基于DSP控制器的介质损耗变频测量装置的研制
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摘要
本文在对传统介质损耗测量方法和一些现代介质损耗测量方法作了简要分析说明的基础上，针对现场测量电气设备的介质损耗时存在的工频强电场干扰问题，提出了介质损耗变频测量的方法，同时对介损变频测量装置的硬件电路及软件部分做了简要介绍。
本课题以TI公司的TMS320F2810 DSP为控制核心，设计了介质损耗变频测量装置的硬件电路，其中包括变频电源、信号采集电路、液晶显示接口电路、打印接口电路、键盘接口电路、通信接口电路以及整个系统的直流工作电源等部分。软件部分，利用C语言编写了部分程序实现了控制、测量、显示、按键、打印、通信等功能。
现场测量电气设备的介损参数时，由于工频强电场对测量回路存在同频干扰，使得测量精度受到很大影响。为了提高测量精度，可以改变加在设备上的电压频率，使同频干扰变为易于消除的异频干扰，然后结合傅里叶变换频谱分析的方法得到介损参数公式。本课题正是基于这一思想设计了介质损耗变频测量装置。
本装置无论在硬件电路设计还是软件编程方面都采取了一些抗干扰措施，使整个系统的抗干扰性能好、测量精度高。
In this thesis, traditional and some modern dielectric loss measurement methods were analysed and explained firstly, then dielectric loss variable frequency method was presented on the basis of considering the interference of strong electric field with the power frequency in local measurement. Meanwhile, the hardware and the software of dielectric loss measuring instrument with variable frequency method were introduced.
In this subject, the controlling center of the hardware system was TMS320F2810. The hardware of this system mainly included variable frequency power, signal sampling, interface circuit of LCD( Liquid Crystal Display), printer, keyboard, communication, and the direct-current power supply etc. As to software, C language programs were designed to achieve the functions of control, measuring, display, key, print and communication etc.
In local dielectric loss measurement, the measurement accuracy was influenced by the interference of strong electric field with the power frequency. In order to improve measurement accuracy, we changed the same-frequency interference to different-frequency interference, and combined with Fourier transform frequency spectrum analysis to get parameter of dielectric loss. Based on this theory, a dielectric loss measuring instrument with variable frequency method was designed.
Anti-interference measures were considered in hardware and software of this design, which made the whole measuring system have good anti-jamming perforance and high measurement precision.
本课题以TI公司的TMS320F2810 DSP为控制核心，设计了介质损耗变频测量装置的硬件电路，其中包括变频电源、信号采集电路、液晶显示接口电路、打印接口电路、键盘接口电路、通信接口电路以及整个系统的直流工作电源等部分。软件部分，利用C语言编写了部分程序实现了控制、测量、显示、按键、打印、通信等功能。
现场测量电气设备的介损参数时，由于工频强电场对测量回路存在同频干扰，使得测量精度受到很大影响。为了提高测量精度，可以改变加在设备上的电压频率，使同频干扰变为易于消除的异频干扰，然后结合傅里叶变换频谱分析的方法得到介损参数公式。本课题正是基于这一思想设计了介质损耗变频测量装置。
本装置无论在硬件电路设计还是软件编程方面都采取了一些抗干扰措施，使整个系统的抗干扰性能好、测量精度高。
In this thesis, traditional and some modern dielectric loss measurement methods were analysed and explained firstly, then dielectric loss variable frequency method was presented on the basis of considering the interference of strong electric field with the power frequency in local measurement. Meanwhile, the hardware and the software of dielectric loss measuring instrument with variable frequency method were introduced.
In this subject, the controlling center of the hardware system was TMS320F2810. The hardware of this system mainly included variable frequency power, signal sampling, interface circuit of LCD( Liquid Crystal Display), printer, keyboard, communication, and the direct-current power supply etc. As to software, C language programs were designed to achieve the functions of control, measuring, display, key, print and communication etc.
In local dielectric loss measurement, the measurement accuracy was influenced by the interference of strong electric field with the power frequency. In order to improve measurement accuracy, we changed the same-frequency interference to different-frequency interference, and combined with Fourier transform frequency spectrum analysis to get parameter of dielectric loss. Based on this theory, a dielectric loss measuring instrument with variable frequency method was designed.
Anti-interference measures were considered in hardware and software of this design, which made the whole measuring system have good anti-jamming perforance and high measurement precision.
引文
[1] 陈天翔，王寅仲．电气试验．北京：中国电力出版社．2005．35～63
[2] 王超，吕小静，舒乃秋，等．现代介质损耗测量技术分析及应用．电网技术，2003，7(6)：42～44
[3] 赵沛，张源斌．介质损耗的数字化测量方法．高压电器，2004，40(1)：45～47
[4] 武汉水利电力大学高压教研室编．高压测试技术．北京：水利电力出版社．1984．
[5] 贺景亮等．绝缘介质损耗因数在线检测的研究．高电压工程，1994，20(4)：36～38
[6] 傅宾兰．电容型电气设备带电及在线检测仪的研制．电网技术，1995，19(5)：29～34
[7] F.J.Harris.On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Proc. Vol.66, No.6, pp.51～83, 1989.
[8] A Van Roggen. An Overview of Dielectric Measurements. IEEE Trans On Electrical Insulation, Vol.25, No. 1, 1990.
[9] 吴集光，潘留占．高压电气设备介质损耗测量方法综述．电子技术应用．1999，4：36～38
[10] 蔡国雄，甄为红．测量介质损耗的数字化过零点电压比较法．电网技术．2002，26(7)：15～18
[11]吕延锋，钟连宏，王建华．电气设备绝缘介质损耗测量方法的研究．高电压技术．2000，26(5)：38～42
[12] 文康珍，黎文安等．介质损耗变频测量仪原理与实现．工业仪表与自动化装置．2003，3：36～38
[13] 马为民，吴维韩．便携式数字介质损耗测量系仪的研究．高电压技术．1996，22(1)：92～94
[14] O. Petersons. An Self-balancing High-voltage Capacitance Bridge, IEEE Trans. On Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol.IM-13, 1964
[15] 陈鹏云，贺景亮，等．绝缘介质损耗冈数在线监测的研究．高电压技术．1994，20(4)：36～38
[16] K.G.Burnteg and J.L.T Exon. Diagnostic Measurement Based on Bridge Out-of-balance Signals. IEEE Trans. On Electrical Insulation, 1991.4
[17] 陈天翊，张保会，张翰森，等．基于移相和平衡测量原理的介质损耗在线测量方法．电网技术．2005，29(7)：74～77
[18] 赵秀山，谈克雄．介质损耗角的数字化测量．清华大学学报．1996，36(9)：51～56
[19] 林国庆．介质损耗数字化测量方法研究．高电压技术．2002，28(2)：3～4
[20] Allan D, et al. New techniques for monitoring the insulation quality f in-service HV apparatus. IEEE Trans. EI, 1993, 27(3): 578
[21] N.A.Jaeger, et al. Online dissipation factor monitoring of high-voltage current transformers and Bushings. CIGRE[C], paper. 1998: 12～102
[22] 马为民，吴维韩．数字介质损耗测量中的反接测量技术．电工技术杂志．1997，2：23～24
[23] B.Shi, et al. An investigation on the influencing factors on online insulation monitoring of HV apparatus [A]. IEEE Symposium on Electrical Insulation[C], Anaherim, USA, 2000:81～83
[24] 吕延锋，陈长瑜．用MCS-8098单片机实现的介质损耗测量系统．高电压技术．1996，22(2)：64～66
[25] TH.Kwaaitaal. etc. A Transformer-ratio Bridge for the measurement of Loss Angeles. IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement. 1990.12
[26] 周志敏．开关电源实用技术：改计与应用．北京：人民邮电出版社．2003
[27] 刘胜利．高频开关电源实用新技术．北京：机械工业出版社．2006
[28] 程佩青．数字信号处理教程．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
[29] 郑君里等．信号与系统(上、下)．北京：高等教育出版社．1993
[30] 康华光．电子技术基础(数字部分)．北京：高等教育出版社．2000
[31] 康华光．电子技术基础(模拟部分)．北京：高等教育出版社．1999
[32] 陈化钢．电气设备预防性试验方法．北京：中国电力出版社．1994
[33] 吴广宁．电气设备状态监测的理论与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2005
[34] 苏奎风，吕强等．TMS320F2812原理与开发．北京：电子工业出版社．2005
[35] 王兆安，黄俊．电力电子技术．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
[36] TI．TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上／下)．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
[37] TI．TMS320C28x系列DSP指令和编程指南．北京：清华大学出版社．2005
[2] 王超，吕小静，舒乃秋，等．现代介质损耗测量技术分析及应用．电网技术，2003，7(6)：42～44
[3] 赵沛，张源斌．介质损耗的数字化测量方法．高压电器，2004，40(1)：45～47
[4] 武汉水利电力大学高压教研室编．高压测试技术．北京：水利电力出版社．1984．
[5] 贺景亮等．绝缘介质损耗因数在线检测的研究．高电压工程，1994，20(4)：36～38
[6] 傅宾兰．电容型电气设备带电及在线检测仪的研制．电网技术，1995，19(5)：29～34
[7] F.J.Harris.On the use of windows for harmonic analysis with discrete Fourier transform. IEEE Proc. Vol.66, No.6, pp.51～83, 1989.
[8] A Van Roggen. An Overview of Dielectric Measurements. IEEE Trans On Electrical Insulation, Vol.25, No. 1, 1990.
[9] 吴集光，潘留占．高压电气设备介质损耗测量方法综述．电子技术应用．1999，4：36～38
[10] 蔡国雄，甄为红．测量介质损耗的数字化过零点电压比较法．电网技术．2002，26(7)：15～18
[11]吕延锋，钟连宏，王建华．电气设备绝缘介质损耗测量方法的研究．高电压技术．2000，26(5)：38～42
[12] 文康珍，黎文安等．介质损耗变频测量仪原理与实现．工业仪表与自动化装置．2003，3：36～38
[13] 马为民，吴维韩．便携式数字介质损耗测量系仪的研究．高电压技术．1996，22(1)：92～94
[14] O. Petersons. An Self-balancing High-voltage Capacitance Bridge, IEEE Trans. On Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol.IM-13, 1964
[15] 陈鹏云，贺景亮，等．绝缘介质损耗冈数在线监测的研究．高电压技术．1994，20(4)：36～38
[16] K.G.Burnteg and J.L.T Exon. Diagnostic Measurement Based on Bridge Out-of-balance Signals. IEEE Trans. On Electrical Insulation, 1991.4
[17] 陈天翊，张保会，张翰森，等．基于移相和平衡测量原理的介质损耗在线测量方法．电网技术．2005，29(7)：74～77
[18] 赵秀山，谈克雄．介质损耗角的数字化测量．清华大学学报．1996，36(9)：51～56
[19] 林国庆．介质损耗数字化测量方法研究．高电压技术．2002，28(2)：3～4
[20] Allan D, et al. New techniques for monitoring the insulation quality f in-service HV apparatus. IEEE Trans. EI, 1993, 27(3): 578
[21] N.A.Jaeger, et al. Online dissipation factor monitoring of high-voltage current transformers and Bushings. CIGRE[C], paper. 1998: 12～102
[22] 马为民，吴维韩．数字介质损耗测量中的反接测量技术．电工技术杂志．1997，2：23～24
[23] B.Shi, et al. An investigation on the influencing factors on online insulation monitoring of HV apparatus [A]. IEEE Symposium on Electrical Insulation[C], Anaherim, USA, 2000:81～83
[24] 吕延锋，陈长瑜．用MCS-8098单片机实现的介质损耗测量系统．高电压技术．1996，22(2)：64～66
[25] TH.Kwaaitaal. etc. A Transformer-ratio Bridge for the measurement of Loss Angeles. IEEE Trans. on Instrumentation and Measurement. 1990.12
[26] 周志敏．开关电源实用技术：改计与应用．北京：人民邮电出版社．2003
[27] 刘胜利．高频开关电源实用新技术．北京：机械工业出版社．2006
[28] 程佩青．数字信号处理教程．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
[29] 郑君里等．信号与系统(上、下)．北京：高等教育出版社．1993
[30] 康华光．电子技术基础(数字部分)．北京：高等教育出版社．2000
[31] 康华光．电子技术基础(模拟部分)．北京：高等教育出版社．1999
[32] 陈化钢．电气设备预防性试验方法．北京：中国电力出版社．1994
[33] 吴广宁．电气设备状态监测的理论与实践．北京：清华大学出版社．2005
[34] 苏奎风，吕强等．TMS320F2812原理与开发．北京：电子工业出版社．2005
[35] 王兆安，黄俊．电力电子技术．北京：机械工业出版社．2000
[36] TI．TMS320C28x系列DSP的CPU与外设(上／下)．北京：清华大学出版社．2004
[37] TI．TMS320C28x系列DSP指令和编程指南．北京：清华大学出版社．2005