从下而上,由内到外,由北向南光照强度逐渐增强。光照强度是上层>中层>下层,层与层之间的差异显著,从最上层到最下层最大差异达到1170μmol·m-2·s-1;外围和内层的光照强度差异最大达到990μmol·m-2·s-1;由西南方向到北方向最大差值达到792μmol·m-2·s-1。温度与光照强度分布规律基本一致。湿度的分布规律与光照和温度相反,树冠内湿度变化规律下层>中层>上层,变化幅度在1%-3%之间；从内膛到外围逐渐减小,变化范围在2%-3%之间,从南方向到北方向各层空气湿度呈增大趋势,变化范围在1%-3%之间。
树冠内板栗果实养分含量的变化规律与光照强度基本一致：树冠上层果实各种养分含量较中层和下层高；在水平方向上,外围果实养分含量较内膛高；在不同方向上,南、西南、西和东南方向果实各养分含量较高,北、西北和东北和东方向的含量较低。
通过相关性分析和回归分析得出,各环境因子与板栗果实的品质的相关性极显著,其中光照和温度与各品质因子的加权平均值呈正相关,相关系数最高分别达到0.942、0.943,而湿度与品质呈负相关,最高达到-0.930。
To investigate the effect of canopy micro-climate on the quality of chestnut, micro-climate and fruit quality of canopy in different directions were studied in Yanshan chestnut producing. Selecting chestnut trees which were 10-years old and grown well, Investigated environmental factors and fruit distribution of canopy in different directions, determined nutrient content, did correlation analysis and established regression equation. The results showed that the fruits quality of canopy in different directions were different and related to environmental factors.
Light intensity, temperature, moisture and other environmental factors of canopy in different directions were very considerably and there were specific distribution rules. The general trend of light intensity was gradually increased from below to up, from inner to outer, from north to south. And there were significant differences between layers which the biggest difference between upper and lower level was up to1170μmol·m-2·s-1, between outer and inner level up to 990μmol·m-2·s-1 and from the southwest to the north up to792μmol·m-2·s-1. The temperature distribution was similar to the light intensity distribution and the moisture distribution was opposite. Changes of moisture in the canopy were lower> middle> upper in the range of between 1% to 3%, gradually decreased from inner to outer in the range of between 2% to 3%,and increased from South to North in the range of between 1% to 3%.
Chestnut fruit nutrient content of canopy in different directions were the similar pattern:upper were higher than middle and lower, outer higher than inner of nutrient content in the horizontal direction and nutrients content were higher in south, southwest, west and southeast, but lower in north, northwest, northeast and east in different directions.
The correlation analysis and regression analysis showed that environmental factors and the fruit quality were significantly correlated. Light intensity and temperature were positively correlated to fruit quality and the correlation coefficients were up to 0.942 and 0.943 respectively. However the moisture was negatively correlated to fruit quality and the correlation coefficients was up to-0.930. Key words:Castanea mollissima Blume, fruit quality, microclimate, canopy
引文
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