汉中地区奶牛结核病流行病学调查分析
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摘要
牛结核病被世界动物卫生组织(OIE)列为B类动物疫病,是一种呈世界分布的人兽共患传染病,其传播流行影响着畜牧业的持续发展和人类的健康。为了保障人们的饮奶安全和人们的健康,本研究采用结核菌素(PPD)皮内变态反应方法,对从1996-2006年汉中地区奶牛结核病进行检疫检测,PPD皮内变态反应结果显示:汉中地区奶牛存栏数近年来基本上呈上升趋势,结核病阳性数和阳性率除1996-1998年有所下降外,从总的趋势讲亦均有所上升。另外采用全国第4次结核病流行病学调查方案对汉中地区的人结核病进行了调查,调查结果显示:从2002-2006年,结核病阳性率和结核病人数均呈上升趋势,而且该病没有季节性,并且在2006年全年各月的结核病人数也呈上升趋势。该研究为汉中地区制定结核病的防治措施提供了重要依据。
Tuberculosis is one of OIE list B diseases, and is a serious zoonosis being distributted worldwidely. The transmission and prevalence of cow tuberculosis influence the continuous development of animal production and human health. In order to ensure milk quality and human health, we investigated the number of cow tuberculosis from year 1996 to 2006 by PPD intradermal allergic assay in this research. The results demonstrated that the number of dairy cow was rising steadily in Hanzhong area in recent years, and the positive numbers and rates were rising steadily except for the decline form year 1996 to1998. At the same time, we investigated the prevalence of tuberculosis in population groups in Hanzhong area according to the plan of the fourth national sampling survey of tuberculosis epidemiology. The results demonstrated that both positive number and patient number were rising steadily from year 2002 to 2006, and the seasonal characters of tuberculosis were not found. The number of tuberculosis patients was keeping continuous rising in the every month of year 2006. This thesis provides a scientific basis for making out tuberculosis control measures in Hanzhong area.
Tuberculosis is one of OIE list B diseases, and is a serious zoonosis being distributted worldwidely. The transmission and prevalence of cow tuberculosis influence the continuous development of animal production and human health. In order to ensure milk quality and human health, we investigated the number of cow tuberculosis from year 1996 to 2006 by PPD intradermal allergic assay in this research. The results demonstrated that the number of dairy cow was rising steadily in Hanzhong area in recent years, and the positive numbers and rates were rising steadily except for the decline form year 1996 to1998. At the same time, we investigated the prevalence of tuberculosis in population groups in Hanzhong area according to the plan of the fourth national sampling survey of tuberculosis epidemiology. The results demonstrated that both positive number and patient number were rising steadily from year 2002 to 2006, and the seasonal characters of tuberculosis were not found. The number of tuberculosis patients was keeping continuous rising in the every month of year 2006. This thesis provides a scientific basis for making out tuberculosis control measures in Hanzhong area.
引文
[1] 王忠仁. 结核病传染与预防对策(现代实用结核病讲座第一讲)[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 1994, 17(5): 267-269.
[2] 刘思国,于辉,宫强,等.牛结核病研究进展[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2003,(10):10-14.
[3] 刘红,褚德龙.牛结核病诊断学研究进展[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2002,(3):14-15.
[4] 中国疾病预防控制中心. 中国新闻社、中国新闻(两会特刊,防治结核病专辑)[C]. 2004.
[5] 金鑫,苏敬良. 人兽共患病的现状与防制(三)——动物结核病[J]. 动物保健,2004, (6): 18- 19.
[6] 王忠仁. 牛结核病与人结核病的相互关系[J]. 中国防痨杂志,2005, 27(22): 123-125.
[7] 刘思国,王春来,张秀华, 等. 牛结核病病原生态学和流行病学研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2005, 32(3): 60-62.
[8] 杨翠富. 人畜共患结核病的防制[J]. 贵州畜牧兽医, 2005, 29(2): 15-16.
[9] Andres MP, Michael P, Ward A, et a1. Simulation model of within herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds[J]. Prev Vet Med, 2002, 54(4): 361-372.
[10] 沈跃飞. 结核杆菌耐药的分子机制及其快速鉴定[A]. 中华基因网第二届“生命之光”征文活动论文集[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术文献出版社, 2002: 230-235.
[11] 刘道新,谈志祥,邱立新.湖南省动物布鲁氏菌病和奶牛结核病的调查[J],2003,(4):27-28.
[12] 邢新华.人与结核病互相传播关系的研究[J].内蒙古预防医学,1997,22(4):32-33.
[13] 陆承平. 兽医微生物学(第三版)[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2001.
[14] 何萍,李旭东. 结核杆菌的检验方法进展[J]. 中华现代临床医药杂志, 2004, 5(4): 79-80.
[15] Yeboah-Manu D, Yates MD, Wilson SM. Application of a simple multiplex PCR to aid in routine work of the mycobacterium reference laboratory[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2001, 39 (11): 4166-4168.
[16] Rondini S, Mensah-Quainoo E, Troll H, et al. Development and application of real- time PCR assay for quantification of Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA[J]. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41(9): 4231-4237.
[17] Broccolo F, Scarpellini P, Locatelli G, et al. Rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial infections and quantitation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis load by two real-time calibrated PCR assays[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2003,41(10): 4565-4572.
[18] Huard RC, de Oliveira Lazzarini LC, Butler WR, et al. PCR-based method to differentiate the subspecies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex on the basis of genomic deletions[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2003, 41(4): 1637-1650.
[19] Parsons LM, Brosch R, Cole ST, et al. Rapid and simple approach for identifica- tion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates by PCR-based genomic deletion analysis[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2002, 40(7): 2339-2345.
[20] Miller JM, Jenny AL, Payeur JB. Polymerase chain reaction detection of Mycobact- erium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium avium organisms in formalinfixed tissue from culture-negative ruminants[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2002, 87(1): 15-23.
[21] Kearns GL, Robinson PK, Wilson JT, et al. Cisapride disposition in neonates and infants: in vivo reflection of cytochrome P450 3A4 ontogeny[J]. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003, 74(4): 312-25.
[22] Tanaka II, Anno IS, Leite SR, et a1. Comparison of a multiplex-PCR assay with mycolic acids analysisand conventional methods for the identification of mycobacteria[J]. Microbiol Immunol, 2003, 47(5): 307-312.
[23] Lodes MJ, Dillon DC, Mohamath R, et al. Serological expression cloning and immunological evaluation of MTB48, a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen[J]. J Cli Microbiol, 2001, 39(32): 2485-2493.
[24] Ryan TJ, Buddle BM, de Lisle GW. An evaluation of the gamma interferon test for detecting bovine tuberculosis in cattle 8 to 28 days after tuberculin skin testing[J]. Res Vet Sci, 2000, 69(1): 57-61.
[25] Amadori M, Lyashchenko KP, Gennaro ML, et a1. Use of recombinant proteins in antibody tests for bovine tuberculosis[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2002, 85(4): 379-389.
[26] 刘增再,彭运潮,胡述光,等. 牛结核病诊断研究进展[J]. 动物医学进展, 2005, 26(5): 13-16.
[27] 唐神结.聚合酶链反应在结核病诊断中的应用[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,1992,15(6):355. [28 何昭阳. 牛结核病研究进展[J]. 预防兽医学进展, 2001, 3(4): 34-39.
[29] 蔡宝祥. 家畜传染病学(第 4 版) [ M ]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2001: 110-114.
[30] Wedlock D N, Skinner M A, Lisle G W, et al. Review: Control of Mycobacterium bovis infections and the risk to human populations[J]. Microbes Infect, 2002, 4 (4): 471-480.
[31] 萧定汉.奶牛疾病监控[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1994.
[32] 白春黎. 牛结核病的诊断与防制[J]. 动物医学进展, 2006, 27 (10): 116-117.
[33] 张秀花,刘思国,王牟平.牛结核病[J].中国动物检疫,2004,21(12):39-41.
[34] 唐神结.母牛分支杆菌菌苗治疗结核病的研究[J].临床肺科杂志,1999,4(4):247-260.
[35] 韩 臻. 中国奶业消费市场的前景展望[J]. 产业经济, 2006, (8): 62-64.
[36] 金素玉,姬鸿甫. 简明动物检疫手册[M]. 西安: 天则出版社,1991: 204-205.
[37] 吴志强,陈廷耀. 牛型提纯结核菌素变态反应检测奶牛结核病的试验[J]. 广东畜牧兽医科技, 2002, (3): 39-40.
[38] 王桂枝,毕丁仁. 兽医防疫与检疫[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998: 135-137.
[39] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 2000 年第四次全国结核病流行病学抽样调查资料汇编[ C ]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2003.
[40] 王培军. 奶牛结核病检疫中的几点注意事项[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2000, (2): 32.
[2] 刘思国,于辉,宫强,等.牛结核病研究进展[J].畜牧兽医科技信息,2003,(10):10-14.
[3] 刘红,褚德龙.牛结核病诊断学研究进展[J].上海畜牧兽医通讯,2002,(3):14-15.
[4] 中国疾病预防控制中心. 中国新闻社、中国新闻(两会特刊,防治结核病专辑)[C]. 2004.
[5] 金鑫,苏敬良. 人兽共患病的现状与防制(三)——动物结核病[J]. 动物保健,2004, (6): 18- 19.
[6] 王忠仁. 牛结核病与人结核病的相互关系[J]. 中国防痨杂志,2005, 27(22): 123-125.
[7] 刘思国,王春来,张秀华, 等. 牛结核病病原生态学和流行病学研究[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2005, 32(3): 60-62.
[8] 杨翠富. 人畜共患结核病的防制[J]. 贵州畜牧兽医, 2005, 29(2): 15-16.
[9] Andres MP, Michael P, Ward A, et a1. Simulation model of within herd transmission of bovine tuberculosis in Argentine dairy herds[J]. Prev Vet Med, 2002, 54(4): 361-372.
[10] 沈跃飞. 结核杆菌耐药的分子机制及其快速鉴定[A]. 中华基因网第二届“生命之光”征文活动论文集[M]. 上海: 上海科学技术文献出版社, 2002: 230-235.
[11] 刘道新,谈志祥,邱立新.湖南省动物布鲁氏菌病和奶牛结核病的调查[J],2003,(4):27-28.
[12] 邢新华.人与结核病互相传播关系的研究[J].内蒙古预防医学,1997,22(4):32-33.
[13] 陆承平. 兽医微生物学(第三版)[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社,2001.
[14] 何萍,李旭东. 结核杆菌的检验方法进展[J]. 中华现代临床医药杂志, 2004, 5(4): 79-80.
[15] Yeboah-Manu D, Yates MD, Wilson SM. Application of a simple multiplex PCR to aid in routine work of the mycobacterium reference laboratory[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2001, 39 (11): 4166-4168.
[16] Rondini S, Mensah-Quainoo E, Troll H, et al. Development and application of real- time PCR assay for quantification of Mycobacterium ulcerans DNA[J]. J Clin Microbiol. 2003, 41(9): 4231-4237.
[17] Broccolo F, Scarpellini P, Locatelli G, et al. Rapid diagnosis of mycobacterial infections and quantitation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis load by two real-time calibrated PCR assays[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2003,41(10): 4565-4572.
[18] Huard RC, de Oliveira Lazzarini LC, Butler WR, et al. PCR-based method to differentiate the subspecies of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex on the basis of genomic deletions[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2003, 41(4): 1637-1650.
[19] Parsons LM, Brosch R, Cole ST, et al. Rapid and simple approach for identifica- tion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates by PCR-based genomic deletion analysis[J]. J Clin Microbiol, 2002, 40(7): 2339-2345.
[20] Miller JM, Jenny AL, Payeur JB. Polymerase chain reaction detection of Mycobact- erium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium avium organisms in formalinfixed tissue from culture-negative ruminants[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2002, 87(1): 15-23.
[21] Kearns GL, Robinson PK, Wilson JT, et al. Cisapride disposition in neonates and infants: in vivo reflection of cytochrome P450 3A4 ontogeny[J]. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2003, 74(4): 312-25.
[22] Tanaka II, Anno IS, Leite SR, et a1. Comparison of a multiplex-PCR assay with mycolic acids analysisand conventional methods for the identification of mycobacteria[J]. Microbiol Immunol, 2003, 47(5): 307-312.
[23] Lodes MJ, Dillon DC, Mohamath R, et al. Serological expression cloning and immunological evaluation of MTB48, a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen[J]. J Cli Microbiol, 2001, 39(32): 2485-2493.
[24] Ryan TJ, Buddle BM, de Lisle GW. An evaluation of the gamma interferon test for detecting bovine tuberculosis in cattle 8 to 28 days after tuberculin skin testing[J]. Res Vet Sci, 2000, 69(1): 57-61.
[25] Amadori M, Lyashchenko KP, Gennaro ML, et a1. Use of recombinant proteins in antibody tests for bovine tuberculosis[J]. Vet Microbiol, 2002, 85(4): 379-389.
[26] 刘增再,彭运潮,胡述光,等. 牛结核病诊断研究进展[J]. 动物医学进展, 2005, 26(5): 13-16.
[27] 唐神结.聚合酶链反应在结核病诊断中的应用[J].中华结核和呼吸杂志,1992,15(6):355. [28 何昭阳. 牛结核病研究进展[J]. 预防兽医学进展, 2001, 3(4): 34-39.
[29] 蔡宝祥. 家畜传染病学(第 4 版) [ M ]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2001: 110-114.
[30] Wedlock D N, Skinner M A, Lisle G W, et al. Review: Control of Mycobacterium bovis infections and the risk to human populations[J]. Microbes Infect, 2002, 4 (4): 471-480.
[31] 萧定汉.奶牛疾病监控[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1994.
[32] 白春黎. 牛结核病的诊断与防制[J]. 动物医学进展, 2006, 27 (10): 116-117.
[33] 张秀花,刘思国,王牟平.牛结核病[J].中国动物检疫,2004,21(12):39-41.
[34] 唐神结.母牛分支杆菌菌苗治疗结核病的研究[J].临床肺科杂志,1999,4(4):247-260.
[35] 韩 臻. 中国奶业消费市场的前景展望[J]. 产业经济, 2006, (8): 62-64.
[36] 金素玉,姬鸿甫. 简明动物检疫手册[M]. 西安: 天则出版社,1991: 204-205.
[37] 吴志强,陈廷耀. 牛型提纯结核菌素变态反应检测奶牛结核病的试验[J]. 广东畜牧兽医科技, 2002, (3): 39-40.
[38] 王桂枝,毕丁仁. 兽医防疫与检疫[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998: 135-137.
[39] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 2000 年第四次全国结核病流行病学抽样调查资料汇编[ C ]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2003.
[40] 王培军. 奶牛结核病检疫中的几点注意事项[J]. 畜牧与兽医, 2000, (2): 32.