大庆长垣中部地区下白垩统泉头组砂体分布规律
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摘要
大庆长垣中部地区下白垩统泉头组以三角洲前缘亚相为主,砂体类型主要为分流河道,其中发育的扶杨油层是大庆长垣的有利后备潜力储层,主要分布于大庆长垣的中南部。该区砂体厚度横向变化较快,属低孔、低渗储层,河道砂体不易预测与识别,成为油田勘探、开发的瓶颈。本课题对砂体进行沉积时间单元划分,从平面成因及垂向上沉积演化规律进行了认识,进而研究储层的分布规律,为油田开发提供技术支撑。
本文在充分调研国内扶杨油层描述方法的基础上,综合运用沉积学理论以及层序地层学原理,以取心井资料为依据,在大的沉积背景下分析扶杨油层沉积环境,确定扶杨油层沉积单元界限及对比标志,垂向上细分为57个沉积单元；利用测井曲线的岩电对比关系,建立适合扶杨油层的标准测井微相模式；通过绘制基准线旋回剖面,搞清了扶杨油层沉积环境和砂体沉积特征。在以上基础上分析不同单元的沉积环境,建立沉积模式,确定各单元沉积微相组合方法,绘制成平面沉积微相相带图,进而总结其展布规律。形成了一套扶杨油层砂体分布规律的研究方法,对进一步评价长垣中部地区扶杨油层潜力、提交油气后备储量、指导开发试验等提供地质依据,对其他区块同类油层砂体分布描述及规律性分析具有重要借鉴意义。
The Quantou Formation of Lower Cretaceous in the Central Part of Daqing placanticline is delta front subfacies. Types of sand body mainly are distributary channel, in which the developing Fuyang reservoir is the advantageous reserve potential reservoir, mainly are located in mid-south of Daqing placanticline. Lateral variation of Sand body Thickness in the area is faster, belonging to low porosity, low permeability reservoirs, channel sand body is not easy to predict and identify, becoming the bottleneck of oilfield exploration and development. The subject carries on a division in Sedimentary Time Units, doing research on the plane origins of the sand and vertical sediment evolution rules, and then distribution rules of reservoirs are researched, which provides technical support for oilfield development.
In the paper on the basis of fully researching description method of domestic Fuyang reservoir, comprehensively applying sedimentological theory and principle of sequence stratigraphy, taking coring materials as the foundation, analysing the sedimentary environment of under the great sedimentary background, determing the limits of sedimentary units and correlative marks of Fuyang reservoir, vertically subdivising 57 sedimentary units; using the correlative relationship between lithology and electricity of logging curves, establishing microfacies model of normal log suited for Fuyang reservoir; by means of drawing baseline cyclic profile, finding out sedimentary environment and sedimentary characteristics of Fuyang reservoir. Based on the above, analysing sedimentary characteristics of different units, building sedimentary model, determing combined method of sedimentary microfacies of every unit, drawing facies belt graph of plane sedimentary microfacies, and then summarizing distribution rules. A suit of research methods are formed aimed at distribution rules of sand body of Fuyang reservoir, providing geological basis for further evaluation on the potential of Fuyang reservoir in the Central Part of placanticline, submitting Backing reserve of hydrocarbon, directing development test and so on, having significant reference value for the description and regular analysis of sand body distribution of the same oil layers to other blocks.
本文在充分调研国内扶杨油层描述方法的基础上,综合运用沉积学理论以及层序地层学原理,以取心井资料为依据,在大的沉积背景下分析扶杨油层沉积环境,确定扶杨油层沉积单元界限及对比标志,垂向上细分为57个沉积单元；利用测井曲线的岩电对比关系,建立适合扶杨油层的标准测井微相模式；通过绘制基准线旋回剖面,搞清了扶杨油层沉积环境和砂体沉积特征。在以上基础上分析不同单元的沉积环境,建立沉积模式,确定各单元沉积微相组合方法,绘制成平面沉积微相相带图,进而总结其展布规律。形成了一套扶杨油层砂体分布规律的研究方法,对进一步评价长垣中部地区扶杨油层潜力、提交油气后备储量、指导开发试验等提供地质依据,对其他区块同类油层砂体分布描述及规律性分析具有重要借鉴意义。
The Quantou Formation of Lower Cretaceous in the Central Part of Daqing placanticline is delta front subfacies. Types of sand body mainly are distributary channel, in which the developing Fuyang reservoir is the advantageous reserve potential reservoir, mainly are located in mid-south of Daqing placanticline. Lateral variation of Sand body Thickness in the area is faster, belonging to low porosity, low permeability reservoirs, channel sand body is not easy to predict and identify, becoming the bottleneck of oilfield exploration and development. The subject carries on a division in Sedimentary Time Units, doing research on the plane origins of the sand and vertical sediment evolution rules, and then distribution rules of reservoirs are researched, which provides technical support for oilfield development.
In the paper on the basis of fully researching description method of domestic Fuyang reservoir, comprehensively applying sedimentological theory and principle of sequence stratigraphy, taking coring materials as the foundation, analysing the sedimentary environment of under the great sedimentary background, determing the limits of sedimentary units and correlative marks of Fuyang reservoir, vertically subdivising 57 sedimentary units; using the correlative relationship between lithology and electricity of logging curves, establishing microfacies model of normal log suited for Fuyang reservoir; by means of drawing baseline cyclic profile, finding out sedimentary environment and sedimentary characteristics of Fuyang reservoir. Based on the above, analysing sedimentary characteristics of different units, building sedimentary model, determing combined method of sedimentary microfacies of every unit, drawing facies belt graph of plane sedimentary microfacies, and then summarizing distribution rules. A suit of research methods are formed aimed at distribution rules of sand body of Fuyang reservoir, providing geological basis for further evaluation on the potential of Fuyang reservoir in the Central Part of placanticline, submitting Backing reserve of hydrocarbon, directing development test and so on, having significant reference value for the description and regular analysis of sand body distribution of the same oil layers to other blocks.
引文
[1]黄薇,张顺,梁江平,付秀丽.松辽盆地沉积地层与成藏相应[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2009,28(5)：18-22.
[2]JIA Cheng-zao. The Characteristics of Intra-continental Deformation and Hydrocarbon Distribution Controlled by the Himalayan Tectonic Movements in China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):96～104.
[3]王东坡.松辽盆地沉积建造与海平面升降[M]. 北京：地质出版社,1993.
[4]赵利华,云金表,方德庆,等.松辽盆地北部构造沉降史及波动旋回性分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(4)：99-101.
[5]张雷,卢双舫,张学娟,等.大庆长垣及以东地区泉头组三、四段重矿物特征及沉积体系分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(1)：10-13.
[6]大庆油田石油地质志编写组.中国石油地质志(卷二上)大庆油田[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,1993.
[7]丛琳,马世忠.松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层物源分析[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(25)：6138-6145.
[8]Miall A D. Reservoir of heterogeneities in fluvial sandstones:Lessons from outcrops studies[J], AAPG Bulletin,1988,72 (6):682～697.
[9]Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis:a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J], Earth Science Reviews,1985,22:261～308.
[10]Miall A D. Principles of sedimentary basin analysis (second edition)[M]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1990.
[11]王秀娟,许建红,李恒双.大庆外围三肇凹陷沉积体系及其对储层质量的控制作用研究[J].长江大学学报(自科科学版)理工卷,2010,7(2)：32-36.
[12]薛叔浩,刘雯林.湖盆沉积地质与油气勘探[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,1997.
[13]穆龙新,贾爱林.储层精细研究方法[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,2000.
[14]Reading H G(周明鉴,陈昌明译).沉积环境和相[M]. 北京：科学出版社,1985.
[15]司学强,张金亮,杨子成.博兴洼陷沙四上亚段滩坝砂岩成岩作用及其与储层质量的关系[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,32(2)：6～11.
[16]陈全红,李文厚,高永祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深湖沉积与油气聚集意义[J].中国科学(D辑)：地球科学,2007,37(S I)：39～48.
[17]杜海峰,于兴河.松辽盆地高台子地区扶杨油层组岩心岩相及构形要素分析[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2)：35-40.
[18]Renata C, Sulovsky P, Bruce A P. Major and trace elements in py-rope almandine garnets as sediment provenance indicators of the Lower Carboniferous Culm sediments[J], DrahanyUplands,Bohemian Massif.Lithos,2005,82(1/2):51～70.
[19]Moral Cardona J P, Guti e rrez Mas J M, S a nchez Bell o n A, et al. Surface textures of heavy-mineral grains[J], A new contribution to provenance studies.Sedimentary Geology, 2005,174 (3/4):223～235.
[20]Morton A C, Whitham A G, Fanning C M. Provenance of Late Cre-taceous to Paleocene submarine fan sandstones in the Norwegian Sea[J], Integration ofheavyminera,l mineral chemical and zircon age data.Sedimentary Geology,2005,182(1/4):3～28.
[21]梁昌国,王志章,林承焰,等.松辽盆地扶余油田白垩系泉四段沉积微相研究[J].西南石油大学学报,2008,30(2)：69～73.
[22]Coleman J M. Prior D B.Deltaic environments of deposition in sandstone depositional environments[M]. AAPG Memoir,1981.
[23]Revenne C, Eschard R. Heterogeneity and geometry of sedimentary bodies in fluvial deltaic reservoir[C]. SPE 16752,1989.
[24]张英志,林畅松,马利民,等.大庆油田葡一油层组高精度层序格架内储集砂体的沉积构成及其对油田开发的意义[J].现代地质,2006,20(2)：225～231.
[25]Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis:A new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J], Earth Science Review,1985,22 (2):261～308.
[26]Miall A D. Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstones:Lesson from outcrop studies[J], AAPG Bulletin,1988,72 (6):687～697.
[27]Lin Changsong,Li Sitian, Li Zhen. Facies architecture,stratigraphic sequences and coal occurrence in the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian Delta Complexes of the North Huabei Basin,China[M]//Oti N,Postma G.Geology of Deltas.Rotterdam,Netherland:Balkema Publishers,1995:97～125.
[2]JIA Cheng-zao. The Characteristics of Intra-continental Deformation and Hydrocarbon Distribution Controlled by the Himalayan Tectonic Movements in China [J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(4):96～104.
[3]王东坡.松辽盆地沉积建造与海平面升降[M]. 北京：地质出版社,1993.
[4]赵利华,云金表,方德庆,等.松辽盆地北部构造沉降史及波动旋回性分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2004,28(4)：99-101.
[5]张雷,卢双舫,张学娟,等.大庆长垣及以东地区泉头组三、四段重矿物特征及沉积体系分析[J].大庆石油学院学报,2010,34(1)：10-13.
[6]大庆油田石油地质志编写组.中国石油地质志(卷二上)大庆油田[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,1993.
[7]丛琳,马世忠.松辽盆地南部两井东-木头南地区扶余油层物源分析[J].科学技术与工程,2010,10(25)：6138-6145.
[8]Miall A D. Reservoir of heterogeneities in fluvial sandstones:Lessons from outcrops studies[J], AAPG Bulletin,1988,72 (6):682～697.
[9]Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis:a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J], Earth Science Reviews,1985,22:261～308.
[10]Miall A D. Principles of sedimentary basin analysis (second edition)[M]. New York:Springer-Verlag,1990.
[11]王秀娟,许建红,李恒双.大庆外围三肇凹陷沉积体系及其对储层质量的控制作用研究[J].长江大学学报(自科科学版)理工卷,2010,7(2)：32-36.
[12]薛叔浩,刘雯林.湖盆沉积地质与油气勘探[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,1997.
[13]穆龙新,贾爱林.储层精细研究方法[M]. 北京：石油工业出版社,2000.
[14]Reading H G(周明鉴,陈昌明译).沉积环境和相[M]. 北京：科学出版社,1985.
[15]司学强,张金亮,杨子成.博兴洼陷沙四上亚段滩坝砂岩成岩作用及其与储层质量的关系[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2007,32(2)：6～11.
[16]陈全红,李文厚,高永祥,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深湖沉积与油气聚集意义[J].中国科学(D辑)：地球科学,2007,37(S I)：39～48.
[17]杜海峰,于兴河.松辽盆地高台子地区扶杨油层组岩心岩相及构形要素分析[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(2)：35-40.
[18]Renata C, Sulovsky P, Bruce A P. Major and trace elements in py-rope almandine garnets as sediment provenance indicators of the Lower Carboniferous Culm sediments[J], DrahanyUplands,Bohemian Massif.Lithos,2005,82(1/2):51～70.
[19]Moral Cardona J P, Guti e rrez Mas J M, S a nchez Bell o n A, et al. Surface textures of heavy-mineral grains[J], A new contribution to provenance studies.Sedimentary Geology, 2005,174 (3/4):223～235.
[20]Morton A C, Whitham A G, Fanning C M. Provenance of Late Cre-taceous to Paleocene submarine fan sandstones in the Norwegian Sea[J], Integration ofheavyminera,l mineral chemical and zircon age data.Sedimentary Geology,2005,182(1/4):3～28.
[21]梁昌国,王志章,林承焰,等.松辽盆地扶余油田白垩系泉四段沉积微相研究[J].西南石油大学学报,2008,30(2)：69～73.
[22]Coleman J M. Prior D B.Deltaic environments of deposition in sandstone depositional environments[M]. AAPG Memoir,1981.
[23]Revenne C, Eschard R. Heterogeneity and geometry of sedimentary bodies in fluvial deltaic reservoir[C]. SPE 16752,1989.
[24]张英志,林畅松,马利民,等.大庆油田葡一油层组高精度层序格架内储集砂体的沉积构成及其对油田开发的意义[J].现代地质,2006,20(2)：225～231.
[25]Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis:A new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J], Earth Science Review,1985,22 (2):261～308.
[26]Miall A D. Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstones:Lesson from outcrop studies[J], AAPG Bulletin,1988,72 (6):687～697.
[27]Lin Changsong,Li Sitian, Li Zhen. Facies architecture,stratigraphic sequences and coal occurrence in the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian Delta Complexes of the North Huabei Basin,China[M]//Oti N,Postma G.Geology of Deltas.Rotterdam,Netherland:Balkema Publishers,1995:97～125.