服务于林农的森林培育专家决策支持系统开发
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摘要
本文综述了国内外面向林农服务的信息系统研究现状,分析了专家系统和决策支持系统的技术,根据“十一五”科技支撑项目课题“速生丰产林生产经营过程信息化关键技术研究与应用(2006BAD10A03)"研建的“森林培育专家决策支持系统”试运行的反馈意见,参考了近几年面向农村的信息服务系统,对“森林培育专家决策支持系统”的功能进行重新整合和完善,实现系统升级。设计了森林培育专家决策支持系统的总体功能结构。研究了专家对话流程,设计了推理算法,实现了智能化的交互式提问流程；对图表类控件、林分生长模型、三维可视化技术与国内外树木结构可视化软件进行了综述,利用ZedGraph开源控件对材积收获曲线,年龄与树高曲线及年龄与胸径曲线进行了基于Web的展示,实现了林分空间分布格局二维示意图展示,同时对树木和林分三维可视化系统实现的目标、研究方法和功能进行了探讨,并给出了技术路线。对系统后台的知识库、数据库等管理系统的功能进行了需求分析,设计了后台管理系统的功能结构和管理数据库,开发了后台管理系统,实现了对前台各子系统数据分级动态管理。对系统的安全性能进行了研究。对ASP.NET提供的Forms、Windows、Passport三种身份验证方式进行了梳理,采用Forms身份验证实现了后台系统更新维护人员的系统身份验证；研究了DES加密技术,实现了系统连接数据库的接口方式的DES加密；研究了MD5加密技术,实现了用户口令通过MD5加密算法加密后存储；分析了系统用户,采用通过自定义的角色对系统的数据库进行访问,使用存储过程进行操作,有效地实现了数据库中的数据安全保护。
"Silviculture Expert Decision Support System (SEDSS)" comes from the National Eleventh Five-Year research in the subject of "The Research an Application of Key Technologies in the Production and Management Process of Fast-Growing and High-Yield Plantation". According to the foresters'feedback, the earlier version of the SEDSS must be upgraded based on massive research into the current situation of domestic and international information system for forester.The functions of Silviculture Expert Decision Support System is redesigned. This paper redesigns a reasoning algorithm and realizes the intelligentized interactive questions process based on research into the expert dialogue process. Besides, reviewed the chart controls, stand growth model,3D visualization technology and visualization software of tree structure. Volume-age curve, age-height curve, and age-BHD curve were drawn using the Open-source control ZedGraph based on web; structure of Stand property's and Spatial distribution pattern of two-dimensional schematic can also be shown under the research of Stand structure. At the meantime, we discussed the method and function and the technical routine in order to achieve the goal of building a system of stand tree visualization.Management System was built to facilitate the management and maintenance of the system. According to user requirements, the functions of management system were designed and developed. At the same time, a management data base was design to manage SEDSS dynamically.We also did some system's security research. Three main Authentications methods provided by ASP.NET were analyzed and use Forms method in this system. The system use DES to encrypt the interface between database and system, MD5method is used to encrypt user's password then store it in database. The system connects to database by creating a custom role and executing stored procedure. It's a effective way to realize the data in a database security protection.
"Silviculture Expert Decision Support System (SEDSS)" comes from the National Eleventh Five-Year research in the subject of "The Research an Application of Key Technologies in the Production and Management Process of Fast-Growing and High-Yield Plantation". According to the foresters'feedback, the earlier version of the SEDSS must be upgraded based on massive research into the current situation of domestic and international information system for forester.The functions of Silviculture Expert Decision Support System is redesigned. This paper redesigns a reasoning algorithm and realizes the intelligentized interactive questions process based on research into the expert dialogue process. Besides, reviewed the chart controls, stand growth model,3D visualization technology and visualization software of tree structure. Volume-age curve, age-height curve, and age-BHD curve were drawn using the Open-source control ZedGraph based on web; structure of Stand property's and Spatial distribution pattern of two-dimensional schematic can also be shown under the research of Stand structure. At the meantime, we discussed the method and function and the technical routine in order to achieve the goal of building a system of stand tree visualization.Management System was built to facilitate the management and maintenance of the system. According to user requirements, the functions of management system were designed and developed. At the same time, a management data base was design to manage SEDSS dynamically.We also did some system's security research. Three main Authentications methods provided by ASP.NET were analyzed and use Forms method in this system. The system use DES to encrypt the interface between database and system, MD5method is used to encrypt user's password then store it in database. The system connects to database by creating a custom role and executing stored procedure. It's a effective way to realize the data in a database security protection.
引文
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[2]陈立平,赵春江,刘学磬等.精确农业智能决策支持平台的设计与实现[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(2)：145-148.
[3]陈星,肖胜.福建省数字林业工程建设模式及应用研究[J].地球信息科学,2007,9(5)：1-7.
[4]冯仲科,熊妮娜,王佳等.北京市侧柏人工林全林分模型建立与研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(s1)：214-217.
[5]胡波,吴保国,陆道调.基于ASP_NET的造林专家系统[J].林业调查规划,2005,30(1)：20-23.
[6]浣成.广州市林业信息服务系统研究[D].长沙：中南林业科技大学,2009：3-8.
[7]江希钿.用主成分分析构造竞争指标并建立单木生长模型[J].福建林学院学报,1993,13(2)：129-133.
[8]江希钿,邱学清,黄健儿等.马尾松人工林单木生长模型的研究[J].华东森林经理,1992,6：19-21.
[9]金星姬,贾炜玮,李凤日.基于BP人工神经网络的兴安落叶松天然林全林分生长模型的研究[J].植物研究,2008,28(3)：370-374.
[10]李道亮,丁娟娟,傅泽田等.农业资源高效利用技术集成专家系统的设计[J].中国农业大学学报,1999,4(2)：14-18.
[11]李世明,李增元,陆元昌等.利用开源软件开发基于WebGIS的县级林业空间信息共享系统[J].林业科学,2006,42(7)：141-144.
[12]励龙昌.以潜能函数建立单木生长模型[J].东北林业大学学报,1990,18(4)：22-28.
[13]梁娟珠.面向服务的福建省林业信息服务系统架构的设计与实现[J].林业调查规划,2006,31(4)：126-130.
[14]刘峻明,朱德海,张晓东.基于Web服务技术实现林业空间信息发布服务[J].林业科学,2006,42(S1)：41-44.
[15]刘海,张怀清,林辉.森林经营可视化管理系统设计与实现[J].科技资讯,2010(17)：240-242.
[16]芦海涛,李凤日,贾炜玮.水曲柳单木生长模型的研究[J].森林工程,2011,27(3)：5-8.
[17]马小明,叶文虎.松毛虫综合管理信息系统[J].林业科学研究,1993,6(增刊)：28--32.
[18]孟宪宇.测树学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,1996：267-293.
[19]彭伟,张旭,于新文等.桉树项目决策支持系统中一种经济分析指数的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2010,32(2)：189-193.
[20]邱学清,江希钿,黄健儿等.杉木人工林竞争指数及单木生长模型的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1992,12(3)：309-316.
[21]邵国凡.红松人工林单木生长模型的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1985,13(3)：38-46.
[22]宋亚军.森林资源信息服务系统技术解决方案探讨与实践[D].北京：北京林业大学,2006：1-5.
[23]上官周平.农业专家系统及其应用[J].农业现代化研究,1994,15(5)：298-301.
[24]沈国舫.森林培育学[M].北京：中国林业出版社,2001：11-50.
[25]唐守正,李希菲,孟昭和.林分生长模型研究的进展[J].林业科学研究,1993,6(6)：672-679.
[26]田波,丁丽霞,周云轩等.多层分布式林业信息服务平台的构建[J].浙江林学院学报,2006,23(4)：429-434.
[27]吴保国,温亮宝.森林重大病虫害诊治专家咨询系统的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2006,28(6)：113-118.
[28]吴保国,丁全龙,胡波.基于Web的造林专家咨询系统研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(1)：85-89.
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