高流量负荷下生物法净化低浓度甲苯废气的性能研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
生物法废气净化技术研究是当前工业废气净化技术研究领域中的前沿热点课题之一。本研究以甲苯废气作为研究对象,对高流量负荷下生物膜填料塔处理低浓度甲苯废气的生物净化性能以及相关的动力学模式验证进行研究,主要研究内容与结果如下:
     (1)在高流量负荷下,采用直接通气循环挂膜法制作的生物膜填料塔适用于净化处理高流量负荷的低浓度甲苯废气。
     (2)气体流量、入口气体甲苯浓度、温度等因素对甲苯的净化效率有较大的影响。当操作温度在19-25℃、气体流量在0.8m~3/h、进口浓度为105mg/m~3时,甲苯的净化效率可达到61.90%。这表明在适宜的操作条件下,生物膜填料塔能在高流量负荷下有效地净化低浓度甲苯废气,出口气体甲苯浓度低于国家大气污染物综合排放标准(GB16297-1996)中对现有企业甲苯的排放限值(≤60mg/m~3)。
     (3)动力学模式验证研究表明,课题组前期建立的“吸附-生物膜”理论的动力学模式对高流量负荷下生物膜填料塔净化处理低浓度甲苯废气也同样具有很好的适用性。利用该动力学模式对甲苯净化效率、出口气体甲苯浓度以及甲苯生化去除量的模拟计算值和实验值之间均有很好的拟合性(R>0.97),因此可以在实际工作中利用该动力学模式来描述在高流量负荷下生物膜填料塔对低浓度甲苯废气的生物净化处理过程,并对影响因素进行模拟研究。
     以上关于高流量负荷下生物膜填料塔的净化性能研究,将会在减小生物法废气净化工业装置体积、节省设备投资和减轻相关企业低浓度挥发性有机废气治理的经济负担等方面发挥重要的指导作用。
The biopurification technology is one of the advanced and interested technologies in research work to purify industrial off-gases in the world. This thesis was mainly concerned on the biopurification performance of toluene in low concentration under the high inflow loading and relative kinetic calculation model of Adsorption-Biofilm Theory verified by using a biotrickling filter. The main results were shown as follows:
    (1) Under the high inflow loading, the light-weight ceramic lump was packed into a biotrickling filter and ventilated directly after vaccination. The results showed that the biotrickling filter is the suitability to purify off-gases containing toluene in low concentrations with high inflow loading.
    (2) Gas inflpw volume, inlet concentration and temperature had the remarkable effect to the purification efficiency of toluene. When the operation temperature was 19-25℃, gas inflow volume was 0.8m3/h and the concentration of toluene in influent gas was 105mg/m3, the purification efficiency of toluene in off-gases could reach at 61.90%. The experimental results showed that under the suitable operational condition, the biotrickling filter is proved to be highly efficient in biodegradation of toluene in low concentration under the high inflow loading. The effluent gas can meet the National Standard GB16297- 1996, in which the concentration of toluene in effluent gas is lower than 60 mg/m3.
    (3) With the experimental data got from the biotrickling filter used in this study, the kinetic calculation model mentioned above was verified. According to the kinetic calculation model, the purification efficiency of toluene in off-gases, the concentration of toluene in effluent gas, and the biological elimination of toluene were calculated respectively. A good suitability of the kinetic model for the biodegradation process of toluene in low concentration under the high inflow loading was verified. The verified results showed that the calculated data of kinetic model were close to the experimental data (correlation coefficients R>0.97). Therefore, the new Adsorption-Biofllm Theory and its kinetic model can be used in the simulation research for the practical process of biopurifying off-gases containing toluene in low concentration under the high inflow loading.
    The research project gives play to the important guidance role in the many aspects, such as reducing the industry device volume, economizing installation cost, and lightening the financial burden of correlation enterprise.
引文
[1] 孙珮石.生物化学法净化低浓度有机废气研究;博士学位论文.昆明:昆明理工大学,1999
    [2] 韩瑜.谁来关注制鞋业个人的身体健康.环境导报,1993
    [3] 田森林,宁平.有机废气治理技术及其新进展.环境科学动态,2000,(1):23-28
    [4] 李志松,蔡复礼.工业废水处理装置中的废气治理技术.环境科学研究,1998,11(2):51-55
    [5] 沈迪新,胡成南.挥发性有机化合物污染的净化技术.中国环保产业,2000,(12):33-35
    [6] 蒋芝君,王鹏,翟杰,等.恶臭的生物处理技术.微生物通报,2003,30(2):70-73
    [7] 孙珮石,杨显万,谢蕴国.等.生物法净化低浓度有机废气的动力学问题探讨.环境科学学报,1999,19(2):153-158
    [8] 黄晓东,张晓兰.有机废气的生物膜处理技术.化工环保,1996,16(1):19-22
    [9] 金耀民,陈建孟.生物过滤技术在大气污染控制中的应用.环境污染治理技术与设备,2001,2(3):76-80
    [10] 孙珮石.生物化学法净化低浓度工业废气的工业应用实验研究报告.昆明理工大学,1999,9
    [11] 李琳,刘俊新.挥发性有机污染物与恶臭地生物处理技术及其工艺选择.环境污染治理技术与设备,2001,2(5):41-47
    [12] H Brauer, G Varma. Air pollution control equipment. New York: Berlin Heidilberg, 1981
    [13] Gero leson, Arthur M Wirier. Biofiltration: an innovative air pollution control technology for VOC emissions. Air & Waste Management Association, 1991, 41(8):1045-1053
    [14] Nagaharu Okuno.开发生物除臭反应装置处理污水厂的废气.见:给水与废水处理国际会议论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
    [15] 黄兵,李晓梅,孙珮石,等.生物膜填料塔净化低浓度硫化氢恶臭气体研究.环境科学与技术,1999,(4):17-21
    [16] 陶有胜.微生物在空气污染控制中的应用.环境科学动态,1995,(3):9-12
    [17] G Samdam. Microbes nosh on NO_x in flueges. Chemical Engineering, 1993,
    
    100(10):25-26
    [18] F Alder Stephen. Biofiltration a primer. Chemical Engineering Process, 2001, 97(4):33-41
    [19] 马红,李国建.固定化微生物处理含氨恶臭的研究.中国环境科学,1995,15(4):302-305
    [20] 孙珮石,杨显万,黄若华,等.生物膜填料塔对低浓度甲苯废气的净化性能研究.环境污染与防治,1997,19(3):8-11
    [21] 麦穗海,李菊,白海梅,等.生物填料塔脱除H_2S的现场试验.中国给水排水,2002,18(2):49-52
    [22] 李国文,胡洪营,郝吉明,等.挥发性有机废气(VOCs)的污染控制技术.西安建筑科技大学学报,1998,4(30):399-402
    [23] Ottengraf S P P, Oever V D. Kinetics of organic compound removal from waste gases with a biological filter. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 1983, 25(5):3089-3102
    [24] 孙珮石,杨显万,黄若华,等.生物法净化废气中低浓度挥发性有机物的过程机理研究.中国环境科学,1997,17(6):545-549
    [25] 陆军.苯系化合物好氧降解菌的驯化和筛选.环境科学,1996,17(6):1-4
    [26] Darlington Alan B, Dat James F, Dixon, Michael A. Biofiltration of indoor air:air flux and temperature influences the removal of toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylene. Environmental Science & Technology, 2001, 35:240-246
    [27] J Luo. A pilot-scale study on biofilters for controlling animal rendering process odours. Water Science and Technology, 2001, 44(9):277-285
    [28] H Elmrini, F Kerdouss, H Jorio, et al. Biofiltration of air.contaminated with toluene. Environmental Technology, 2001, 22:927-940
    [29] 孙珮石,黄若华.甲苯液相生化降解实验研究.云南化工.1995.(2):10-12
    [30] H H J Cox, R E Moerman, S van Baalen, et al. Performance of a styrene-degrading biofilter containing the yeast Exophiala jeanselmei. Biotechnology and Bioendineering, 1997, 53(3):259-266
    [31] J S Yadav, C A Reddy. Degradation of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylenes(BTEX) by the lignindegrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete
    
    chrysosporium. Application of Environmental microbiology , 1993 , 59(3):756-762
    [32] E I Garcia-Pena, S Hernandez, E Favela-Torres, et al. Toluene biofiltration by the fungus Scedosportum aptospermum TB1. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2001, 76(1):61-69
    [33] J R Woertz, K A Kinney, N D P Mclntosh, et al. Removal of toluene in a vapor-phase bioreactor containing a strain of the dimorphic black yeast Exophiala lecanii-corni. Biotechnology and Bioengineering , 2001 , 75(5):550-558
    [34] 孙珮石,黄兵,黄若华,等.生物法废气净化专用微生物菌种及其作用.中国环境科学,2002,22(1):28-31
    [35] 金相灿.有机化合物污染化学-有毒有机物污染化学.清华大学出版社,1990:55-159
    [36] 汪印,史长东,鲁树成,等.有机废气生物处理进展.吉林化工学院学报,2001,18(2):73-76
    [37] 姜安玺,王晓辉,杨义飞,等.生物处理硫系恶臭气体的现状及展望.哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2001,34(1):45-48
    [38] 张永奎,王安,钟本和,等.微生物处理含SO_2气体的试验研究.环境工程,2001,19(5):30-32
    [39] 何品晶,邵立明.硫化物恶臭气体的生物处理机理与应用.上海环境科学,1998,17(6):12-16
    [40] Kanagawa T, Mikami E. Removal of methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide and hydrogen sulfide from contaminaredair by T.thioparus TK-m. Application of environmental microbiology, 1989, 55(3):555-558
    [41] 瞿福平,张晓健,吕昕,等.氯代芳香化合物的生物降解性研究进展.环境科学.1997,18(2):75-78
    [42] 李甲亮,郑平,徐向阳.氯代芳香族化合物的生物降解性能.环境污染与防治,1998,20(2):25-30
    [43] 王家德,陈建孟,庄利.生物滴滤池处理二氯甲烷废气研究.中国环境科学,2002,22(3):214-217
    [44] 毕列锋,李旭东.微生物法净化含NOx废气.环境工程,1998,16(6):37-39
    
    
    [45] 蒋文举,毕列锋,李旭东,生物法废气脱硝研究.环境科学,1999,20(5):34-37
    [46] G Samdam. Microbes nosh on NO_x in flueges. Chemical Engineering, 1993, 100(10):25-26
    [47] 徐亚同.废水反硝化除氮.上海环境科学,1994,13(10):8-12
    [48] Woertz J, Kinney K, Mcintosh N. Removal of nitric oxide in a fungal vapor-phase bioreactor. Air & Waste Management Association, presentation at the 92nd Annual Meeting & Exhibition, St. Louis, Missouri, June 20-24, 1998
    [49] 樊凌雯,冯安吉.应用生物技术净化硝酸尾气小试.应用与环境生物学报,1999,5:61-63
    [50] 王士盛.土壤空气净化系统.环境保护,2001,279(3):14-16
    [51] 杨萍.生物法净化挥发性有机废气动力学及过程模拟研究:硕士学位论文.昆明:昆明理工大学,2001
    [52] 李晓梅.生物化学法净化低浓度甲苯废气的应用基础研究:硕士学位论文.昆明:昆明理工大学,1997
    [53] 魏在山.生物膜填料塔净化低浓度甲苯废气的工业应用研究;硕士学位论文.昆明:昆明理工大学,2000
    [54] 陆继来.生物法净化再生胶脱硫废气的工业应用研究:硕士学位论文.昆明;昆明理工大学.2003
    [55] 孙珮石,黄兵,黄若华,等.生物膜填料塔净化工业废气用填料的研究.化工环保,2002,22(4):195-198
    [56] 魏在山,孙珮石,黄若华,等.生物法处理低浓度有机废气的填料选择研究.重庆环境科学,2001,23(2):40-45
    [57] 时钧主编.化学工程手册(第二版,上卷).北京:化工出版社,1996
    [58] 刘雨,赵庆良,郑兴灿.生物膜法污水处理技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000
    [59] 尚巍,王启山,石磊,等.生物滤池处理VOCs的挂膜启动方法研究.城市环境与城市生态,2002,15(2):41-43
    [60] 李章良,孙珮石.生物膜填料塔处理高流量负荷下低浓度甲苯废气的初探.环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(5)
    [61] 李章良,孙珮石.生物法净化处理高流量负荷下低浓度甲苯废气初探.贵州环保科技,2003,9(3):1-5
    
    
    [62] 邹华生,陈焕钦.生物填料塔降解低浓度苯废气传质—反应特征(一).广东化工,2000,(2):17-20
    [63] 陈建孟,王家德,庄利,等.生物滴滤池净化二氯甲烷废气的实验研究.环境科学,2002.23(4):8-12
    [64] 王玉亭,郭兵兵.曾向东.泥炭生物过滤器脱除复合恶臭气中的H_2S.石油炼制与化工,2001,32(4):52-55
    [65] 王德民,赵一先,修光利,等.生物法处理丙烯腈废气的初步研究.环境科学,2000,21(2):74-76
    [66] 刘强,马广大,贾立岩,等.生物滴滤床净化二甲苯废气的性能研究.环境科学研究,2002,15(6):35-38
    [67] 王德民,张大年.污水处理系统恶臭气体的产生及微生物法处理(下).上海化工,2001,26(13):4-6
    [68] 王德民,赵一先,李定邦.生物滴滤池法处理废气动力学模式研究.上海环境科学,1999,18(7):309-311
    [69] 廖强,陈蓉,朱恂.生物膜填料床内废气净化的理论模型.重庆环境科学,2002,24(2):76-80
    [70] Joseph S.Devinny, Marc A.Deshusses, Todd S.Webster. Biofiltration for air pollution control. Lewis publishers, 1999
    [71] 孙珮石,黄兵,黄若华,等.生物法净化挥发性有机废气的吸附-生物膜理论模型与模拟研究.环境科学,2002,23(3):14-17
    [72] 李章良,孙珮石.高流量负荷下甲苯废气生物净化过程的动力学模拟研究.环境技术,2004,(3)
    [73] 孙珮石,杨显万,黄若华,等.生物法净化低浓度甲苯废气装置及其操作特性.化工学报,1998,49(3):316-321
    [74] 江萍.胡九成.国产轻质球型陶粒用于曝气生物滤池的研究.环境科学学报,2002,22(4):459-464
    [75] 王正鹏.低浓度挥发性有机废气生物法净化的研究:硕士学位论文.武汉:武汉理工大学,2002,1
    [76] 余滏申.生物接触氧化法处理废水技术.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990
    [77] 魏在山,孙珮石,黄若华.新型生物轻质陶块填料塔净化低浓度有机废气的试验研究.中国环境检测,2001,17(6):21-22
    
    
    [78] 刘雨,赵庆良,郑兴灿.生物膜法污水处理技术.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2000,34-48

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700