基于SIMPACK和ANSYS的铁路车桥耦合振动仿真分析
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摘要
随着软件技术的逐渐成熟,利用商业软件对传统的车-桥耦合振动问题进行研究已成为可能。利用通用有限元软件ANSYS和多体动力学软件SIMPACK进行联合仿真分析以研究车-桥耦合振动问题可以充分利用商业软件建模效率高、轮-轨分析功能强大的优点。该方法避免了编制、调试程序的过程,并且方便不同研究者之间对结果进行复核,具有较好的通用型。
本文在SIMPACK平台上建立了34自由度列车模型。总结了桥梁动力学建模理论,阐述了有限元模型通过子结构分析导入多体动力学模型的过程。总结了在SIMPACK平台上进行车-桥耦合振动的两种方法。采用德国低干扰谱生成的轨道不平顺,以单车在不同车速下通过一座4x32m连续梁桥为例,进行车-桥耦合振动分析,验证了该方法的可行性。
结合工程实例,对某斜拉桥有限元建模、动力特性分析,并采用8车编组以不同车速通过该桥梁分析其车-桥耦合。分别对车辆、桥梁动力响应进行了分析,结合规范和已有研究方法对车辆的安全性、舒适性以及桥梁走行性进行了评价,为今后类似的桥梁分析计算提供一定参考。
With the development of software technology, it has become possible to study the traditional vehicle-bridge coupling vibration problem by the use of commercial software. A co-simulation method that integrating the FEM software ANSYS and multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK has been presented to investigate the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration. This method can take full advantage of the high efficiency of bridge modeling of ANSYS and the powerful wheel-rail analysis function of SIMPACK. Also, it avoids the process of writing code and testing program, and makes it convenient to review the results between different researchers.
A34-degree-of-freedom train model has been established in the SIMPACK platform. The bridge dynamics modeling theory and how to import the finite element model of bridge into multi-body dynamics system is summarized in this paper. Two ways of conducting vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis in the SIMPACK platform have been proposed. A vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis example of a single train going through a4x32m continuous girder bridge has been adopted to verify the feasibility of the presented method.
Based on engineering practice, the FEM model of a cable-stayed bridge has been established and the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the bridge has been carried out. Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis of this bridge has been conducted at different speeds using the train including8cars. The dynamic response of vehicles and bridge have been analyzed. Also the running comfort and safety of the vehicle, the response of the bridge have been evaluated with relative codes and some existing research, which can provide a reference for the future analysis of similar bridges.
本文在SIMPACK平台上建立了34自由度列车模型。总结了桥梁动力学建模理论,阐述了有限元模型通过子结构分析导入多体动力学模型的过程。总结了在SIMPACK平台上进行车-桥耦合振动的两种方法。采用德国低干扰谱生成的轨道不平顺,以单车在不同车速下通过一座4x32m连续梁桥为例,进行车-桥耦合振动分析,验证了该方法的可行性。
结合工程实例,对某斜拉桥有限元建模、动力特性分析,并采用8车编组以不同车速通过该桥梁分析其车-桥耦合。分别对车辆、桥梁动力响应进行了分析,结合规范和已有研究方法对车辆的安全性、舒适性以及桥梁走行性进行了评价,为今后类似的桥梁分析计算提供一定参考。
With the development of software technology, it has become possible to study the traditional vehicle-bridge coupling vibration problem by the use of commercial software. A co-simulation method that integrating the FEM software ANSYS and multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK has been presented to investigate the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration. This method can take full advantage of the high efficiency of bridge modeling of ANSYS and the powerful wheel-rail analysis function of SIMPACK. Also, it avoids the process of writing code and testing program, and makes it convenient to review the results between different researchers.
A34-degree-of-freedom train model has been established in the SIMPACK platform. The bridge dynamics modeling theory and how to import the finite element model of bridge into multi-body dynamics system is summarized in this paper. Two ways of conducting vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis in the SIMPACK platform have been proposed. A vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis example of a single train going through a4x32m continuous girder bridge has been adopted to verify the feasibility of the presented method.
Based on engineering practice, the FEM model of a cable-stayed bridge has been established and the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the bridge has been carried out. Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis of this bridge has been conducted at different speeds using the train including8cars. The dynamic response of vehicles and bridge have been analyzed. Also the running comfort and safety of the vehicle, the response of the bridge have been evaluated with relative codes and some existing research, which can provide a reference for the future analysis of similar bridges.
引文
[1]钱立新.世界高速铁路技术[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[2]钱仲侯.高速铁路[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1999.
[3]Timoshenko.工程中的振动问题[M].胡人礼译.北京：人民铁道出版社,1978.
[4]K. H. Chu; V. K. Garg; A. Wiriya chai. Dynamic Interaction of Railway Train and Bridges[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics.1980,9(4):207-236.
[5]C. L. Dhar. A Method of Computing Bridge Impact[D]. Ph. D. Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois,1978
[6]M. H. Bhatti. Vertical and Lateral Dynamic response of Railway Bridges due to nonlinear Vehicle and Track Irregularities[D]. Ph.D. Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois,1982
[7]Fryba L. Dynamics of Railway Bridges[M]. London:Thomas, Telford,1996
[8]G. Diana, F. Cheli. Dynamic Interaction of Railway Systems with Large Bridges[J]. Vehilce System Dynamics.1989,18(1):71-106.
[9]Yang Y.B, Lin B.H. Vehicle-bridge interaction analysis by dynamic condensation method[J]. Structural Engineering, ASCE.1995,121(11):1636-1643.
[10]Yagiz N, Gursel A. Active suspension control of a railway vehicle with a flexible body[J] International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems.2005,3(1):80-95.
[11]Diana G, Cheli F, Collina A, et al. The development of a numerical model for railway vehicles comfort assessment through comparison with experimental measurements[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics.2002,38(3):165-183.
[12]Wu P B, Zeng J, Dai H Y. Dynamic response analysis of railway passenger car with flexible car body model based on semi-active suspensions [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics. 2004,41:774-783.
[13]TAN G H, BRAMELD GH, THAMBIRATNAM D P. Development of an analytical model for treating bridge-vehicle interaction[J]. Eng Structures.1998,20:54-61.
[14]陈英俊.车辆荷载下桥梁振动基本理论的演变[J].桥梁建设.1975,(2)：21—35.
[15]李小珍,强士中.列车～桥梁耦合动力学研究的现状与发展趋势[J].第十一届全国结构工程学术会议2002：679-687.
[16]松浦章夫.新干线铁路桥梁竖向允许挠度[R].铁道技术研究报告.1974 31(10)：445-449.
[17]阿部英彦,谷口纪久.钢铁道设计标准.改订[R].日本土木学会论文报告集.1984,(4)：27-37.
[18]李小珍.高速铁路列车～桥梁系统耦合振动理论及应用研究[D].西南交通大学土木工程学院,1998.
[19]李永乐.风-车-桥系统非线性空间耦合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学博士学位论文,2003
[20]李永乐,廖海黎,强士中.桥梁抖振时域和频域分析的一致性研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(2)：179-183
[21]李永乐,强士中,廖海黎.考虑车辆位置影响的风-车-桥系统耦合振动研究[J].梁建设.2004,(3)：1-4.
[22]单德山,李乔.车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现[J].南交通大学学报.1999,34(6)：663-667
[23]L Fryba. Vibration of Solids and Structures under Moving Loads[M]. Noordhoff International Publishing, Gronin-gen, the Netherlands,1972.
[24]I M Biggs. Introduction to Structural Dynamics[M]. Mc-Graw-Hill Book Co., Inc., NewYork,1964.
[25]Henchi K, Fafard M, Talbot M, et al. An efficient algorithm for dynamic analysis of bridge under moving vehicles using a coupled modal and physical components approach[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,1998,212(4):663-683.
[26]Huang D Z. Dynamic analysis of steel curved box girder bridges [J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering.2001,6(6):506-513.
[27]崔圣爱,祝兵.基于多体系统动力学和有限元法的联合仿真在车桥耦合振动研究中的应用[J].计算机应用研究.2009,12(26)：4581-4584.
[28]崔圣爱.基于多体系统动力学和有限元法的车桥耦合振动精细化仿真研究[D].成都：西南交通大学博士学位论文,2009
[29]崔圣爱.客运专线大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合振动仿真分析[J].西南交通大学学报.2009,1(44)：66-71.
[30]韩兴.鸭池河桥的车桥耦合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2011
[31]杨建荣,范立础.基于ANSYS的车桥耦合振动分析[J].计算机辅助工程.2007,4(16)：23-26.
[32]李奇,吴定俊.考虑车体柔性的车桥耦合系统建模与分析方法[J].振动工程学报.2011,1(24)：41-47.
[33]李奇,吴定俊等.箱梁悬臂板局部振动特性及其对列车走行性的影响[J].中国铁道科学.2011,32(1)：48-53.
[34]李奇,吴定俊等.混编货车通过中小跨度桥梁时车桥振动分析[J].同济大学学报.2007,35(2)：171-175.
[35]梁玉红.用ANSYS实现车桥耦合空间振动分析[D].石家庄,石家庄铁道学院硕士学位论文,2005
[36]邸月龙.基于ANSYS的车桥竖向耦合振动简化模拟[D].成都,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2012
[37]李珍,念良宏.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的桥面平整度仿真模型构建探讨[J].公路交通技术.2009,5：58-62
[38]翟婉明.车辆—轨道耦合动力学[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[39]沈锐利.高速铁路桥梁与车辆耦合振动研究[D].西南交通大学土木工程学院,1998.
[40]单德山,李乔.车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现[J].西南交通大学学报.1999,34(6)：663-667
[41]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车-桥系统上的风荷载的风洞试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(6)：612-626.
[42]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构相互作用[M].北京：科学出版社,2005.
[43]夏禾,陈英俊.车-梁-墩体系动力相互作用分析.土木工程学报[J].1992,25(2)：3-12
[44]休斯敦RL.多体系统动力学(上册)[M].刘又午译.天津：天津大学出版社,1987
[45]休斯敦RL.多体系统动力学(下册)[M].刘又午译.天津：天津大学出版社,1991
[46]J维滕伯格.多刚体系统动力学[M].谢传锋译.北京：北京航空学院出版社,1986
[47]缪炳荣.应用SIMPACK对复杂机车多体系统建模与分析方法的研究.机械科学与技术[J],2006,25(7)：813-816
[48]缪炳荣.基于多体动力学和有限元法的机车车体结构疲劳仿真研究[D].成都,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[49]铁道部第三勘察设计院主编.铁路桥涵设计基本规范(TB]0002.]-2005)[S].北京：中国铁道出版社,2005
[50]铁运函[2004]120号.铁路桥梁检定规范[S].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004
[2]钱仲侯.高速铁路[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1999.
[3]Timoshenko.工程中的振动问题[M].胡人礼译.北京：人民铁道出版社,1978.
[4]K. H. Chu; V. K. Garg; A. Wiriya chai. Dynamic Interaction of Railway Train and Bridges[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics.1980,9(4):207-236.
[5]C. L. Dhar. A Method of Computing Bridge Impact[D]. Ph. D. Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois,1978
[6]M. H. Bhatti. Vertical and Lateral Dynamic response of Railway Bridges due to nonlinear Vehicle and Track Irregularities[D]. Ph.D. Thesis, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois,1982
[7]Fryba L. Dynamics of Railway Bridges[M]. London:Thomas, Telford,1996
[8]G. Diana, F. Cheli. Dynamic Interaction of Railway Systems with Large Bridges[J]. Vehilce System Dynamics.1989,18(1):71-106.
[9]Yang Y.B, Lin B.H. Vehicle-bridge interaction analysis by dynamic condensation method[J]. Structural Engineering, ASCE.1995,121(11):1636-1643.
[10]Yagiz N, Gursel A. Active suspension control of a railway vehicle with a flexible body[J] International Journal of Vehicle Autonomous Systems.2005,3(1):80-95.
[11]Diana G, Cheli F, Collina A, et al. The development of a numerical model for railway vehicles comfort assessment through comparison with experimental measurements[J]. Vehicle System Dynamics.2002,38(3):165-183.
[12]Wu P B, Zeng J, Dai H Y. Dynamic response analysis of railway passenger car with flexible car body model based on semi-active suspensions [J]. Vehicle System Dynamics. 2004,41:774-783.
[13]TAN G H, BRAMELD GH, THAMBIRATNAM D P. Development of an analytical model for treating bridge-vehicle interaction[J]. Eng Structures.1998,20:54-61.
[14]陈英俊.车辆荷载下桥梁振动基本理论的演变[J].桥梁建设.1975,(2)：21—35.
[15]李小珍,强士中.列车～桥梁耦合动力学研究的现状与发展趋势[J].第十一届全国结构工程学术会议2002：679-687.
[16]松浦章夫.新干线铁路桥梁竖向允许挠度[R].铁道技术研究报告.1974 31(10)：445-449.
[17]阿部英彦,谷口纪久.钢铁道设计标准.改订[R].日本土木学会论文报告集.1984,(4)：27-37.
[18]李小珍.高速铁路列车～桥梁系统耦合振动理论及应用研究[D].西南交通大学土木工程学院,1998.
[19]李永乐.风-车-桥系统非线性空间耦合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学博士学位论文,2003
[20]李永乐,廖海黎,强士中.桥梁抖振时域和频域分析的一致性研究[J].工程力学,2005,22(2)：179-183
[21]李永乐,强士中,廖海黎.考虑车辆位置影响的风-车-桥系统耦合振动研究[J].梁建设.2004,(3)：1-4.
[22]单德山,李乔.车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现[J].南交通大学学报.1999,34(6)：663-667
[23]L Fryba. Vibration of Solids and Structures under Moving Loads[M]. Noordhoff International Publishing, Gronin-gen, the Netherlands,1972.
[24]I M Biggs. Introduction to Structural Dynamics[M]. Mc-Graw-Hill Book Co., Inc., NewYork,1964.
[25]Henchi K, Fafard M, Talbot M, et al. An efficient algorithm for dynamic analysis of bridge under moving vehicles using a coupled modal and physical components approach[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,1998,212(4):663-683.
[26]Huang D Z. Dynamic analysis of steel curved box girder bridges [J]. Journal of Bridge Engineering.2001,6(6):506-513.
[27]崔圣爱,祝兵.基于多体系统动力学和有限元法的联合仿真在车桥耦合振动研究中的应用[J].计算机应用研究.2009,12(26)：4581-4584.
[28]崔圣爱.基于多体系统动力学和有限元法的车桥耦合振动精细化仿真研究[D].成都：西南交通大学博士学位论文,2009
[29]崔圣爱.客运专线大跨连续梁桥车桥耦合振动仿真分析[J].西南交通大学学报.2009,1(44)：66-71.
[30]韩兴.鸭池河桥的车桥耦合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2011
[31]杨建荣,范立础.基于ANSYS的车桥耦合振动分析[J].计算机辅助工程.2007,4(16)：23-26.
[32]李奇,吴定俊.考虑车体柔性的车桥耦合系统建模与分析方法[J].振动工程学报.2011,1(24)：41-47.
[33]李奇,吴定俊等.箱梁悬臂板局部振动特性及其对列车走行性的影响[J].中国铁道科学.2011,32(1)：48-53.
[34]李奇,吴定俊等.混编货车通过中小跨度桥梁时车桥振动分析[J].同济大学学报.2007,35(2)：171-175.
[35]梁玉红.用ANSYS实现车桥耦合空间振动分析[D].石家庄,石家庄铁道学院硕士学位论文,2005
[36]邸月龙.基于ANSYS的车桥竖向耦合振动简化模拟[D].成都,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2012
[37]李珍,念良宏.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA的桥面平整度仿真模型构建探讨[J].公路交通技术.2009,5：58-62
[38]翟婉明.车辆—轨道耦合动力学[M].北京：科学出版社,2002.
[39]沈锐利.高速铁路桥梁与车辆耦合振动研究[D].西南交通大学土木工程学院,1998.
[40]单德山,李乔.车桥耦合振动数值模拟及软件实现[J].西南交通大学学报.1999,34(6)：663-667
[41]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车-桥系统上的风荷载的风洞试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(6)：612-626.
[42]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构相互作用[M].北京：科学出版社,2005.
[43]夏禾,陈英俊.车-梁-墩体系动力相互作用分析.土木工程学报[J].1992,25(2)：3-12
[44]休斯敦RL.多体系统动力学(上册)[M].刘又午译.天津：天津大学出版社,1987
[45]休斯敦RL.多体系统动力学(下册)[M].刘又午译.天津：天津大学出版社,1991
[46]J维滕伯格.多刚体系统动力学[M].谢传锋译.北京：北京航空学院出版社,1986
[47]缪炳荣.应用SIMPACK对复杂机车多体系统建模与分析方法的研究.机械科学与技术[J],2006,25(7)：813-816
[48]缪炳荣.基于多体动力学和有限元法的机车车体结构疲劳仿真研究[D].成都,西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[49]铁道部第三勘察设计院主编.铁路桥涵设计基本规范(TB]0002.]-2005)[S].北京：中国铁道出版社,2005
[50]铁运函[2004]120号.铁路桥梁检定规范[S].北京：中国铁道出版社,2004