福建龙岩学堂坑钼多金属矿岩石学特征与成矿关系
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摘要
闽西南地区是我国东南部重要的成矿集中区,复杂多变的构造形变格局以及强烈的构造岩浆活动使区内蕴藏了铁、铜、钼等丰富的金属矿产。学堂坑钼多金属矿区位于福建省龙岩市适中镇三坑村,位于政和—大埔区域性大断裂和大洋岩体的内外接触带上,成矿条件优越,具有寻找钼多金属矿的良好前景。
本文应用岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学以及矿床学等理论方法,同时通过与我国已有钼矿床的对比,对学堂坑钼多金属矿区的岩石学特征以及花岗岩与成矿之间的关系进行了系统深入的研究。
研究区内的花岗岩岩体属于燕山早期第三次侵入的侵入岩,是大洋岩体的一部分,岩性主要为黑云母二长花岗岩,是高硅、富碱、贫镁铁、贫钙的超酸性岩体。通过与国内其他同类型矿床的对比,大洋岩体很有利于成矿物质集中,对形成钼矿很有利。
通过研究认为,区内由于多次、频繁的构造运动,形成了一系列大的断裂。由于大洋岩体岩浆演化彻底、分异程度好,岩浆带来了大量含矿物质的富集,而岩性致密的花岗岩因为不易渗透,形成了很好的“隔挡层”,在挥发份F~-、Cl~-等的作用下,含矿热液在岩体与围岩的接触带及围岩的断裂裂隙中发育,形成了矽卡岩型钼矿床。因此,大洋岩体应该是学堂坑钼矿成矿的主要物质来源,是该钼矿体的成矿母岩。
The west-south area of Fujian is an important metallogenic concentration zone in the east-south region of our country.The complex structure architecture pattern and intensive magmation contributed to the mineralization and ore-forming such as iron,copper and molybdenum mineral deposit.The Xuetangkeng molybdenum mineral deposit locates in Sankeng village,Shizhong town,Longyan city,Fujian province.As far as region is concerned,Xuetangkeng molybdenum mineral deposit sits on the contacting belt which is between Zhenhe-Dapu regional fault and the biotite granite mass.So it is superior in the ore-forming condition,and the foreground is of advantage in prospecting molybdenum poly-metal mineral deposit.
Applying the multi-subject knowledge such as petrology,structure, gitology,geochemistry of trace elements and mineral deposit geochemistry and contrasting to the geological characteristics of exiting molybdenum mineral deposits,the relationship between lithology of granite and mineralization has been systematically studied.
The granite mass in the district is the 3rd intrusion rock in early-Yanshanianand belongs to the Dayang granite mass.At the aspect of the lithology,it is mainly biltite monzonitic granite,and it is abundant of silicon and alkali but deficient of iron and calcium.Contrasting with the other molybdenum,this granite mass is convenient to the mineral enrichment,so the area has a good prospect.
Based on the analysis,following conclusions have been induced. Firstly,because of the multi-time and frequent tectonic activities,a series faults had been formed.Secondly,because the magma of the Dayang granite mass got a thoroughly evolution and contributed to the enrichment of the metallogenic matters and the lithology of the granite is compacting, so it became a good "blocking bed".Accompany with the activities of volatile component such as F~-、Cl~-,the bearing mineral hydrothermal fluid developed on the contacting belt of rock mass and wall rock and the faults of the wallrock.As a result,a molybdenum mineral deposit of skam type was formed.
Based on the analysis above,the metallogenic matters mainly originated from the Dayang granite mass and it is the matrix of the molybdenum mineral deposit.
本文应用岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学以及矿床学等理论方法,同时通过与我国已有钼矿床的对比,对学堂坑钼多金属矿区的岩石学特征以及花岗岩与成矿之间的关系进行了系统深入的研究。
研究区内的花岗岩岩体属于燕山早期第三次侵入的侵入岩,是大洋岩体的一部分,岩性主要为黑云母二长花岗岩,是高硅、富碱、贫镁铁、贫钙的超酸性岩体。通过与国内其他同类型矿床的对比,大洋岩体很有利于成矿物质集中,对形成钼矿很有利。
通过研究认为,区内由于多次、频繁的构造运动,形成了一系列大的断裂。由于大洋岩体岩浆演化彻底、分异程度好,岩浆带来了大量含矿物质的富集,而岩性致密的花岗岩因为不易渗透,形成了很好的“隔挡层”,在挥发份F~-、Cl~-等的作用下,含矿热液在岩体与围岩的接触带及围岩的断裂裂隙中发育,形成了矽卡岩型钼矿床。因此,大洋岩体应该是学堂坑钼矿成矿的主要物质来源,是该钼矿体的成矿母岩。
The west-south area of Fujian is an important metallogenic concentration zone in the east-south region of our country.The complex structure architecture pattern and intensive magmation contributed to the mineralization and ore-forming such as iron,copper and molybdenum mineral deposit.The Xuetangkeng molybdenum mineral deposit locates in Sankeng village,Shizhong town,Longyan city,Fujian province.As far as region is concerned,Xuetangkeng molybdenum mineral deposit sits on the contacting belt which is between Zhenhe-Dapu regional fault and the biotite granite mass.So it is superior in the ore-forming condition,and the foreground is of advantage in prospecting molybdenum poly-metal mineral deposit.
Applying the multi-subject knowledge such as petrology,structure, gitology,geochemistry of trace elements and mineral deposit geochemistry and contrasting to the geological characteristics of exiting molybdenum mineral deposits,the relationship between lithology of granite and mineralization has been systematically studied.
The granite mass in the district is the 3rd intrusion rock in early-Yanshanianand belongs to the Dayang granite mass.At the aspect of the lithology,it is mainly biltite monzonitic granite,and it is abundant of silicon and alkali but deficient of iron and calcium.Contrasting with the other molybdenum,this granite mass is convenient to the mineral enrichment,so the area has a good prospect.
Based on the analysis,following conclusions have been induced. Firstly,because of the multi-time and frequent tectonic activities,a series faults had been formed.Secondly,because the magma of the Dayang granite mass got a thoroughly evolution and contributed to the enrichment of the metallogenic matters and the lithology of the granite is compacting, so it became a good "blocking bed".Accompany with the activities of volatile component such as F~-、Cl~-,the bearing mineral hydrothermal fluid developed on the contacting belt of rock mass and wall rock and the faults of the wallrock.As a result,a molybdenum mineral deposit of skam type was formed.
Based on the analysis above,the metallogenic matters mainly originated from the Dayang granite mass and it is the matrix of the molybdenum mineral deposit.
引文
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[2]毛建仁,陶奎元,谢芳贵.闽西南地区成岩成矿作用与构造环境[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2001,9
[3]王尔康,刘聪.闽西南—粤东北晚古生代的火山作用.北京:冶金工业出版社,1983,178-186
[4]李嘉林.地球化学导论.兰州:兰州大学出版社,1989
[5]赵伦山,张本仁.地球化学.北京:地质出版社,1988
[6]阮天健,朱有光.地球化学找矿.北京:地质出版社,1985
[7]冯进城等.当前钼矿开发热与资源开发政策.河南国土资源.2005,9
[8]王炼,游珍才等.福建省龙岩地区矿产地质说明图[M].福建省地区地质学会.1988.
[9]王炼,游珍才等.福建省龙岩地区矿产地质说明书[M].福建省地区地质学会.1988.
[10]Pitcher W.S.Granites and yet more granites forty years on.Geol.Rundschau 1987:76,51-79.
[11]Pitcher W.S.The Nature and Origin of Granite.Blackie Acad.and Prof.ed.,London,1993.
[12]Pitcher W.S.The Nature and Origin of Granite.London:Chapman and Hall.1997.
[13]Chappelli B W,White A J R.1974.Two contrasting granite type.Pacific Geol,8:173-174
[14]Pitcher W.S.1979.Comments on the geological environments of granite.Origin of Granite Batholiths:Geochemical Evidence:1-8
[15]肖庆辉,邓晋福等.花岗岩研究思维与方法.北京:地质出版社,2002
[16]胡祥昭,花岗岩专题研究讲义.长沙:中南大学,2006
[17]Pearce J.A.,Harris N.B.W.,Tindle A.G.Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks.J.Petrol,1984.956-983.
[18]Pitcher W.S.Granite Type and Tectonic Environment.In:Hsu,K.Ed.,Mountain Building Processes,Academic Press,London,1983.19-40
[19]Batchelor B.,Bowden P.Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock series using multicationic parameters.Chemical Geology,1985.43-55
[20]Pitcher W S.Granties and yet more granites forty years en Geol Rund,1987.51-79
[21]Cresser R A.Price R C.Wormald R J.A type granites revisited:Asessment of residual-source model.Geology.1991.160-170
[22]Hill R I Williams IS.Hutton down under.Episodes,1992.210-220
[23]南京大学地质系.华南不同时代花岗岩类及其与成矿关系.科学出版社,1981:
[24]杨超群.华南花岗岩类的成因类型.江苏科学技术出版社,1986:165-179
[25]董申葆.花岗岩成因类型划分的探讨.江苏科学技术出版社,1986:49-57
[26]莫柱孙.广东地质科技,1985年1期
[27]吴利仁.中国东部中生代花岗岩类.岩石学报,1985,第1期:1-10
[28]刘家远,沈纪利.江西钨矿的成矿岩浆体系.长春地质学院学报,第1期:81-90
[29]Barbarin,B..Granitoids:main petrogenetic classifications in relation to origin and tectonic setting.Geol.J,1990:25,227-238.
[30]Barbarin,B.A review of the relationships between granitoid types,their origins and their geodynamic environments.Lithos,1999.46:605-626
[31]孟良义.花岗岩与成矿.北京:科学技术出版社,1993:65-70
[32]郭朝洪等.我国的钼矿资源及开发中国钼业[J],1997,6,(2),(3)
[33]郑择朝.我国钼矿开采.中国钼业,1996,20(2):15-17
[34]铜、铅、锌、银、镍、钼矿地质勘察规范DZ/T0214-2002
[35]宁奇生,李永森.中国斑岩铜(钼)矿的主要特征及分布规律,1979年,地质论评第25卷,第二卷
[36]李春仁,王炼等.福建省龙岩市马坑铁矿区西矿段详细勘探地质报告[M].福建省地质八队,1983.
[37]王联魁,张绍立,黄智龙.华南金矿二元混合成矿模式.矿床地质,1995,14(1):1-11
[38]李四光.地质力学概论.北京:地质出版社,1973:10-100
[39]陈国达,王瑞华,王伏泉.地沣改造与金成矿.北京:地质出版社,1997: 41-61
[40]王尔康,刘聪.闽西南一粤东北晚古生代的造山作用[A]:李继亮主编,东南大陆岩石圈结构与地质演化,北京:冶金工业出版社,1993:178-186
[41]郭令智,施史申,马瑞士.华南大地构造格局和地壳演化[A].郭令智主编,国际交流地质学术论文集(M),北京:地质出版社,1980:106-109
[42]林增品.华夏古陆的探讨[J],福建地质,1983,2(2):37-47
[43]李继亮.中国东南海陆岩石囤结构与演化研究[M],北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992:3-16
[44]王尔康,刘聪.华南中生代一条重要的碰撞造山带[A],李继亮主编,中国东南海陆岩石圈结构与演化研究[C],北京:中国科学技术出版社,1992:96-105
[45]福建省地质局.1:20万福建省区域地质调查报告[M],永安幅,1977
[46]福建省地质局.1:20万福建省区域地质调查报告[M],上杭幅,1977
[47]芮宗瑶等.华北陆块北缘及邻区有色金属矿产[M],地质出版社,1994
[48]陈传明.福建省矿产资源与区域可持续发展[J],资源与农业,2007.2
[49]邱家骥,林景仟.岩石化学,地质出版社,1991:60-70
[50]李昌年.火成岩微量元素岩石学,中国地质大学出版社,1992
[51]刘英俊等.元素地球化学,北京:科学出版社,1984
[52]Henderson Paul.Rare earth element geochemistry,Amsterdam New York,Elsevier,1984
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