静电喷雾对酶制剂影响的研究
|
摘要
本文在回顾当前国内外有关酶制剂应用进展和液体后添加工艺现状的基础上，结合电晕放电技术和静电喷雾技术，从提高酶制剂酶活和喷涂的均匀性首次提出了静电喷雾式液体酶制剂添加工艺，分别从理论和实验上论证了该工艺的可行性，并进行了一些初步试验研究。
论文以静电场对酶活的影响规律为出发点，相应的研究了饲料颗粒和液体酶制剂的电晕和感应荷电的规律，以及静电喷雾相对于普通喷雾酶活的影响和喷涂均匀性的规律。
通过试验表明，在静电场作用下，电场强度和作用时间的最佳条件分别是电场强度3kv／cm，作用时间40—50min。
试验表明，电晕荷电的饲料颗粒的荷质比与电场强度成正比，与饲料流量成反比，而感应荷电的酶制剂的荷质比与喷雾压力和喷头电压成正比。
试验表明，静电喷雾相对于普通喷雾，在酶制剂的酶活和喷涂的均匀性方面都得到了很大的提高。
In this paper, based on the review of the current development trend of Enzyme addition technology for animal compound feed, especially post-pellet liquid addition technology, and according to corona and electrostatic-spraying technology, a new post-pellet liquid addition technology named electrostatic-spraying post-pellet liquid addition technology with corona electrification to animal compound feed was put forward for the purpose of improving Enzyme uniformity on the surface of the pellet and effective using ratio of Enzyme, the feasibility of the technology was theoretically demonstrate and developed the correlative test-bed .
Firstly it is researched the rule of the quality of enzyme in static field .The rule of not only compound feed in corona electric field and enzyme in faradic field but also the enzyme active and uniformity on the surface of the pellet comparing with normal spraying and electrostatic spraying is researched..
The test shows that with 40-50min or 3kv/cm electric field strength, the enzyme is best.
The test shows that the ratio between electricity and weight of compound feed in corona electric field is consistent on the electric field strength and compared with the flux of feed, but the ratio between electricity and weight of enzyme in faradic field is consistent on both voltage and pressure of the sprayer.
As showed in the test, the electrostatic spraying is prior to the common spraying in the view of enzyme solution addition uniformity and active.
论文以静电场对酶活的影响规律为出发点，相应的研究了饲料颗粒和液体酶制剂的电晕和感应荷电的规律，以及静电喷雾相对于普通喷雾酶活的影响和喷涂均匀性的规律。
通过试验表明，在静电场作用下，电场强度和作用时间的最佳条件分别是电场强度3kv／cm，作用时间40—50min。
试验表明，电晕荷电的饲料颗粒的荷质比与电场强度成正比，与饲料流量成反比，而感应荷电的酶制剂的荷质比与喷雾压力和喷头电压成正比。
试验表明，静电喷雾相对于普通喷雾，在酶制剂的酶活和喷涂的均匀性方面都得到了很大的提高。
In this paper, based on the review of the current development trend of Enzyme addition technology for animal compound feed, especially post-pellet liquid addition technology, and according to corona and electrostatic-spraying technology, a new post-pellet liquid addition technology named electrostatic-spraying post-pellet liquid addition technology with corona electrification to animal compound feed was put forward for the purpose of improving Enzyme uniformity on the surface of the pellet and effective using ratio of Enzyme, the feasibility of the technology was theoretically demonstrate and developed the correlative test-bed .
Firstly it is researched the rule of the quality of enzyme in static field .The rule of not only compound feed in corona electric field and enzyme in faradic field but also the enzyme active and uniformity on the surface of the pellet comparing with normal spraying and electrostatic spraying is researched..
The test shows that with 40-50min or 3kv/cm electric field strength, the enzyme is best.
The test shows that the ratio between electricity and weight of compound feed in corona electric field is consistent on the electric field strength and compared with the flux of feed, but the ratio between electricity and weight of enzyme in faradic field is consistent on both voltage and pressure of the sprayer.
As showed in the test, the electrostatic spraying is prior to the common spraying in the view of enzyme solution addition uniformity and active.
引文
1 Classen et al. Feed stuffs,1991,63:4
2 White et al. Poult.Sci., 1981,60:1043-1048
3 Choct. et al. Journal of Nutrition,1992,67;123-132.
4 Choct et al. Poult. Sci., 1992,33:821-834
5 Brences et al. Poult.Sci., 1993,72:1731-1739
6 Brences et al. Poult.Sci., 1993,72:2281-2293
7 Hadden et al. Poultry International, 1995,2:42-43
8 Mingan et al. J. Anim. Sci., 1996, 75:551-555
9 Simons P C M, et al. Improvement of phosphorus availability by microbial phytase in broilers and pigs. British. J. Nutrition. 1990, 4:525
10 Hesselman et al. Poult. Sci., 1981, 60:2664-2676
11 万明春 饲用酶制剂的研究与应用．江西农业学报，2001，13(3)：43-49
12 单安山 植酸酶在猪饲料中的应用．养猪，1997，(4)：4-8
13 汪儆等 中国饲料 1997(3)：17-19
14 李孝辉 饲用微生物酶制剂及其研究应用概况 饲料工业，2001，22(1)：40-43
15 汪儆 我国饲用酶制剂 中国家禽，2003，23(16)：35-37
16 郭利川等 复合酶制剂在蛋鸡配合饲料中的应用 中国饲料 1994(3)：32—33
17 赵德英等 酶制剂在蛋鸡小麦型日粮中的应用中 国家禽 2001，23(24)：15
18 钟国才 复合消化酶对蛋鸭产蛋性能的影响 粮食与饲料工业 1996(3)：24—25
19 安登第．颗粒饲料酶制剂添加工艺．饲料工业，1999，V20(6)
20 吴德胜．液体喷涂技术．饲料广角，2001(9)，22-23 [9]
21 史文超，金征宇．膨化饲料中热敏性物质的后添加工艺．中国饲料，2000(8)
22 Dick Ziggers, Liquid enzymes take over when pellet quality is important, Feed Tech 1999, V3(2)
23 Super conditioning and downstream options, Feed International, 1998 (8)
24 Field Services Group*,ChemGen Corp.,Gaithersburg,Maryland, Installation of fully integrated post-pelleting enzyme addition system, Feed Tech, 1999, V3(7)
25 Practical approach: Using fat to apply enzymes to pellets or crumbles, Feed International, 1999 (6)
26 Peter Best, Clayton Gill, Fit for phytase post-pelleting micro liquid application in Britain, Feed International, 1999 (9)
27 Clayton Gill·New commercial application: Vacumm liquid coating for pressed pellets, Feed International, 2000(8)
28 陈庄、吴维辉、廖玲·产植酸酶真菌的初步筛选·〈广东畜牧兽医科技〉2000年第25卷第1期
29 Alexj., Schlkopf B.. A tutorial on support vector regression. 1998, 10: 3～5
30 Cortes C, Vapnik V N.. Support vector networks. Machine Learning, 1995, 20(3): 273～297
31 Vapnik V N.. The nature of statistical learning theory. NY: Springer-Verlag, 1995
32 罗宏昌，毕载俊，伍学正．静电实用技术手册．上海：科学普及出版社，1990
33 吴为磷．浙江大学．电除尘技术新方向——脉冲荷电除尘．环境污染与防治，1992
34 师华．静电除尘装置中粉尘粒子的荷电性质和力学行为．静电，1994，1
35 王万基．谢适萍．微细粒子的静电凝集．静电季刊，10(3)
36 谢广润．高压静电场(增订版)．上海科学技术出版社，1987，5
37 蔡圣善．电动力学．复旦大学出版社，1985
38 D.M.TYLOR, P.E.SECKER, Industrial electrostatics:fundermentals and measurements
39 杨金龙．湿式静电除尘器的研究：[硕士学位论文]北京科技大学，1999
40 劳动保护研究所网上资料·www.esd-china.com
41 刘保垣等·复合式静电感应电极水雾喷头的研究·〈东北师大学报自然科学版〉1996年 No．2
42 金晗辉、王军锋、王泽、罗惕乾·静电喷雾研究与应用综述·〈江苏理工大学学报〉Vol．20 No．3 May 1999
43 王荣 植保机械
44 高良润、冼福生·静电喷雾理论及其测试技术的研究·植保机械学术讨论会 1986，12
45 周文俊·荷电水雾除尘机理和规律的研究·武汉水利电力学院 博士论文
46 周文俊、刘开培·两种喷雾荷电方法的机理与试验研究·〈华中理工大学学报〉Vol．21 No．2 Apr．1993
47 冯光炷、谢文磊、张建萍·饲料用植酸酶制剂·〈粮食与饲料工业〉1999年第4期
48 Clayton Gill,keeping enzyme dosing simple,Feed International,1999,20(10):35
49 A.Jaworek,A.Krupa, Crona discharge in multipoint-to-plane geometry, Electrostatics 1995
50 Koen Schwarzer·High-Temperature processed feed has many enemies·〈Feed Tech〉 1999 3(5);
51 严璋，朱德恒．高电压绝缘技术，中国电力出版社，2002，3
52 李俊、李业波、杨俊成、毛志怀·饲料中液体的添加技术·〈粮食与饲料工业〉2000(9)：
53 管义夫主编．静电手册．翻译组译．静电手册．北京：科学出版社，1981
54 宋强华·饲用酶制剂及其应用·〈粮食与饲料工业〉1992(3)；
55 闻建龙、王军峰、陈松山、王泽、罗惕乾·荷电改善喷雾均匀性的实验研究·〈排灌机械〉第13卷第5期(2000年9月)
56 French,Q.C.1942,Spraying equipment for pest control,Cal.Ag.Exp.st.Bul.666
57 Akesson,N.B.1952,Recent investigations of spraying accessories.Proc.4th Ann Cal.Weed Conf.,58～64
58 Brodkey, R..S.,The phenomena of Fluid Motions,Chap.17,Addison Wesley, Reading,1967
59 Peskin,R.L. and Raco,R.J., Ultrasonic atomization of liquids,Jour.Acoust.Soc.Am., 35,1963, 1378～1381
60 W.D.cowan,The stability of enzymes in animal feeds,Feed International,1993,44(5):22-25
61 M.B.coelho,comparison with pelleting and extrusion:Vitamins stability in expanders. 1994.45(8): 10-15
62 华绍烽，杜建中，伏慧明．饲料添加剂的应用进展—酶与汰的应用．饲料与畜牧，2000(2)
63 郑加强．风送静电喷雾研究及其在灭蝗虫中的应用：[博士学位论文]．江苏：江苏工学院，1992，7
2 White et al. Poult.Sci., 1981,60:1043-1048
3 Choct. et al. Journal of Nutrition,1992,67;123-132.
4 Choct et al. Poult. Sci., 1992,33:821-834
5 Brences et al. Poult.Sci., 1993,72:1731-1739
6 Brences et al. Poult.Sci., 1993,72:2281-2293
7 Hadden et al. Poultry International, 1995,2:42-43
8 Mingan et al. J. Anim. Sci., 1996, 75:551-555
9 Simons P C M, et al. Improvement of phosphorus availability by microbial phytase in broilers and pigs. British. J. Nutrition. 1990, 4:525
10 Hesselman et al. Poult. Sci., 1981, 60:2664-2676
11 万明春 饲用酶制剂的研究与应用．江西农业学报，2001，13(3)：43-49
12 单安山 植酸酶在猪饲料中的应用．养猪，1997，(4)：4-8
13 汪儆等 中国饲料 1997(3)：17-19
14 李孝辉 饲用微生物酶制剂及其研究应用概况 饲料工业，2001，22(1)：40-43
15 汪儆 我国饲用酶制剂 中国家禽，2003，23(16)：35-37
16 郭利川等 复合酶制剂在蛋鸡配合饲料中的应用 中国饲料 1994(3)：32—33
17 赵德英等 酶制剂在蛋鸡小麦型日粮中的应用中 国家禽 2001，23(24)：15
18 钟国才 复合消化酶对蛋鸭产蛋性能的影响 粮食与饲料工业 1996(3)：24—25
19 安登第．颗粒饲料酶制剂添加工艺．饲料工业，1999，V20(6)
20 吴德胜．液体喷涂技术．饲料广角，2001(9)，22-23 [9]
21 史文超，金征宇．膨化饲料中热敏性物质的后添加工艺．中国饲料，2000(8)
22 Dick Ziggers, Liquid enzymes take over when pellet quality is important, Feed Tech 1999, V3(2)
23 Super conditioning and downstream options, Feed International, 1998 (8)
24 Field Services Group*,ChemGen Corp.,Gaithersburg,Maryland, Installation of fully integrated post-pelleting enzyme addition system, Feed Tech, 1999, V3(7)
25 Practical approach: Using fat to apply enzymes to pellets or crumbles, Feed International, 1999 (6)
26 Peter Best, Clayton Gill, Fit for phytase post-pelleting micro liquid application in Britain, Feed International, 1999 (9)
27 Clayton Gill·New commercial application: Vacumm liquid coating for pressed pellets, Feed International, 2000(8)
28 陈庄、吴维辉、廖玲·产植酸酶真菌的初步筛选·〈广东畜牧兽医科技〉2000年第25卷第1期
29 Alexj., Schlkopf B.. A tutorial on support vector regression. 1998, 10: 3～5
30 Cortes C, Vapnik V N.. Support vector networks. Machine Learning, 1995, 20(3): 273～297
31 Vapnik V N.. The nature of statistical learning theory. NY: Springer-Verlag, 1995
32 罗宏昌，毕载俊，伍学正．静电实用技术手册．上海：科学普及出版社，1990
33 吴为磷．浙江大学．电除尘技术新方向——脉冲荷电除尘．环境污染与防治，1992
34 师华．静电除尘装置中粉尘粒子的荷电性质和力学行为．静电，1994，1
35 王万基．谢适萍．微细粒子的静电凝集．静电季刊，10(3)
36 谢广润．高压静电场(增订版)．上海科学技术出版社，1987，5
37 蔡圣善．电动力学．复旦大学出版社，1985
38 D.M.TYLOR, P.E.SECKER, Industrial electrostatics:fundermentals and measurements
39 杨金龙．湿式静电除尘器的研究：[硕士学位论文]北京科技大学，1999
40 劳动保护研究所网上资料·www.esd-china.com
41 刘保垣等·复合式静电感应电极水雾喷头的研究·〈东北师大学报自然科学版〉1996年 No．2
42 金晗辉、王军锋、王泽、罗惕乾·静电喷雾研究与应用综述·〈江苏理工大学学报〉Vol．20 No．3 May 1999
43 王荣 植保机械
44 高良润、冼福生·静电喷雾理论及其测试技术的研究·植保机械学术讨论会 1986，12
45 周文俊·荷电水雾除尘机理和规律的研究·武汉水利电力学院 博士论文
46 周文俊、刘开培·两种喷雾荷电方法的机理与试验研究·〈华中理工大学学报〉Vol．21 No．2 Apr．1993
47 冯光炷、谢文磊、张建萍·饲料用植酸酶制剂·〈粮食与饲料工业〉1999年第4期
48 Clayton Gill,keeping enzyme dosing simple,Feed International,1999,20(10):35
49 A.Jaworek,A.Krupa, Crona discharge in multipoint-to-plane geometry, Electrostatics 1995
50 Koen Schwarzer·High-Temperature processed feed has many enemies·〈Feed Tech〉 1999 3(5);
51 严璋，朱德恒．高电压绝缘技术，中国电力出版社，2002，3
52 李俊、李业波、杨俊成、毛志怀·饲料中液体的添加技术·〈粮食与饲料工业〉2000(9)：
53 管义夫主编．静电手册．翻译组译．静电手册．北京：科学出版社，1981
54 宋强华·饲用酶制剂及其应用·〈粮食与饲料工业〉1992(3)；
55 闻建龙、王军峰、陈松山、王泽、罗惕乾·荷电改善喷雾均匀性的实验研究·〈排灌机械〉第13卷第5期(2000年9月)
56 French,Q.C.1942,Spraying equipment for pest control,Cal.Ag.Exp.st.Bul.666
57 Akesson,N.B.1952,Recent investigations of spraying accessories.Proc.4th Ann Cal.Weed Conf.,58～64
58 Brodkey, R..S.,The phenomena of Fluid Motions,Chap.17,Addison Wesley, Reading,1967
59 Peskin,R.L. and Raco,R.J., Ultrasonic atomization of liquids,Jour.Acoust.Soc.Am., 35,1963, 1378～1381
60 W.D.cowan,The stability of enzymes in animal feeds,Feed International,1993,44(5):22-25
61 M.B.coelho,comparison with pelleting and extrusion:Vitamins stability in expanders. 1994.45(8): 10-15
62 华绍烽，杜建中，伏慧明．饲料添加剂的应用进展—酶与汰的应用．饲料与畜牧，2000(2)
63 郑加强．风送静电喷雾研究及其在灭蝗虫中的应用：[博士学位论文]．江苏：江苏工学院，1992，7