公路建设项目环境影响评价管理研究
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摘要
公路交通作为最广泛、最基本的交通运输方式促进了社会与经济的发展,但另一方面也给环境带来了不利影响。随着公路环境问题的日益突出以及可持续发展的要求,对公路建设项目环境影响评价管理的要求变得越来越突出。
公路建设项目环境影响评价是一个复杂的综合体,是社会环境影响、生态环境影响、声环境的影响、大气环境影响等的综合分析与评价,涉及到多个学科与技术的交叉应用。
本文立足于公路建设项目对环境的综合影响以及我国公路建设的发展形势,结合国内外的研究成果与经验,分析了当前主要的综合评价方法——层次分析法和模糊综合评价法。基于公路建设环境影响的不确定性、多因素作用等基本特征,研究了公路建设项目环境影响综合评价指标体系建立以及评价因子的筛选与赋权,且根据灰色系统理论知识提出基于多层次灰色综合评价的公路建设项目环境影响数学评价模型,并结合实例说明该模型方法上的可行。
As the most extensive and most basic form of transport, road traffic promotes the social and economic development; On the other hand, it has adverse effects on the environment. With increasing requirements of the road environment and sustainable development issues, environmental impact assessment (EIA) of highway construction project has become increasingly prominent.
Highway construction projects EIA is a complex synthesis. It is the comprehensive analysis and assessment of social, ecological, sound,and atmospheric environmental impact, and involves a number of cross-disciplinary and technology applications.
This paper bases itself upon environmental impact of the highway construction project, as well as upon the developing situation of road construction in China. Integrating the latest scientific results and experience in China and abroad, the paper analyzes the current mainintergrated assessment methods——AHP and fuzzy intergrated assessment.Based on the uncertain and changing features of highway environment, the paper studies the following elements of integrated assessment of highway construction project environmental impact, i.e. integrated assessment' s index system, filtration of assessment factors, weighted assessment factors. Using the basic theory of grey system, the paper brings forward a mathematic model for integrated assessment of highway environmental impact, and also applies to practice.
公路建设项目环境影响评价是一个复杂的综合体,是社会环境影响、生态环境影响、声环境的影响、大气环境影响等的综合分析与评价,涉及到多个学科与技术的交叉应用。
本文立足于公路建设项目对环境的综合影响以及我国公路建设的发展形势,结合国内外的研究成果与经验,分析了当前主要的综合评价方法——层次分析法和模糊综合评价法。基于公路建设环境影响的不确定性、多因素作用等基本特征,研究了公路建设项目环境影响综合评价指标体系建立以及评价因子的筛选与赋权,且根据灰色系统理论知识提出基于多层次灰色综合评价的公路建设项目环境影响数学评价模型,并结合实例说明该模型方法上的可行。
As the most extensive and most basic form of transport, road traffic promotes the social and economic development; On the other hand, it has adverse effects on the environment. With increasing requirements of the road environment and sustainable development issues, environmental impact assessment (EIA) of highway construction project has become increasingly prominent.
Highway construction projects EIA is a complex synthesis. It is the comprehensive analysis and assessment of social, ecological, sound,and atmospheric environmental impact, and involves a number of cross-disciplinary and technology applications.
This paper bases itself upon environmental impact of the highway construction project, as well as upon the developing situation of road construction in China. Integrating the latest scientific results and experience in China and abroad, the paper analyzes the current mainintergrated assessment methods——AHP and fuzzy intergrated assessment.Based on the uncertain and changing features of highway environment, the paper studies the following elements of integrated assessment of highway construction project environmental impact, i.e. integrated assessment' s index system, filtration of assessment factors, weighted assessment factors. Using the basic theory of grey system, the paper brings forward a mathematic model for integrated assessment of highway environmental impact, and also applies to practice.
引文
[1]袁卫宁,任征.高等级公路环境综合评价[j].西安公路交通大学学报,1999.7:22-25
[2]吴国雄,何兆益.德国公路管理模式及环境保护[J].中外公路,2002,22(3):4-6
[3]Transportation Research Board.Guidebook for Economic Effects of Transportation Projects Assessing the Social and National Academy Press Washington DC.2001
[4]汤春霞.国外高速公路现状和发展趋势[J].国外公路,1999,19(4):6-7
[5]朱照宏.道路交通科技发展趋势[J].科学(上海),1997,49(3):38-39
[6]Elsa Joao.How scale affects environmental impact assessment[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,22(2002):287-306
[7]Mario Enea,Giuseppe Salemi.Fuzzy approach to the environmental impact evaluation [J].Ecological Modelling,135(2001):131-147
[8]张征.环境评价学:北京:高等教育出版社,2004.7
[9]叶文虎,栾胜基.环境质量评价学.北京:高等教育出版社,1994
[10]中华人民共和国交通部.公路建设项目环境影响评价规范(试行).北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[11]陈斌,魏庆曜等.基于多级关联灰度模型的公路建设社会经济环境影响评价.中国公路学报,2003,16(1):77-81
[12]郑新奇,王爱萍.基于RS与GIS的区域生态环境质量综合评价研究—以山东省为例.环境科学学报,2000,20(4):489-493
[13]李修刚,王炜等.用于道路环境影响综合评价的基于GIS的图形叠置法.环境科学学报,2001,21(4):448-453
[14]刘虹,吴小萍等.铁路建设项目环境影响的模糊综合评价[J].华东交通大学学报,2003,20(5):49-51,90
[15]孙成龙.铁路环境影响评价预测系统的研究.学位论文,2004
[16]李铁柱.城市交通大气环境影响评价及预测技术研究.学位论文,2001
[17]叶文虎.环境管理学.北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[18]王东华.环境影响评价.北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[19]陆玉书.环境影响评价.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[20]张从.环境评价教程.北京.中国环境科学出版社,2002
[21]Dino Borri,Concilio and Emilia Conte(1998),Computer,Environment and Urban Systems 3,299-313
[22]B.B.Lind,A.-M.FaE llman,L.B.Larsson.Environmental impact of ferrochrome slag in road construction(J].Waste Management,21(2001):255-264
[23]曾光明,杨春平等.环境影响综合评价的灰色关联分析方法[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(4):247-251
[24]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理与方法[M].测绘出版社,1996(8)
[25]王玉兴.交通建设项目环境影响评价与展望.《交通环保》,2001,22(1):32-35
[26]赵焕臣,许树柏,和金生.层次分析法—一种简易的新决策方法.科学出版社,1986
[27]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988
[28]邓聚龙.灰色预测与决策[M].华中理工大学出版社,1986
[29]赵吉芳.灰色系统理论的哲学思想[J].石油大学学报,2002,18(5):80-82
[30]张新波.动态多目标决策问题的灰色分析方法[J].电路与系统学报.2004
[31]沈珍瑶,谢彤芳.一种改进的灰关联分析方法及其在水环境质量评价中的应用[J].水文,1997,(3):13-15
[32]吕淑仪.灰关联度综合评价法在科技期刊评价中的应用[J].情报科学,2004,22(3):327-331,336.
[33]李胜,童利忠,赵冬梅等.灰色决策模型在城市交通环境大气影响评价中的应用[J].公路交通科技,2000,17(3):88-90,94
[2]吴国雄,何兆益.德国公路管理模式及环境保护[J].中外公路,2002,22(3):4-6
[3]Transportation Research Board.Guidebook for Economic Effects of Transportation Projects Assessing the Social and National Academy Press Washington DC.2001
[4]汤春霞.国外高速公路现状和发展趋势[J].国外公路,1999,19(4):6-7
[5]朱照宏.道路交通科技发展趋势[J].科学(上海),1997,49(3):38-39
[6]Elsa Joao.How scale affects environmental impact assessment[J].Environmental Impact Assessment Review,22(2002):287-306
[7]Mario Enea,Giuseppe Salemi.Fuzzy approach to the environmental impact evaluation [J].Ecological Modelling,135(2001):131-147
[8]张征.环境评价学:北京:高等教育出版社,2004.7
[9]叶文虎,栾胜基.环境质量评价学.北京:高等教育出版社,1994
[10]中华人民共和国交通部.公路建设项目环境影响评价规范(试行).北京:人民交通出版社,1996
[11]陈斌,魏庆曜等.基于多级关联灰度模型的公路建设社会经济环境影响评价.中国公路学报,2003,16(1):77-81
[12]郑新奇,王爱萍.基于RS与GIS的区域生态环境质量综合评价研究—以山东省为例.环境科学学报,2000,20(4):489-493
[13]李修刚,王炜等.用于道路环境影响综合评价的基于GIS的图形叠置法.环境科学学报,2001,21(4):448-453
[14]刘虹,吴小萍等.铁路建设项目环境影响的模糊综合评价[J].华东交通大学学报,2003,20(5):49-51,90
[15]孙成龙.铁路环境影响评价预测系统的研究.学位论文,2004
[16]李铁柱.城市交通大气环境影响评价及预测技术研究.学位论文,2001
[17]叶文虎.环境管理学.北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[18]王东华.环境影响评价.北京:高等教育出版社,1989
[19]陆玉书.环境影响评价.北京:高等教育出版社,2001
[20]张从.环境评价教程.北京.中国环境科学出版社,2002
[21]Dino Borri,Concilio and Emilia Conte(1998),Computer,Environment and Urban Systems 3,299-313
[22]B.B.Lind,A.-M.FaE llman,L.B.Larsson.Environmental impact of ferrochrome slag in road construction(J].Waste Management,21(2001):255-264
[23]曾光明,杨春平等.环境影响综合评价的灰色关联分析方法[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(4):247-251
[24]边馥苓.地理信息系统原理与方法[M].测绘出版社,1996(8)
[25]王玉兴.交通建设项目环境影响评价与展望.《交通环保》,2001,22(1):32-35
[26]赵焕臣,许树柏,和金生.层次分析法—一种简易的新决策方法.科学出版社,1986
[27]许树柏.层次分析法原理[M].天津:天津大学出版社,1988
[28]邓聚龙.灰色预测与决策[M].华中理工大学出版社,1986
[29]赵吉芳.灰色系统理论的哲学思想[J].石油大学学报,2002,18(5):80-82
[30]张新波.动态多目标决策问题的灰色分析方法[J].电路与系统学报.2004
[31]沈珍瑶,谢彤芳.一种改进的灰关联分析方法及其在水环境质量评价中的应用[J].水文,1997,(3):13-15
[32]吕淑仪.灰关联度综合评价法在科技期刊评价中的应用[J].情报科学,2004,22(3):327-331,336.
[33]李胜,童利忠,赵冬梅等.灰色决策模型在城市交通环境大气影响评价中的应用[J].公路交通科技,2000,17(3):88-90,94