地震作用下高速铁路列车—无砟轨道—桥梁系统动力响应及走行安全研究
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摘要
随着高速铁路桥梁占线路比例的增加地震发生时列车过桥概率随之变大,地震与高速列车耦合动力作用对车-桥系统动力响应、桥上列车运行安全的影响将会加剧,这种动力学行为随着列车运行速度的增加将会更加复杂。探明这种耦合动力学作用机理,对分析地震作用下高速列车-桥梁系统动力响应及研究列车安全行车限值具有重要意义。本文在总结和吸收既有研究成果的基础上,以高速铁路简支梁桥及CRTS Ⅱ板式无砟轨道为工程背景,建立了地震作用下高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁的动力分析方法,编制了相应动力分析软件,探讨了地震作用下高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁动力系统的动力设计参数,建议了不同参数条件下高速列车在桥上安全行车限值要求,可为高速铁路桥梁抗震设计和地震作用下安全行车提供参考。本文主要完成了如下创新研究工作：
(1)利用SHAKE91呈序及改进Penzien模型确定纵向和水平向成层土阻抗系数,提出了改进6弹簧模型模拟桩土动力相互作用,建立了高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁-支座-桥墩-桩土精细化模型,可较为准确地分析桩土相互作用对高速铁路桥梁地震响应的影响。
(2)引进PEER-NGA强震记录以满足实际强震记录加速度时程计算需要,基于满足消除零频含量和能量过程有限条件的地震动功率谱模型,编制了生成不同场地类别的人造地震波计算程序,以满足人工模拟地震加速度时程计算需要；通过与目标反应谱对比分析,提出了可满足高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁动力方程进行地震响应计算需要的人造地震波。
(3)基于Hertz线性化接触理论和Kalker线性蠕滑理论,将CRTSⅡ板式无砟轨道结构的钢轨、轨道板和底座纳入列车-桥梁耦合系统动力分析模型之中；建立了地震作用下高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统空间耦合振动模型及分析方法,编制了相应的计算软件,计算结果与京沪高速铁路濉河特大桥动力试验实测结果吻合良好,并与高速列车-桥梁系统模型计算结果对比分析表明,该模型可较精确地分析列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统的动力响应和列车走行安全性能,可用于系统的地震分析。
(4)利用编制的地震作用下高速铁路桥梁动力分析软件对高速铁路桥梁进行了大量的仿真计算,得到了不同车速、墩高、场地条件,阻尼比以及不同地震设防烈度对高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统地震动力响应的影响规律；提出了不同地震烈度、墩高、场地条件下地震期间高速列车安全行车限值的建议值,分析了输入地震动的近场断层效应和共振效应对列车地震响应的影响。
With the increase of the proportions of high-speed railway bridge which account for the total length of railway line, the probability of earthquakes occurring will be increase when trains are moving over train, the impact of the coupling dynamic interaction of the earthquake action and high-speed train loading on the dynamic response of vehicle-bridge, running safety of the vehicles on bridge will be even more significant, the dynamic behavior of the impact will be more complicated with the increase of the train running speed, it is of great importance for the dynamic response of vehicle-bridge system subjected to earthquake loading and the running safely limit value of the vehicles to study the mechanism of the coupling dynamic interaction. In this paper, based on summing up and absorbing the existing research, the high-speed railkway simply supported girder bridge and CRTS Ⅱ slab ballastless track is taken as an example, the dynamic analysis method of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system is established, a computer program is developed, the dynamic design parameters of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system under earthquake action are discussed, the suggested running safely limit values of the high-speed vehicle on bridge under earthquake loading are presented in the paper, which can provide reference for the seismic design of high-speed railway bridge. The following innovative research work is done in this paper.
(1)The improved6springs model which can simulate accurately the pile-soil dynamic interaction is presented in this paper by the SHAKE91program and the improved Penzien model, the fine model of high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-box girder-bearing-pier-pile-soil system is built up which can accurately comparatively analyze the influence of the pile-soil dynamic interaction on the seismic response of high-speed railway bridge;
(2)The PEER-NGA ground motion waves are introduced into to meet the provision of the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings in which the acceleration time-history curves of the strong motion record and artificial ground motion wave are specified for seismic checking; Based on the ground motion power spectrum model which can satisfy the conditions eliminating the zero frequency content and limiting the energy exchange of the stochastic processes, the calculated program which can produce artificial ground motion wave in different sites is developed, the artificial ground motion waves which can satisfy the computing requirement of the seismic response analysis of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system are presented by comparing with the target response spectrum;
(3)Based on the linearized Hertz contact theory and the Kalker creep theory, the rail, ballastless track slabs and base slabs are being brought into the high-speed vehicle-bridge system, the analysis model and method of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge coupling vibration to earthquake loading are established, the computer program is developed, the calculating results agree well with the experiment data of dynamic tests at the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway Sui river super-large bridge, the model can analyze accurately comparatively the dynamic response of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system and running safety index of vehicles, and can anlyze the seismic respose of the vehicle-bridge system;
(4)Lots of simulation calculations are carried out to calculate the seismic response of high-speed bridge by the dynamic analysis software of the high-speed railway bridge under earthquake loading, the influence law on the seismic response of high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system are presented under the different running speed, pier height, site, damping ratio and seismic intensity, the suggested running safely limit values of the high-speed vehicle on bridge during earthquake are presented in the paper under the different running speed, pier height, site, damping ratio and seismic intensity, the influence of the near-field effect and the resonance on the seismic response of the vehicle is analyzed in this paper.
(1)利用SHAKE91呈序及改进Penzien模型确定纵向和水平向成层土阻抗系数,提出了改进6弹簧模型模拟桩土动力相互作用,建立了高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁-支座-桥墩-桩土精细化模型,可较为准确地分析桩土相互作用对高速铁路桥梁地震响应的影响。
(2)引进PEER-NGA强震记录以满足实际强震记录加速度时程计算需要,基于满足消除零频含量和能量过程有限条件的地震动功率谱模型,编制了生成不同场地类别的人造地震波计算程序,以满足人工模拟地震加速度时程计算需要；通过与目标反应谱对比分析,提出了可满足高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁动力方程进行地震响应计算需要的人造地震波。
(3)基于Hertz线性化接触理论和Kalker线性蠕滑理论,将CRTSⅡ板式无砟轨道结构的钢轨、轨道板和底座纳入列车-桥梁耦合系统动力分析模型之中；建立了地震作用下高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统空间耦合振动模型及分析方法,编制了相应的计算软件,计算结果与京沪高速铁路濉河特大桥动力试验实测结果吻合良好,并与高速列车-桥梁系统模型计算结果对比分析表明,该模型可较精确地分析列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统的动力响应和列车走行安全性能,可用于系统的地震分析。
(4)利用编制的地震作用下高速铁路桥梁动力分析软件对高速铁路桥梁进行了大量的仿真计算,得到了不同车速、墩高、场地条件,阻尼比以及不同地震设防烈度对高速铁路列车-无砟轨道-桥梁系统地震动力响应的影响规律；提出了不同地震烈度、墩高、场地条件下地震期间高速列车安全行车限值的建议值,分析了输入地震动的近场断层效应和共振效应对列车地震响应的影响。
With the increase of the proportions of high-speed railway bridge which account for the total length of railway line, the probability of earthquakes occurring will be increase when trains are moving over train, the impact of the coupling dynamic interaction of the earthquake action and high-speed train loading on the dynamic response of vehicle-bridge, running safety of the vehicles on bridge will be even more significant, the dynamic behavior of the impact will be more complicated with the increase of the train running speed, it is of great importance for the dynamic response of vehicle-bridge system subjected to earthquake loading and the running safely limit value of the vehicles to study the mechanism of the coupling dynamic interaction. In this paper, based on summing up and absorbing the existing research, the high-speed railkway simply supported girder bridge and CRTS Ⅱ slab ballastless track is taken as an example, the dynamic analysis method of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system is established, a computer program is developed, the dynamic design parameters of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system under earthquake action are discussed, the suggested running safely limit values of the high-speed vehicle on bridge under earthquake loading are presented in the paper, which can provide reference for the seismic design of high-speed railway bridge. The following innovative research work is done in this paper.
(1)The improved6springs model which can simulate accurately the pile-soil dynamic interaction is presented in this paper by the SHAKE91program and the improved Penzien model, the fine model of high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-box girder-bearing-pier-pile-soil system is built up which can accurately comparatively analyze the influence of the pile-soil dynamic interaction on the seismic response of high-speed railway bridge;
(2)The PEER-NGA ground motion waves are introduced into to meet the provision of the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings in which the acceleration time-history curves of the strong motion record and artificial ground motion wave are specified for seismic checking; Based on the ground motion power spectrum model which can satisfy the conditions eliminating the zero frequency content and limiting the energy exchange of the stochastic processes, the calculated program which can produce artificial ground motion wave in different sites is developed, the artificial ground motion waves which can satisfy the computing requirement of the seismic response analysis of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system are presented by comparing with the target response spectrum;
(3)Based on the linearized Hertz contact theory and the Kalker creep theory, the rail, ballastless track slabs and base slabs are being brought into the high-speed vehicle-bridge system, the analysis model and method of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge coupling vibration to earthquake loading are established, the computer program is developed, the calculating results agree well with the experiment data of dynamic tests at the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway Sui river super-large bridge, the model can analyze accurately comparatively the dynamic response of the high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system and running safety index of vehicles, and can anlyze the seismic respose of the vehicle-bridge system;
(4)Lots of simulation calculations are carried out to calculate the seismic response of high-speed bridge by the dynamic analysis software of the high-speed railway bridge under earthquake loading, the influence law on the seismic response of high-speed vehicle-ballastless track-bridge system are presented under the different running speed, pier height, site, damping ratio and seismic intensity, the suggested running safely limit values of the high-speed vehicle on bridge during earthquake are presented in the paper under the different running speed, pier height, site, damping ratio and seismic intensity, the influence of the near-field effect and the resonance on the seismic response of the vehicle is analyzed in this paper.
引文
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