桥涵台后沉降病害防治技术研究
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摘要
本文通过对惠州辖区公路桥涵台后病害的深入调查，对该地区普遍存在的“桥头跳车”产生原因及影响因素进行了分析研究。通过沉降计算的理论研究，提出了模拟施工进程的台背路基沉降计算理论和模型，并编写了相应的应用软件。为了提供理论计算所需参数，对惠州地区典型台背填土的压缩特性进行了试验研究。首次研制开发了“多功能沉降测定板”装置，并应用于惠州西林河大桥台背沉降观测。通过对理论计算值与实际观测值的系统分析，验证了本研究提出的路基沉降计算理论的可行性，并揭示了台背回填区路基沉降规律。
为有效防止桥涵病害发生，本文对地基处治及台背回填处治进行了研究。提出对台背回填进行刚柔过渡设计，提出了台背路基工后沉降控制标准，提出了台背回填长度确定公式；对惠州典型填料的技术性能进行了研究；为解决路桥衔接处压实和排水问题，对无砂大孔混凝土在台背回填中的应用进行了深入研究。
针对惠州地区的土质、地质情况，利用研发的软件对不同填土高度、不同地基状况的台背路基沉降进行了计算；通过对差异沉降的量化分析，结合沉降控制标准，为惠州桥涵台后沉降病害的防治提供了多种综合方案，方案囊括了各种填土高度、涵盖了惠州地区的三种典型地基状况。西林河大桥增城桥台台背采用病害防治技术推荐方案，处治效果良好，验证了室内研究结果的可行性。
According to deep inquiry on distress at approaches to bridges and culverts in Huizhou Area, the paper discusses the main causes and influential factors of bump at the end of bridges .On the basis of studying the theory of settlement calculation , the paper puts forward the theory of calculating bridge approach settlement and calculating model which simulates construction procedure of bridge approach embankment . In the meantime, the matching software is developed. Besides, the experimental study is made on compression property of the typical earth fills in Huizhou Area. "Multi-function settlement plate" is first developed and applied to Xi Lin He Bridge. The analysis of numerical result and observed value proves the feasibility of the calculating theory and reveals the rule of bridge approach settlement.
To prevent the occurrence of distress efficiently, the paper studies foundation treatment and the treatment of back filling .The paper puts forward the design of "rigidity-flexibility transition" for approach embankment and expounds the controlling criterion of the remaining settlement of approach embankment. To realize the design, the paper puts forward the formular to calculate the length of back filling area. The paper studies the performance specification of typical fills in Huzhou Area. To overcome the problems of compaction and drainage exit at embankment-bridge structure interface,the paper studies the application of no-fines concrete.
In view of the nature of soil and geological of Huizhou Area, the software is used to calculate the settlement of approach embankment which has varies height and varies subgrade. By means of analyzing the calculating result and combined with the controlling criterion, the paper puts forward the projects so as to protect approaches to bridges and culverts from distress. The projects take varies height of approach embankment and three typical foundation conditions in Huizhou Area in consideration. The project is applied to Xi Lin He Bridge and good result is acquired. It proves the practicability of the result of laboratory study.
为有效防止桥涵病害发生，本文对地基处治及台背回填处治进行了研究。提出对台背回填进行刚柔过渡设计，提出了台背路基工后沉降控制标准，提出了台背回填长度确定公式；对惠州典型填料的技术性能进行了研究；为解决路桥衔接处压实和排水问题，对无砂大孔混凝土在台背回填中的应用进行了深入研究。
针对惠州地区的土质、地质情况，利用研发的软件对不同填土高度、不同地基状况的台背路基沉降进行了计算；通过对差异沉降的量化分析，结合沉降控制标准，为惠州桥涵台后沉降病害的防治提供了多种综合方案，方案囊括了各种填土高度、涵盖了惠州地区的三种典型地基状况。西林河大桥增城桥台台背采用病害防治技术推荐方案，处治效果良好，验证了室内研究结果的可行性。
According to deep inquiry on distress at approaches to bridges and culverts in Huizhou Area, the paper discusses the main causes and influential factors of bump at the end of bridges .On the basis of studying the theory of settlement calculation , the paper puts forward the theory of calculating bridge approach settlement and calculating model which simulates construction procedure of bridge approach embankment . In the meantime, the matching software is developed. Besides, the experimental study is made on compression property of the typical earth fills in Huizhou Area. "Multi-function settlement plate" is first developed and applied to Xi Lin He Bridge. The analysis of numerical result and observed value proves the feasibility of the calculating theory and reveals the rule of bridge approach settlement.
To prevent the occurrence of distress efficiently, the paper studies foundation treatment and the treatment of back filling .The paper puts forward the design of "rigidity-flexibility transition" for approach embankment and expounds the controlling criterion of the remaining settlement of approach embankment. To realize the design, the paper puts forward the formular to calculate the length of back filling area. The paper studies the performance specification of typical fills in Huzhou Area. To overcome the problems of compaction and drainage exit at embankment-bridge structure interface,the paper studies the application of no-fines concrete.
In view of the nature of soil and geological of Huizhou Area, the software is used to calculate the settlement of approach embankment which has varies height and varies subgrade. By means of analyzing the calculating result and combined with the controlling criterion, the paper puts forward the projects so as to protect approaches to bridges and culverts from distress. The projects take varies height of approach embankment and three typical foundation conditions in Huizhou Area in consideration. The project is applied to Xi Lin He Bridge and good result is acquired. It proves the practicability of the result of laboratory study.
引文
[1]蒋功雪，高等级公路台背回填设计与施工的探讨，中国公路学报，第8卷
[2]成辉平，高等级公路非饱和路堤沉降研究，西安公路交通大学硕士学位论文，1997
[3]沈珠江等编著，计算土力学，上海科学技术出版社，1990
[4]周虎鑫，陈荣生，高等级公路工后不均匀沉降指标研究，东南大学学报，1996(1)
[5]赵志缙，新型混凝土剂其施工工艺(第二版)，中国建筑工业出版社，1996
[6]王丽、胡庆安，通道、涵洞两侧及桥头跳车的病害机理及防治措施，公路，2001(9)
[3]美国交通运输院，关于桥梁引道沉降在公路实践中的综述，1997
[4]丁满录，桥涵缺口填土沉陷及其处理对策。路基工程，1997
[5]桥头颠簸，公路基建技术，1998(10)
[6]史存林，路基与桥梁过渡段的技术措施，路基工程，1999(5)
[7]叶书麟、韩杰、叶观宝，《地基处理与托换技术》
[8]王桂尧、张起森，土工聚合物减小土体差异沉降的机理及最佳埋置深度的计算，力学与实践，1998(4)
[9]黄庆、王桂尧，桥头跳车的几种处理方法及适用条件，中南汽车运输，2000
[10]王秉纲、胡长顺等，跨越构造物路面结构设计与施工技术研究总报告 西安公路交通大学，1999
[11]顾锋等，桥头搭板设计，公路，1996(1)
[12]郑治，路堤自身压缩的分层总和法，华东公路，1996(2)
[13]程翔云，桥头跳车防治综述，公路，1997(12)
[14]Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew & Partners Sdn Bhd, Geotechnical Solution for High Speed Track Embankment, Technical Sentinar talk—PWI Annunal Convention 2001
[15]Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew Partners Sdn Bhd, Innovative Geotechnical input For Approaches To Bridges And Culverts Over Compressible Soils, 4~(TM) Malaysian Road Conference—Towards Better HighWay Environment
[16]张宏、王劲松，路桥过渡段结构型式设计与施工方法探讨，公路，2001(9)
[17]凌晓、李志能、凌坚，对桥头跳车的原因分析，广西交通科技，1998(12)
[18]刘绍云、杨春巍、张学，渐变混凝土桩根治桥头跳车的理论分析，东北公路，
第22卷3期
[19]桥头跳车病害的防治技术研究研究报告，广西交通科学研究所，1999
[20]洪毓康，土质学与土力学(第二版)，人民交通出版社，1997
[21]郑传超等，高等级公路路桥(涵)过渡段研究，唐港高速公路建设实践与认识，人民交通出版社．2001
[22]公路路基施工技术规范(JTJ033-95)，人民交通出版社，1995
[23]公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ057-94)，人民交通出版社，1994
[24]公路土工试验规程(JTJ051-93)，人民交通出版社，1993
[25]公路工程水泥混凝土试验规程(JTJ053-94)，人民交通出版社，1994
[2]成辉平，高等级公路非饱和路堤沉降研究，西安公路交通大学硕士学位论文，1997
[3]沈珠江等编著，计算土力学，上海科学技术出版社，1990
[4]周虎鑫，陈荣生，高等级公路工后不均匀沉降指标研究，东南大学学报，1996(1)
[5]赵志缙，新型混凝土剂其施工工艺(第二版)，中国建筑工业出版社，1996
[6]王丽、胡庆安，通道、涵洞两侧及桥头跳车的病害机理及防治措施，公路，2001(9)
[3]美国交通运输院，关于桥梁引道沉降在公路实践中的综述，1997
[4]丁满录，桥涵缺口填土沉陷及其处理对策。路基工程，1997
[5]桥头颠簸，公路基建技术，1998(10)
[6]史存林，路基与桥梁过渡段的技术措施，路基工程，1999(5)
[7]叶书麟、韩杰、叶观宝，《地基处理与托换技术》
[8]王桂尧、张起森，土工聚合物减小土体差异沉降的机理及最佳埋置深度的计算，力学与实践，1998(4)
[9]黄庆、王桂尧，桥头跳车的几种处理方法及适用条件，中南汽车运输，2000
[10]王秉纲、胡长顺等，跨越构造物路面结构设计与施工技术研究总报告 西安公路交通大学，1999
[11]顾锋等，桥头搭板设计，公路，1996(1)
[12]郑治，路堤自身压缩的分层总和法，华东公路，1996(2)
[13]程翔云，桥头跳车防治综述，公路，1997(12)
[14]Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew & Partners Sdn Bhd, Geotechnical Solution for High Speed Track Embankment, Technical Sentinar talk—PWI Annunal Convention 2001
[15]Ir. Dr. Gue See Sew Partners Sdn Bhd, Innovative Geotechnical input For Approaches To Bridges And Culverts Over Compressible Soils, 4~(TM) Malaysian Road Conference—Towards Better HighWay Environment
[16]张宏、王劲松，路桥过渡段结构型式设计与施工方法探讨，公路，2001(9)
[17]凌晓、李志能、凌坚，对桥头跳车的原因分析，广西交通科技，1998(12)
[18]刘绍云、杨春巍、张学，渐变混凝土桩根治桥头跳车的理论分析，东北公路，
第22卷3期
[19]桥头跳车病害的防治技术研究研究报告，广西交通科学研究所，1999
[20]洪毓康，土质学与土力学(第二版)，人民交通出版社，1997
[21]郑传超等，高等级公路路桥(涵)过渡段研究，唐港高速公路建设实践与认识，人民交通出版社．2001
[22]公路路基施工技术规范(JTJ033-95)，人民交通出版社，1995
[23]公路工程无机结合料稳定材料试验规程(JTJ057-94)，人民交通出版社，1994
[24]公路土工试验规程(JTJ051-93)，人民交通出版社，1993
[25]公路工程水泥混凝土试验规程(JTJ053-94)，人民交通出版社，1994