基于红外传感器的开关柜温度在线实时监测系统设计
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摘要
开关柜是重要的输配电设备,在电力系统中起着非常关键的作用。在设备长期运行中,由于触头老化或超负荷运行,容易导致局部温度过高,如果没有及时排除,最终将引发火灾等事故。因此,对开关柜进行监测具有重要意义,尽量做到提早预防、提早发现、及时处理。
本文给出的开关柜温度在线监测系统设计,采用红外温度传感器采集开关柜内母线排温度,所得的模拟信号经过A/D转换后送到现场控制单元,由微处理器对数据进行处理。最终得到的温度值由液晶屏显示。控制单元根据设定值判断温度是否超限,若超限则启动报警装置。数据通过RS-485串口通信上传到管理计算机,实行远程监控。
系统传感器、电路板工作所需电源都由板上集成的电源模块供给,与外接电源隔离,RS-485通信采用光电隔离处理。在处理温度数据时,采取多次测量,去掉最大、最小值后取平均值的方法,数据传送采用偶校验。监控软件可以实时采集数据,并进行显示、存档和对比处理,具备记录、报警、打印、设置等功能。系统使用MFC开发温度监控软件,数据存储采用目前实时通信系统中比较常用的关系型数据库Access 2000,采用ADO访问技术。
Switchgear is one of the most important parts of the electric system. But there are always some accidents here because of the high temperature. We all know that the current gets across the resistance will heat the equipments. When the temperature exceeds the limt then a fire happens which causes a lot of damage. Also the temperature goes too high is a signal of the error of the equipment which is the base of the electric system. Therefore, monitor system means a lot to the electric system. It can ensure the electric system to work well.
This system is based on the microcontroller MSP430F149, using IR temperature measurement technology. The AD7656 transfers analog inputs into digital outputs and then passes to MSP430F149. Using micro-processor to process the frequency signal of infrared temperature sensors and to display the temperature, and give an alarm according to the rising temperature of switchgear's measuring part. The monitoring system sends temperature data to computer through RS-485.
The power supply of the system is isolated from the outside.Also RS-485 communication is optical isolated. The final temperature is an average of several measurements, except the largest and the smallest data. Verifying even when the data is transferd to the computer. The software of on-line real-time monitoring for temperature can show the temperature real-time, analyse the data, give an alarm, save the data, and so on. The system can notify the workers about the alarm in time to avoide the accident. The software is empoldered using MFC. The temperature is saved to the Access 2000 database. The software uses ADO technique to read the data from the database.
本文给出的开关柜温度在线监测系统设计,采用红外温度传感器采集开关柜内母线排温度,所得的模拟信号经过A/D转换后送到现场控制单元,由微处理器对数据进行处理。最终得到的温度值由液晶屏显示。控制单元根据设定值判断温度是否超限,若超限则启动报警装置。数据通过RS-485串口通信上传到管理计算机,实行远程监控。
系统传感器、电路板工作所需电源都由板上集成的电源模块供给,与外接电源隔离,RS-485通信采用光电隔离处理。在处理温度数据时,采取多次测量,去掉最大、最小值后取平均值的方法,数据传送采用偶校验。监控软件可以实时采集数据,并进行显示、存档和对比处理,具备记录、报警、打印、设置等功能。系统使用MFC开发温度监控软件,数据存储采用目前实时通信系统中比较常用的关系型数据库Access 2000,采用ADO访问技术。
Switchgear is one of the most important parts of the electric system. But there are always some accidents here because of the high temperature. We all know that the current gets across the resistance will heat the equipments. When the temperature exceeds the limt then a fire happens which causes a lot of damage. Also the temperature goes too high is a signal of the error of the equipment which is the base of the electric system. Therefore, monitor system means a lot to the electric system. It can ensure the electric system to work well.
This system is based on the microcontroller MSP430F149, using IR temperature measurement technology. The AD7656 transfers analog inputs into digital outputs and then passes to MSP430F149. Using micro-processor to process the frequency signal of infrared temperature sensors and to display the temperature, and give an alarm according to the rising temperature of switchgear's measuring part. The monitoring system sends temperature data to computer through RS-485.
The power supply of the system is isolated from the outside.Also RS-485 communication is optical isolated. The final temperature is an average of several measurements, except the largest and the smallest data. Verifying even when the data is transferd to the computer. The software of on-line real-time monitoring for temperature can show the temperature real-time, analyse the data, give an alarm, save the data, and so on. The system can notify the workers about the alarm in time to avoide the accident. The software is empoldered using MFC. The temperature is saved to the Access 2000 database. The software uses ADO technique to read the data from the database.
引文
[1]高压开关柜概述.http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5fa2076c0100dkoj.html
[2]陈威,刘根才.浅谈电力设备红外测温的几种分析方法[J].技术论坛,79,81
[3]叶风,张晓宁.红外技术在电力设备外部故障检测中的应用[J].辽宁工学院学报,2002,22(5):13-15
[4]赵斌,李大勇,匡丽红,辛萍.常用温度检测方法的分析[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2000,12(2):54-59
[5]黄少良.热电偶与红外测温方法比较研究[J].电子质量,2008,(6):91-93
[6]金振东等.国内高压带电设备测温方式综述及分析[J].电力设备,2007,8(12):57-61
[7]钱祥忠.高压开关柜内接头温度在线监测系统的设计[J].仪表技术与传感器,2007,2:73-75
[8]韩玉兰,芦兴,路灿,田竞.高压开关柜隔离触头温度红外检测系统的研制[J].高压电器,2008,6(44):578-581
[9]Huang Xiping,Wang Xin,Qiang Wen.Development of On-line Monitoring Equipment of Medium Voltage Switchgear[J].The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments,2007,3:388-392
[10]杜永平,曹新义,夏长虹.分布式光纤测温技术在全封闭开关柜中的应用[J].电力设备,2008,4(9):43-45
[11]赵光兴,张帆.基于MSP430单片机的高压开关柜温度在线检测系统设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2008,(6):55-57
[12]孙正来,孙鸣.高压开关柜温度在线监测技术研究[J].电力信息化,2008,6(6),62-66
[13]孙剑,林伟国.基于CO_2传感器的高压开关柜触点超温监测仪的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2009,1(23):96-100
[14]郭红兵.间歇式电厂高压开关柜触头温度无线采集模块设计[J].电力学报,2007,3(22):385-386,389
[15]Yong-Sung Choi,Ju-Ho Yun,Hyang-Kon Kim,Chung-Seog Choi,Kyung-Sup Lee.On-Line Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics of Power Distribution Equipment[J].International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis,Beijing,China 2008,692-695
[16]红外线温度计_百度百科.http://baike.baidu.com/view/1224357.htm
[17]胡红光.电力红外诊断技术作业与管理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006
[18]王洪涛,郑中兴.红外测温技术的进展及其应用[J].无损探伤,2007,31(4):1-5
[19]曾强,舒芳誉,李清华.红外测温仪-工作原理及误差分析[J].传感器世界,2007,32-35
[20]刘占增,曾汉生,丁翠娇.红外辐射温度测量技术[J].武钢技术,2006,44(1):21-24
[21]Max J.Riedl.Optical Design Fundamentals for Infrared Systems[M].Society of photo optical,2005
[22]晏敏,彭楚武,颜永红,曾云,曾健平.红外测温原理及误差分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,31(5):110-112
[23]Maldaque.Infrared Methodology and Technology[M].Taylor & Francis INC.,1994
[24]刘福杰,王浩静,范立东.红外测温仪原理及其在应用中注意的问题[J].现代仪器,2007,(4):50-51
[25]Guelachvili Guy.Handbook of Infrared Standards[M].Elsevier science & Technology BO,1986
[26]Todd Damiano.Infrared Landscape Photography[M].Independent pub group,1999
[27]周密.变电站红外检测诊断技术的应用[J].广西电力,2007,5:45-47
[28]Laohasongkram P.,Junsiri,J.,Oupayaso J..Application of thermal detector by infrared for electrical arch furnaces transformer[J].Control,Automation and Systems,2007,1383-1386
[29]Liujian,Lin Lihua,Liu Gongquan,Zheng Jianmin,Chen Bing.A substation monitoring and warning system based on infrared technology and image separating[J].Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering,2008,1:66-70
[30]刘国起.红外测温仪不能用于不锈钢类材料温度的测量[J].设备管理与维修,2008,3:57
[31]AD7656技术文档.ANALOG DEVICES,2005
[32]宋浩然,赵铁龙.AD7656的原理及在继电保护产品中的应用[J].电子技术应用,2007,(4):55-58
[33]朱维钧,周有庆,王优优.AD7656及其在电力系统测控中的应用[J].电工材料,2007,(2):47-50
[34]MSP430技术文档.TEXAS INSTRUMENTS,2000
[35]邱银安,周咏梅,彭三城,满君丰.MSP430F149单片机及其应用研究[J].株洲工学院学报,2004,18(5):31-33
[36]朱海君,敬岚,刘彩虹,刘亚利,高世伟.MSP430F149单片机及其在温度测控系统 中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2004,(11):35-36
[37]MAX3480A-MAX3480B技术文档.MAXIM,1996
[38]内藏HD61202及其兼容控制驱动器图形液晶显示模块使用手册第一版.北京精电蓬远显示技术有限公司,2001
[39]AMS1117技术文档.Advanced Monolithic Systems,Inc
[40]高频模块电源专集.北京星原丰泰电子技术有限公司,2008
[41]MSP430 Family Architecture Guide and Module Library,
[42]OPEN-JTAG开发小组.ARM JTAG调试原理.2004
[43]IEEE Standard 1149.1-Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture.
[44]王小华,荣命哲,徐铁军,蔡彬,张杭,郭媛媛,王鑫.中压开关柜在线监测系统硬件抗电磁干扰技术研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(5):321-324
[45]高速PCB设计指南.http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=201774773
[46]KAYANO P S D,SILVA M S,MAGRINI L C,et al.Distribution Substation Transformer and Circuit Breaker Diagnses with the Assistance of Real-time Monitoring[C].IEEE/PES Transmission & Distribution Conference & Exposition Latin America,2004:185-189
[47]MLADEN KEZUNOVI,REN Zhi-fang,GORAN LATISKO,et al.Automated Monitoring and Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):1910-1918
[48]胡大可.MSP430系列-单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2003
[49]LSD-FET430 UIF使用手册V3.1
[50]胡大可.MSP430系列-FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
[51]魏小龙.MSP430系列-单片机接口技术及系统设计实例[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2002
[52]IAR中MSP430中断服务函数的定义.http://hi.baidu.com/06120272/blog/item/fc27ced1aa50de3e9a502722.html
[53]分享有关MSP430中断嵌套问题.http://www.microcontrol.cn/bbs/MINI/Default.asp?100-6224-0-0-0-0-0-a-.htm
[54]Access数据库简介.http://codex.wordpress.org.cn/index.php?oldid=85310
[55]刘天印.基于VC++的数据库访问技术的比较与选择[J].黄石理工学院学报,2005,21(4):15-18
[56]向洪波.Visual C++数据库访问技术的比较[J].科技创新导报,2008,12
[57]张敏,赵平.VC++6.0访问Access2000数据库的技术[J].信息与电子工程,2005,3(4):293-296
[58]顾保磊.VC++与Access连接及其简单操作的实现[J].武汉工业学院学报,2006,25(1):22-25
[59]高博,张亚东.常用数据库访问技术的研究[J].河南科技,2005,(12):32-33
[60]齐永奇,乔文生.基于Visual C++的ADO数据库开发技术[J].华北水利水电学院学报,2008,29(4):68-71
[2]陈威,刘根才.浅谈电力设备红外测温的几种分析方法[J].技术论坛,79,81
[3]叶风,张晓宁.红外技术在电力设备外部故障检测中的应用[J].辽宁工学院学报,2002,22(5):13-15
[4]赵斌,李大勇,匡丽红,辛萍.常用温度检测方法的分析[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,2000,12(2):54-59
[5]黄少良.热电偶与红外测温方法比较研究[J].电子质量,2008,(6):91-93
[6]金振东等.国内高压带电设备测温方式综述及分析[J].电力设备,2007,8(12):57-61
[7]钱祥忠.高压开关柜内接头温度在线监测系统的设计[J].仪表技术与传感器,2007,2:73-75
[8]韩玉兰,芦兴,路灿,田竞.高压开关柜隔离触头温度红外检测系统的研制[J].高压电器,2008,6(44):578-581
[9]Huang Xiping,Wang Xin,Qiang Wen.Development of On-line Monitoring Equipment of Medium Voltage Switchgear[J].The Eighth International Conference on Electronic Measurement and Instruments,2007,3:388-392
[10]杜永平,曹新义,夏长虹.分布式光纤测温技术在全封闭开关柜中的应用[J].电力设备,2008,4(9):43-45
[11]赵光兴,张帆.基于MSP430单片机的高压开关柜温度在线检测系统设计[J].中国仪器仪表,2008,(6):55-57
[12]孙正来,孙鸣.高压开关柜温度在线监测技术研究[J].电力信息化,2008,6(6),62-66
[13]孙剑,林伟国.基于CO_2传感器的高压开关柜触点超温监测仪的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2009,1(23):96-100
[14]郭红兵.间歇式电厂高压开关柜触头温度无线采集模块设计[J].电力学报,2007,3(22):385-386,389
[15]Yong-Sung Choi,Ju-Ho Yun,Hyang-Kon Kim,Chung-Seog Choi,Kyung-Sup Lee.On-Line Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics of Power Distribution Equipment[J].International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis,Beijing,China 2008,692-695
[16]红外线温度计_百度百科.http://baike.baidu.com/view/1224357.htm
[17]胡红光.电力红外诊断技术作业与管理[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2006
[18]王洪涛,郑中兴.红外测温技术的进展及其应用[J].无损探伤,2007,31(4):1-5
[19]曾强,舒芳誉,李清华.红外测温仪-工作原理及误差分析[J].传感器世界,2007,32-35
[20]刘占增,曾汉生,丁翠娇.红外辐射温度测量技术[J].武钢技术,2006,44(1):21-24
[21]Max J.Riedl.Optical Design Fundamentals for Infrared Systems[M].Society of photo optical,2005
[22]晏敏,彭楚武,颜永红,曾云,曾健平.红外测温原理及误差分析[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,31(5):110-112
[23]Maldaque.Infrared Methodology and Technology[M].Taylor & Francis INC.,1994
[24]刘福杰,王浩静,范立东.红外测温仪原理及其在应用中注意的问题[J].现代仪器,2007,(4):50-51
[25]Guelachvili Guy.Handbook of Infrared Standards[M].Elsevier science & Technology BO,1986
[26]Todd Damiano.Infrared Landscape Photography[M].Independent pub group,1999
[27]周密.变电站红外检测诊断技术的应用[J].广西电力,2007,5:45-47
[28]Laohasongkram P.,Junsiri,J.,Oupayaso J..Application of thermal detector by infrared for electrical arch furnaces transformer[J].Control,Automation and Systems,2007,1383-1386
[29]Liujian,Lin Lihua,Liu Gongquan,Zheng Jianmin,Chen Bing.A substation monitoring and warning system based on infrared technology and image separating[J].Intelligent System and Knowledge Engineering,2008,1:66-70
[30]刘国起.红外测温仪不能用于不锈钢类材料温度的测量[J].设备管理与维修,2008,3:57
[31]AD7656技术文档.ANALOG DEVICES,2005
[32]宋浩然,赵铁龙.AD7656的原理及在继电保护产品中的应用[J].电子技术应用,2007,(4):55-58
[33]朱维钧,周有庆,王优优.AD7656及其在电力系统测控中的应用[J].电工材料,2007,(2):47-50
[34]MSP430技术文档.TEXAS INSTRUMENTS,2000
[35]邱银安,周咏梅,彭三城,满君丰.MSP430F149单片机及其应用研究[J].株洲工学院学报,2004,18(5):31-33
[36]朱海君,敬岚,刘彩虹,刘亚利,高世伟.MSP430F149单片机及其在温度测控系统 中的应用[J].仪表技术与传感器,2004,(11):35-36
[37]MAX3480A-MAX3480B技术文档.MAXIM,1996
[38]内藏HD61202及其兼容控制驱动器图形液晶显示模块使用手册第一版.北京精电蓬远显示技术有限公司,2001
[39]AMS1117技术文档.Advanced Monolithic Systems,Inc
[40]高频模块电源专集.北京星原丰泰电子技术有限公司,2008
[41]MSP430 Family Architecture Guide and Module Library,
[42]OPEN-JTAG开发小组.ARM JTAG调试原理.2004
[43]IEEE Standard 1149.1-Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture.
[44]王小华,荣命哲,徐铁军,蔡彬,张杭,郭媛媛,王鑫.中压开关柜在线监测系统硬件抗电磁干扰技术研究[J].高压电器,2007,43(5):321-324
[45]高速PCB设计指南.http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=201774773
[46]KAYANO P S D,SILVA M S,MAGRINI L C,et al.Distribution Substation Transformer and Circuit Breaker Diagnses with the Assistance of Real-time Monitoring[C].IEEE/PES Transmission & Distribution Conference & Exposition Latin America,2004:185-189
[47]MLADEN KEZUNOVI,REN Zhi-fang,GORAN LATISKO,et al.Automated Monitoring and Analysis of Circuit Breaker Operation[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Delivery,2005,20(3):1910-1918
[48]胡大可.MSP430系列-单片机C语言程序设计与开发[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2003
[49]LSD-FET430 UIF使用手册V3.1
[50]胡大可.MSP430系列-FLASH型超低功耗16位单片机[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2001
[51]魏小龙.MSP430系列-单片机接口技术及系统设计实例[M].北京:北京航空航天出版社,2002
[52]IAR中MSP430中断服务函数的定义.http://hi.baidu.com/06120272/blog/item/fc27ced1aa50de3e9a502722.html
[53]分享有关MSP430中断嵌套问题.http://www.microcontrol.cn/bbs/MINI/Default.asp?100-6224-0-0-0-0-0-a-.htm
[54]Access数据库简介.http://codex.wordpress.org.cn/index.php?oldid=85310
[55]刘天印.基于VC++的数据库访问技术的比较与选择[J].黄石理工学院学报,2005,21(4):15-18
[56]向洪波.Visual C++数据库访问技术的比较[J].科技创新导报,2008,12
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