初中生物教师职业倦怠的负面影响及预防对策
摘要
“职业倦怠”这一概念最早在1974年由美国人费登伯格(Freudenberger)提出,是一个受人关注的研究课题,用以描述个体由于长期的工作压力得不到有效缓解而产生的心理、生理上的疲惫,工作能力下降,工作热情丧失,对他人日益冷漠,工作成就感低等一系列负性症状。职业倦怠主要体现在情感衰竭、去个性化、低成就感三个纬度。
国内外越来越多的研究资料表明,教师职业一直是承受压力最大的职业之一。教师的职业倦怠会对学生、教师、学校教学工作产生严重的影响,因此对教师职业倦怠的研究意义重大。
本研究将站在前人研究的基础上,综合运用文献检索法、问卷调查法、访谈法、案例研究法等方法,对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状、影响因素、负面影响、预防对策进行深入的调查分析和研究。
全文共分为四个部分。
第一部分,研究的背景和意义。概述了职业倦怠提出的背景,描述并分析了我国教师职业倦怠的的现状,阐述了本研究的理论价值与实践价值。
第二部分,关于职业倦怠的理论探讨。首先对职业倦怠的概念进行界定,并对职业倦怠的相关理论模式、主要观点和测量方法进行梳理。
第三部分,石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠状况的调查分析。本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象,运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查,调查结果发现,石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠,情感枯竭程度偏高,成就感偏低,去个性化程度最为严重。本文在调查和访谈的基础上对于造成这一现状的原因进行了深层分析。
第四部分,初中生物教师职业倦怠负面影响的三维度分析。首先在访谈的基础上,运用案例分析的方法从三个纬度对初中生物教师职业倦怠的负面影响进行了分析。分析结果显示,初中生物教师职业倦怠对教师身心、教师职业生涯、学校教学工作和学生都会产生很大的负面影响。
第五部分,消除和预防初中生物教师职业倦怠的对策。为了消除和预防职业倦怠所产生的负面影响,本文又从社会、学校、教师自身三个层面提出调控外部大环境中的不利因素、调控学校环境中的不利因素、增强教师适应环境的能力等预防对策。
The notion of“burnout”was advocated in 1974 by Freudenberg in America, which was used to describe the people who are tired both in psychomethy and physiology under the pressure from work, lower successfulness, reduced feeling but could not relax. The key stymptoms of the“burnout”are emotion burnout, despersonality and low personal feeling of achievements.
The study materials both home and abroad stute that the“burnout”is one of the jobs which undertakes highest pressure. The“burnout”of teachers take a serious effect on students, teachers, school teaching, so it’s meaningful to study this subject.
This study will stand on the foundation of former people with the use of ask and answer ways, cases studying ways which will focus on“burnout”, counter effect, and the countermeasures.
They are four parts in all.
First part, the background and meaning of study. It summaries the studying background of“burnout”, describes and analyses the recent conditions of“burnout”of teachers, expatiates the theoretical and practical worthiness.
Second part, the theoretical discussion on“burnout”. First, give the definition“burnout”and make it clearly about the related theory patterns, main ideas and the measuring ways.
Third part , the research theory on“burnout”of biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang city. This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the“burnout”, lower successfulness, individualize. This essay gives a deep analysis on the reason for recent conditions of teaching.
Forth part, the Side- effect of“burnout”in middle school biology teachers. First of all, on the basis of interview, with the help of case analyzing , we have analyzed the counter effect on“burnout”will have a big Side- effects, on teachers , teaching career, students.
Fifth part, elimination and prevention measures on middle school biology teachers , in order to eliminate and prevent the counter effects of“burnout”, this essay advances the preventional measures of outer environment controlling , teachers’ability of environment adapting strengthening , from society, school, teachers.
国内外越来越多的研究资料表明,教师职业一直是承受压力最大的职业之一。教师的职业倦怠会对学生、教师、学校教学工作产生严重的影响,因此对教师职业倦怠的研究意义重大。
本研究将站在前人研究的基础上,综合运用文献检索法、问卷调查法、访谈法、案例研究法等方法,对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状、影响因素、负面影响、预防对策进行深入的调查分析和研究。
全文共分为四个部分。
第一部分,研究的背景和意义。概述了职业倦怠提出的背景,描述并分析了我国教师职业倦怠的的现状,阐述了本研究的理论价值与实践价值。
第二部分,关于职业倦怠的理论探讨。首先对职业倦怠的概念进行界定,并对职业倦怠的相关理论模式、主要观点和测量方法进行梳理。
第三部分,石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠状况的调查分析。本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象,运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查,调查结果发现,石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠,情感枯竭程度偏高,成就感偏低,去个性化程度最为严重。本文在调查和访谈的基础上对于造成这一现状的原因进行了深层分析。
第四部分,初中生物教师职业倦怠负面影响的三维度分析。首先在访谈的基础上,运用案例分析的方法从三个纬度对初中生物教师职业倦怠的负面影响进行了分析。分析结果显示,初中生物教师职业倦怠对教师身心、教师职业生涯、学校教学工作和学生都会产生很大的负面影响。
第五部分,消除和预防初中生物教师职业倦怠的对策。为了消除和预防职业倦怠所产生的负面影响,本文又从社会、学校、教师自身三个层面提出调控外部大环境中的不利因素、调控学校环境中的不利因素、增强教师适应环境的能力等预防对策。
The notion of“burnout”was advocated in 1974 by Freudenberg in America, which was used to describe the people who are tired both in psychomethy and physiology under the pressure from work, lower successfulness, reduced feeling but could not relax. The key stymptoms of the“burnout”are emotion burnout, despersonality and low personal feeling of achievements.
The study materials both home and abroad stute that the“burnout”is one of the jobs which undertakes highest pressure. The“burnout”of teachers take a serious effect on students, teachers, school teaching, so it’s meaningful to study this subject.
This study will stand on the foundation of former people with the use of ask and answer ways, cases studying ways which will focus on“burnout”, counter effect, and the countermeasures.
They are four parts in all.
First part, the background and meaning of study. It summaries the studying background of“burnout”, describes and analyses the recent conditions of“burnout”of teachers, expatiates the theoretical and practical worthiness.
Second part, the theoretical discussion on“burnout”. First, give the definition“burnout”and make it clearly about the related theory patterns, main ideas and the measuring ways.
Third part , the research theory on“burnout”of biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang city. This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the“burnout”, lower successfulness, individualize. This essay gives a deep analysis on the reason for recent conditions of teaching.
Forth part, the Side- effect of“burnout”in middle school biology teachers. First of all, on the basis of interview, with the help of case analyzing , we have analyzed the counter effect on“burnout”will have a big Side- effects, on teachers , teaching career, students.
Fifth part, elimination and prevention measures on middle school biology teachers , in order to eliminate and prevent the counter effects of“burnout”, this essay advances the preventional measures of outer environment controlling , teachers’ability of environment adapting strengthening , from society, school, teachers.
引文
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