熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器制造理论与关键技术研究
|
摘要
目前军事和民用领域对高性能、低成本保偏光纤耦合器的需求越来越多,针对其制作中存在的速度慢、产量低、成品率低、器件性能一致性差和产品成本高的特点,对保偏光纤耦合器的熔融拉锥制造理论和关键技术进行研究。论文以自动化保偏光纤精密对轴技术、保偏光纤耦合器耦合机理、高性能保偏光纤耦合器制造设备、熔融拉锥工艺参数与耦合器性能相关规律等四个方面作为主要研究内容。论文主要工作如下:
1.基于透镜效应法侧视对轴技术,提出了一种利用与光纤方位角关系更敏感的特征量—五点特征值来实现匹配型保偏光纤自动定轴的方法。经过理论分析和仿真研究,并在自动对轴平台上进行实验验证,结果表明新的五点特征法具有更高的测量精度及分辨率,更易于实现偏振主轴的自动定位。
2.基于热-结构-电磁多物理场耦合有限元方法,分析了保偏光纤耦合器的传输特性和耦合系数在熔锥区的变化规律,从而求解耦合模方程,得到偏振光经过耦合器后的光功率分布,继而对保偏光纤耦合器的性能参数分光比、消光比及附加损耗进行理论分析。重点进行了以下三点研究:一是仿真分析了耦合器截面形状、双锥体锥度以及偏振主轴角度差对耦合器传输特性的影响;二是基于光波导模式耦合理论,推导出了适应于纤芯为圆形、偏振主轴非平行时保偏光纤耦合器的耦合系数计算公式;三是从保偏光纤在火焰中熔融拉伸的实际变形过程出发,通过数值计算分析了应力区形状、应力区折射率与包层折射率差以及偏振主轴角度差等因素对附加损耗的影响机理。
3.基于单模光纤耦合器熔融拉锥设备,建立了保偏光纤耦合器熔融拉锥平台。该平台利用自动对轴机构解决了保偏光纤耦合器制作的关键技术—自动对轴技术;利用中间靠近机构,使得光纤在对轴完成后能够紧紧靠在一起,使光纤的耦合和分光成为可能;利用主控计算机和步进电机对熔融拉锥机构进行精确控制,从而改善耦合器的锥形,减少了附加损耗;拉锥设备整体结构紧凑、使用方便、成本低,能够实现自动化的保偏光纤耦合器制作。
4.以保偏光纤耦合器的光学性能与制造过程工艺参数的相关规律为研究核心,以提升耦合器的高性能熔融拉锥制造技术为目的,进行大量的熔融拉锥实验,从而研究熔锥工艺参数对耦合器的性能影响规律,找到最佳工艺参数,实现耦合器的高性能制作。
At present, high performance and low cost Polarization-maintaining Fiber (PMF) couplers are demanded more extensively in the military and civil fields. There are many difficulties in the Fused-biconical Taper (FBT) fabrication process, such as the slow speed, low yield, poor rate of finished products, bad device consistency and high cost. The manufacturing theory of FBT approach and the key techniques are studied in this dissertation. The main research contents include the following four aspects: the precise auto-alignment technique of PMF, coupling theory of PMF couplers, high performance manufacturing equipment, and the relation between process parameters of fusion-elongation and the coupler's performance. The major research efforts include:
Based on the polarization observation by lens-effect-tracing technique (POL), a new method using five characteristic points, which are more sensitive to the azimuthal angle of PMF, is presented to complete the auto-alignment of Matching Refractive-index Panda Fibers. After theoretical analysis and computer simulations, experiments are conducted on the auto-alignment platform. The results indicate that the method achieves higher measurement accuracy and better resolution. It is easier to determine the angular position of the main birefringent axes of PMF.
The propagation properties and coupling coefficient in the fused-tapered zone of PMF couplers are analyzed according to Heat transfer-Structure mechanics-Electromagnetics multiphysics coupling fields. The coupling mode equation is solved and the power distribution of the linearly polarized light through the coupler is obtained. Then, the performance parameters such as coupling ratio, extinction ratio and excess loss are studied theoretically. The major research includes the following three points. First, using finite element method, the influence factors on propagation properties for PMF couplers are analyzed, including the shape of coupler cross-section, the taper of coupler bipyramidal and the angle deviation of the birefringent axes. Next, based on the coupling mode theory of optical waveguide, a new formula for coupling coefficient of PMF couplers is derived, which is applicable to any PMF with circular core and nonaligned birefringent axes. Third, based on the real deformation when the PMF is fusion-elongated, the numerical computation and theoretical analysis of excess loss mechanism is presented. The influence factors are discussed, such as the shape of the Stress Applying Parts (SAP), refractive index difference between the SAP and the cladding, the angle deviation between birefringent axes.
A fusion-elongation platform is built for PMF couplers, based on the fusion-elongation device for single-mode fiber couplers. An auto-alignment mechanism is adopted to realize the key technique for PMF coupler fabrication. After the alignment, the intermediate sections of the fibers are close and parallel with one another by an approaching mechanism. Accordingly the light coupling and splitting is possible. The fusion-elongation platform is controlled accurately by the master computer and the step motors. Hence the conical contour is improved and the excess loss is reduced. The fusion-elongation equipment is compact, convenient and of low cost. It can complete the auto- fabrication of PMF couplers.
Lots of fusion-elongation experiments are conducted, focusing on the relation between optical performance and process parameters, and aiming to improve the fabrication performance. The influence rule of the process parameters on the couplers' performance is disclosed and then used to find optimal process parameters for high performance fabrication of PMF couplers.
1.基于透镜效应法侧视对轴技术,提出了一种利用与光纤方位角关系更敏感的特征量—五点特征值来实现匹配型保偏光纤自动定轴的方法。经过理论分析和仿真研究,并在自动对轴平台上进行实验验证,结果表明新的五点特征法具有更高的测量精度及分辨率,更易于实现偏振主轴的自动定位。
2.基于热-结构-电磁多物理场耦合有限元方法,分析了保偏光纤耦合器的传输特性和耦合系数在熔锥区的变化规律,从而求解耦合模方程,得到偏振光经过耦合器后的光功率分布,继而对保偏光纤耦合器的性能参数分光比、消光比及附加损耗进行理论分析。重点进行了以下三点研究:一是仿真分析了耦合器截面形状、双锥体锥度以及偏振主轴角度差对耦合器传输特性的影响;二是基于光波导模式耦合理论,推导出了适应于纤芯为圆形、偏振主轴非平行时保偏光纤耦合器的耦合系数计算公式;三是从保偏光纤在火焰中熔融拉伸的实际变形过程出发,通过数值计算分析了应力区形状、应力区折射率与包层折射率差以及偏振主轴角度差等因素对附加损耗的影响机理。
3.基于单模光纤耦合器熔融拉锥设备,建立了保偏光纤耦合器熔融拉锥平台。该平台利用自动对轴机构解决了保偏光纤耦合器制作的关键技术—自动对轴技术;利用中间靠近机构,使得光纤在对轴完成后能够紧紧靠在一起,使光纤的耦合和分光成为可能;利用主控计算机和步进电机对熔融拉锥机构进行精确控制,从而改善耦合器的锥形,减少了附加损耗;拉锥设备整体结构紧凑、使用方便、成本低,能够实现自动化的保偏光纤耦合器制作。
4.以保偏光纤耦合器的光学性能与制造过程工艺参数的相关规律为研究核心,以提升耦合器的高性能熔融拉锥制造技术为目的,进行大量的熔融拉锥实验,从而研究熔锥工艺参数对耦合器的性能影响规律,找到最佳工艺参数,实现耦合器的高性能制作。
At present, high performance and low cost Polarization-maintaining Fiber (PMF) couplers are demanded more extensively in the military and civil fields. There are many difficulties in the Fused-biconical Taper (FBT) fabrication process, such as the slow speed, low yield, poor rate of finished products, bad device consistency and high cost. The manufacturing theory of FBT approach and the key techniques are studied in this dissertation. The main research contents include the following four aspects: the precise auto-alignment technique of PMF, coupling theory of PMF couplers, high performance manufacturing equipment, and the relation between process parameters of fusion-elongation and the coupler's performance. The major research efforts include:
Based on the polarization observation by lens-effect-tracing technique (POL), a new method using five characteristic points, which are more sensitive to the azimuthal angle of PMF, is presented to complete the auto-alignment of Matching Refractive-index Panda Fibers. After theoretical analysis and computer simulations, experiments are conducted on the auto-alignment platform. The results indicate that the method achieves higher measurement accuracy and better resolution. It is easier to determine the angular position of the main birefringent axes of PMF.
The propagation properties and coupling coefficient in the fused-tapered zone of PMF couplers are analyzed according to Heat transfer-Structure mechanics-Electromagnetics multiphysics coupling fields. The coupling mode equation is solved and the power distribution of the linearly polarized light through the coupler is obtained. Then, the performance parameters such as coupling ratio, extinction ratio and excess loss are studied theoretically. The major research includes the following three points. First, using finite element method, the influence factors on propagation properties for PMF couplers are analyzed, including the shape of coupler cross-section, the taper of coupler bipyramidal and the angle deviation of the birefringent axes. Next, based on the coupling mode theory of optical waveguide, a new formula for coupling coefficient of PMF couplers is derived, which is applicable to any PMF with circular core and nonaligned birefringent axes. Third, based on the real deformation when the PMF is fusion-elongated, the numerical computation and theoretical analysis of excess loss mechanism is presented. The influence factors are discussed, such as the shape of the Stress Applying Parts (SAP), refractive index difference between the SAP and the cladding, the angle deviation between birefringent axes.
A fusion-elongation platform is built for PMF couplers, based on the fusion-elongation device for single-mode fiber couplers. An auto-alignment mechanism is adopted to realize the key technique for PMF coupler fabrication. After the alignment, the intermediate sections of the fibers are close and parallel with one another by an approaching mechanism. Accordingly the light coupling and splitting is possible. The fusion-elongation platform is controlled accurately by the master computer and the step motors. Hence the conical contour is improved and the excess loss is reduced. The fusion-elongation equipment is compact, convenient and of low cost. It can complete the auto- fabrication of PMF couplers.
Lots of fusion-elongation experiments are conducted, focusing on the relation between optical performance and process parameters, and aiming to improve the fabrication performance. The influence rule of the process parameters on the couplers' performance is disclosed and then used to find optimal process parameters for high performance fabrication of PMF couplers.
引文
[1]倪道友.赵岳均.保偏光纤耦合器.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.1993(3):30-32
[2]http://sciustceducn/newaspx?id=6772
[3]唐雄燕.发展中的FTTH.当代通信.2005(6):34-35
[4]宋铁键.光纤配线设备的现状和发展趋势.通讯世界.2000(10):52-54
[5]宋金声.光缆连接器的市场与产业分析.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.2000(3):5-9
[6]张尧禹,张明慧,周得俭光纤陀螺的初步探讨光学精密工程.2001,9(3):266-268
[7]Katsuyama T,Matsumura H and Suganuma T.Propagation characteristics of single polarization fibers.Applied Optics.1983,22(11):1748-1753
[8]Varnham M P,Payne D N,Birch R D et al.Single～polarization operation of highly birefringent bow-tie optical fibers.Electronics Letters.1983.19(7):246-247
[9]Sasaki Y,Hosaka T,Horiguchi M et al.Design and Fabrication of Low-Loss and Low-Crosstalk Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1097-1102
[10]Tajima K,Ohashi M and Sasaki Y.A New Single-Polarization Optical Fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989,7(10):1499-1503
[11]Walker N G and Walker G R.Polarization control for coherent communications.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1990,8(3):438-458
[12]Martinelli V P,Squires E M and Watkins J J.Environmental performance of an elliptical core polarization maintaining optical fiber for fiber-optic gyro applications,SPIE.1994,2070:216-224
[13]Takiguchi K and Hotate K.Bias of an optical passive ring-resonator gyro caused by the misalignment of the polarization axis in the polarization-maintaining fiber resonator.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1992,10(4):514-522
[14]Lyons E R and Lee H P.An electrically tunable all-Fiber polarization controller based on deposited thin-film microheaters.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.2002,14(9):1318-1320
[15]Huss G,Schanen D L,Delage Let al.All-guided stellar interferometer with an integrated optics recombiner.Optics Letters.2001.26(11):768-770
[16]Pak C and Wong D.Phase sensitivity of polarization-maintaining optical fiber use as temperature sensor.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986.4(1):41-49
[17]He Z and Hotate K.Distributed Fiber-Optic Stress-Location easurement by Arbitrary Shaping of Optical Coherence Function.Journal of Lightwave Technology.2002,20(9):1715-1723
[18]Minoni U.Docchio F and Sansoni G.Optical interferometer using a high birefringence optical fiber.IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.1993,42(2):231-233
[19]Deparis O.Kiyan R and Vasiliev S A et al.Polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg gratings for wavelength selection in actively mode-locked Erdoped fiber lasers.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.2001,13(4):284-286
[20]胡永明,孟洲,熊水东等.干涉型全保偏光纤水听器阵列研制.声学学报.2003,28(2):155-158
[21]Wang Limeng,XieTonglin and Huang Jianping.Analysis of optical properties for all-fiber isolator with polarization maintaining,SPIE.2001,4604:223-228
[22]Chen Zhe,Liao Yanbiao,Hu Yongrning et al.Electro-optic phase modulator with thermally poled PANDA fiber.Chinese Journal of Lasers.2001,28(11):1003-1006
[23]Koplow J,Goldberg L,Kliner D A et al.High power PM fiber amplifier and broadband source.Optical Fiber Communication Conference.2000(2):12-13
[24]Morioka T and Saruwatari M.Ultrafast all-optical switching utilizing the optical Kerr effect in polarization-maintaining single mode fibers.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.1988,6(7):1186-1198
[25]Pleibel W,Stolen R H and Rashleigh S C.Polarization-preserving coupler with self aligning birefringent fibers.Electronics Letters.1983,19(20):825-826
[26]Nayar B K and Smith D R.Monomode-polarization-maintaining fiber directional couplers.Optics Letters.1983,8(10):543-545
[27]Villarruel C A,Abebe M and Bums W k.Polarization preserving single-mode-fiber coupler.Electronics Letters.1983,19(1):17-18
[28]Yokohama I,Noda J and Okamoto K.Fiber-Coupler Fabrication with Automatic Fusion-Elongation Process for Low Excess and High Coupling-Ratio Accuracy.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1987,5(7):910-915
[29]Wong Y W and Choy K L.The Manufacturing of an Optical Fiber Coupler by the Fusion Elongation Method.J Mater Process Technol.1997,63(3):806-809
[30]黄勇.熔融型光纤器件技术的现状及其发展趋势.当代通信.2002,(20):60-63
[31]陈伟,李诗愈,成煜等.保偏光纤技术进展及发展趋势光通信研究.2003(6):54-57
[32]Noda J,Okamoto K and Sasaki Y.Polarization-Maintaining Fibers and Their Applications.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1071-1089
[33]Sasaki Y,Hosaka T,Horiguchi M et al.Design and Fabrication of Low-Loss and Low-Crosstalk Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1097-1102
[34]Tajima K,Ohashi M and Sasaki Y.A New Single-Polarization Optical Fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989,7(10):1499-1503
[35]傅怀杰,黄秀钦,刘昆.对熊猫光纤设计制造的讨论.光纤光缆传输技术.1996,(4):1-14
[36]Penninckx D,Beck N,Gleyze J F.Signal Propagation Over Polarization Maintaining Fibers:Problem and Solutions Journal of Lightwave Technology.2006(11):4197-4207
[37]李玲,黄永清.光纤通信基础.北京:国防工业出版社.2003
[38]Berkey G E.Developments in Elliptical Core Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Optical Fiber Sensors Conference.1992(8):121-124
[39]Tsai K H,Kim K S,Morse T F.General solutions for stress-induced polarization in optical fibersJan Journal of Lightwave Technology.1991(1):7-17
[40]佘守宪.各向异性矩形波导与熊猫型光纤的双折射计算.量子电子学.1994,11(3):150-156
[41]黎敏,田芊,廖延彪等.飞速发展中的光纤陀螺技术.光学精密工程.1998,6(3):2-9
[42]傅怀杰,阮灵,黄秀钦.熊猫光纤的几何尺寸对双折射的影响.光纤光缆传输技术.1996(10):9-13
[43]胡永明,陈哲,廖延彪等.匹配型熊猫光纤的相衬法定轴技术的仿真分析.中国激光.1998,25(8):715-721
[44]肖国华.PANDA光纤偏振特性的测试及PANDA光纤定向耦合器的研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学,1993
[45]Sasaoka E,Suganuma H,Takagi M.High Performance Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers Optical Fiber Sensors Conference.1992(8):137-140
[46]姚力.保偏光纤定向耦合器的实验研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学,1993
[47]Kawata O,Hoshino K and Ishihara K.Low-loss single-mode-fiber splicing technique using core direct monitoring.Electronics Letters.1983,19(24):1048- 1049
[48]Kato Y.Fusion splicing of polarization preserving fibers.Applied Optics.1985,24(15):2346-2350
[49]Abebe M,Villarruel C A and Burns W K.Reproducible Fabrication Method for Polarization Preserving Single-Mode Fiber Coupler.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(7):1191-1198
[50]Carrara S L,Kim B Y and Shaw H J.Elasto-optic alignment of birefringent axes in polarization-holding optical fiber.Optics Letters.1986,11(7):470-472
[51]Wenxin Zheng.Auto～aligning and Splicing PM-Fibers of Different Types with a Passive Method,SPIE.2837:356-367
[52]Wenxin Zheng.Automated Fusion-Splicing of Polarization Maintaining Fibers Journal of Light wave Technology.1997,15(1):125-134
[53]http://www.pi-china.cn/pdf/datasheet/F_210_DB.pdf
[54]Suruga Seiki Co.,LTD.2003-2004 Optronics Catalogue.5-068-5-072
[55]Wong Y W and Choy K L.The manufacturing of an Optical Fiber Coupler by the Fusion Elongation Method.Journal of Material Process Technology.1997,63(1):806-809
[56]http://www.tx196.com/eb_template/sample_info.php?com_id=000653
[57]石文江,黄尚廉,李志高.保偏光纤偏振轴方位探测方法.压电与声光.1993,15(1):16-19
[58]Caponio N and Svelto C.A Simple Angular Alignment Technique for a Polarization-Maintaining-Fiber.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.1994,6(6):728-729
[59]王金娥,林哲辉,吴宇列等.基于五点特征值的匹配型保偏光纤定轴新方法光通信技术.2005,29(1):20-22
[60]王冬云,刘承,舒晓武.等保偏光纤精确定位方法的研究.光子学报.2002,31(3):345-348
[61]石文江,李志高,郑平等.保偏光纤偏振轴方位图像特征分析.光电工程.1995,22(3):47-52
[62]李平,文玉梅,藏卫军.保偏光纤对称轴自动定位的侧面图像监测原理和实现方法.北京:电子测量与仪器学会第五届年会论文集.1994:46-48
[63]Yasuyki K.Fusion splicing of polarization preserving fibers.Applied Optics.1985,24(15):2346-2350
[64]高东,胡小飞.熊猫型单模保偏光纤偏振轴的方向测定.中国民航学院学 报.1999(8):5-9
[65]丁桂兰,陈才和,张德龙等.单模保偏光纤快慢轴定向测试.天津大学学报.1999,32(5):633-635
[66]Kawata O,Hoshino K,Miyajima Yet al.A splicing and inspection technique for sing-mode fibers using direct core monitoring.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1984,2(2):185-190
[67]甄宗民,杨远洪.保偏光纤在线定轴技术研究.光子学报.2004,33(9):1060-1063
[68]王金娥,林哲辉,吴宇列等.匹配型熊猫光纤自动对轴技术.应用光学.2005,26(5):37-40
[69]W Zheng,QHulten and Mats Bengtsson.Lens-effect tracing technique aligns and splices Polarization-Maintaining fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1995(11):48-53
[70]W Zheng.Azimuthal alignment and extinction ratio estimation for PM-Fiber splicing.Pairs:Technical Digests of OPTO 94.1994(3):402-406
[71]Hu Yongming,Tan Jichun,Chen Zhe et al.Phase contrast method for measurement of birefringent axes orientation of Polarization-Maintaining fiber,SPIE.1996,2895:350-354
[72]李秀娟,陈哲,胡永明.计算保偏光纤中应力双折射的微元算法.光纤与电缆及应用技术.2000(1):22-25
[73]蔡春平.偏振保持光纤的模式双折射.应用光学.2004,25(1):39-42
[74]陈哲,胡永明,李秀娟等.熊猫光纤的结构与双折射特性关系研究.光子学报.2000,29(12):1127-1130
[75]R Scarmozzino and R M Osgood.Comparison of finite-difference and Fouriertransform solutions of the parabolic wave equation with emphasis on integrated optics applications.J Opt Soc Amer A.1991(8):724
[76]刘震.光通信用有增益光分路器的研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学.2003
[77]郑煜.熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器制造的关键技术研究:学位论文.长沙:国防科技大学.2006
[78]林哲辉,王金娥,吴宇列等.保偏光纤自动化定轴方法研究.光通信技术.2005,29(2):52-55
[79]Wang Jin'e,Wu Yulie,Li Shengyi.The Study on Azimuthal Alignment Techniques in the Manufacturing of Polarization Maintaining Fiber Couplers.Xian:The 6~(th) international conference on frontiers of design and manufacturing.2004,6
[80]Abebe M,Villarruel C A and Burns W K.Reproducible fabrication method for polarization preserving single-mode fiber couplers.Journal of Light wave Technology.1988(6):1191-1198
[81]朱松林,含有布拉格光栅的光纤耦合器的传输特性研究:学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.2001
[82]C S Hsieh,T L Wu,W H Cheng.An optimum approach for fabrication of low loss fused fiber couplers.Materials Chemistry and Physics.2001:199-203
[83]张旭.2×2单模光纤耦合器的耦合机理的解析.全国第七次光纤通信学术会议:645-648
[84]廖帮全,赵启大,冯德军等.光纤耦合模方程及其应用.南开大学学报.2002,35(4):71-73
[85]Wong Y W,Choy K L.The manufacturing of an optical fiber coupler by the fusion elongation method.Journal of Materials Processing Technology.1997:806-809
[86]周幼威,林志瑗,姚慧海等译.光波导理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1991
[87]李玉权,崔敏.光波导理论与技术.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002:92-156
[88]Snyder A W,Love J D.Optical Waveguide Theory.London:Chapman and Hall Press.1983:551-566
[89]Rodrigues J M,Maclean T S,Gazey B K.Parabolic shape of a tapered fused coupler-comparison with experiment Applied Optics.1987,26(9):1578-1581
[90]Dewynne J,Ockendon J R,Wilmott P.On a mathematical model for fiber tapering SIAM J Appl Mathematics.1989,49(4):983-990
[91]Kenny R P,Birks T A,Oakley K P.Control of optical fiber taper shape.Electronics Letters.1991,27(18):1654-1656
[92]Birks T A,Li Y W.The shape of fiber tapers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1992,10(4):432-438
[93]Hu Bei.A fiber-tapering problem Nonlinear Analysis.Theory,Methods &Applications.1990,15(6):513-525
[94]Yokota H,Hasegawa T,Satoda Y et al.Characteristics of Fused Optical Fiber Grating Couplers with Tapered Shapes.Optical Review.1999,6(3):173-179
[95]酆达,李铮,唐丹.2×2熔锥型单模光纤耦合器的模型.光子学报.2003,32(11):1316-1320
[96]陈振宜,王廷云,严方.熔融光纤拉锥动态形状函数的理论与实验研究.光电子激光.2005,16(11):1291-1296
[97]Djafar K M,Lowell L S.Fiber-optic communications technology.Pearson Education North Asia Ltd.2002
[98]金升平.点匹配问题的极坐标算法和三角形算法.武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版).2002,26(2):184-187
[99]吕刚宁.熔锥型光纤耦合器:一种高品质中空金属光波导:学位论文.广东:中山大学.2000
[100]魏道平,赵玉成,张劲松等.新型2×2单模双锥光纤耦合器的研制.北方交通大学学报.1998,22(3):35-38
[101]吴重庆.光波导理论.北京:清华大学出版社.2005,5:1-7
[102]朱松林.含有布拉格光栅的光纤耦合器的传输特性研究:博士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.2001
[103]J Noda,KOkamoto,YSasaki.Polarization-Maintaining fibers and their application.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1071-1089
[104]Ksaitoh,Mkoshiba,Ytsuji.Stress analysis method for elastically anisotropic material based optical waveguides and its application to strain-induced optical waveguides.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1999,17(2):255-259
[105]Yokohama I.Analysis of mode coupling behavior in fused Polarization Maintaining fiber couplers.Applied Optics.1989,28(19):4216-4225
[106]F A Fernanadz,Y Lu.Variational finite-element analysis of dielectric waveguides without no spurious solutions.Electric Letters.1990,26(25):2125-2126
[107]徐芝纶.弹性力学.北京:高等教育出版社.2000,161-192
[108]Y A Liu,B M Rahaman.Analysis of the birefringence properties of optical fibers made by a perform deformation technique.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1995,13(2):142-147
[109]Kawano K,Kitoh T.Introduction to Optical Waveguide Analysis.NewYork:John Wiley and Sons Press.1981,178-208
[110]周克定,张肃文等译.电磁场与电磁波.北京:机械工业出版社.2000:341-342
[111]Guan R F,Zhu F L.Stress birefringence analysis of polarization maintaining optical fibers.Optical Fiber Technology.2005(11):240-254
[112]Burns W K,Abebe M,Villaurruel C A.Parabolic Model for Shape of Fiber Tapers.Applied Optics.1985,24(17):2753-2755
[113]Chu P L,Sammut R A.Analytical method for calculation of stresses and material birefringence in polarization maintaining optical fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1984,2(5):650-662
[114]Yokohama I,Chida K,Noda J.Low excess loss conditions of Polarization-Maintaining fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1988,27(23):4807-4813
[115]Shibata N,Kawachi M,Seikai S.Stress distributions in the cross section of a polarization preserving fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1986,25(7):1099-1104
[116]Yue W P.On the Different Formulations of the Coupled-Mode Theory for Parallel Dielectric Waveguide.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1994(12):82-85
[117]Shafir E,Hardy A,Tur M.Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Couplers with Misaligned Birefringent Axes.Electronics letters.1988,24(12):754-756
[118]Snyder A W,Stevenson A.Anisotropic Fiber Couplers with Nonaligned Optical Axes.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(3):450-462
[119]叶培大,吴彝尊.光波导技术基本理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1984:321-330
[120]严秀红,梁毅,简水生.保偏光纤耦合器中偏振轴未对准时的耦合系数.光通信技术.1995,19(2):110-115
[121]Hiroyuki T,Mikio Y,Takeshi Y,et al.Manufacturing Method for Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers.US Patent 5024501.1991,6
[122]Haus H A,Huang W P and Kawadaimi S.Mode excitation theory of optical waveguide.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1987,5(1):16-23
[123]廖延彪.光纤光学.北京:清华大学出版社.2000
[124]周春燕.熔融拉锥法实现光的群组滤波:硕士论文.杭州:浙江大学.2002
[125]Burns W K,Abebe M.Coupling model for fused fiber couplers with parabolic taper shape Applied Optics.1987,26(19):4190-4192
[126]D 马库赛.介质波导理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1982:64-71
[127]吴晨,李荣玉,殷宗敏等.单模光纤耦合器耦合系数影响因素的分析.2003(2):14-15
[128]E Shafir,A Hardy and M Tur.Coupled modes of anisotropic polarization maintaining fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(1):58-63
[129]Yasumoto K.Coupled-Mode Analysis of Polarization Splitting Directional Coupler.Adelaide:Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.1992:681-684
[130]卓均飞,鲍吉龙.任意折射率分布保偏光纤的耦合方程.光电子激光.2000,11(6):597-599
[131]Zheng X H,Henry W M,Snyder A W.Polarization characteristics of the fundamental mode of optical fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(8):1300-1305
[132]Shou Y X,Bures J,Lacroix S et al.Mode separation in fused fiber coupler made of two-mode fibers.Optical Fiber Technology.1999(5):92-104
[133]薛春荣,祝生祥,肖志刚.锥型光纤间的耦合特性光子学报.2004,33(7):803-805
[134]陶卫东,白贵儒,朱冰等.宽带光纤耦合器的特性研究.宁波大学学报.1997,10(3):9-13
[135]E Shafir,A Hardy and M Tur.Performance analysis of polarization maintaining fiber directional coupler.SPIE:6th Meeting in Israel on Optical Engineering.1988,1038:371-378
[136]柳春郁,余有龙,高应俊.耦合器分光比的精确控制.光学技术.2004,25(5):43-44
[137]柳春郁,余有龙,柳耀文等.熔锥型光纤耦合器的制作.黑龙江大学自然科学学报.2004,21(1):79-81
[138]Nolan,D A,Berkey,G E,Li M J.New single polarization fiber with high extinction ratio.Optical Fiber Communication Conference.2004(2):23-27
[139]Lei Wu,Yuan Zheng,Baoqing An et al.The propagation properties analysis of asymmetric fiber couplers.Sch.of Telecommun.2001(11):188-192
[140]Paiano G,Pellicoro M.Propagation constant of weakly guiding optical fibers:a new eigenvalue condition.Journal of Lightwave Technology.2001(10):1592-1597
[141]Shute M W,Brown C S.A study of the polarization properties of a rectangular Polarization-Maintaining fiber Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989(12):2013-2017
[142]Grant A R,Wysocki P F,Holcomb D P.Polarization Effects in Polarization Independent and Polarization Maintaining Fiber Amplifiers.2006 Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings.2006(6):17-19
[143]柳春郁,余有龙,高应俊.熔锥型光纤耦合器损耗分析.激光杂志.2004,25(5):43-44
[144]曹维敏译.保偏光纤耦合器低附加损耗的条件.Applied Optics.1988,27(23):4807-4813
[145]Hsieh C S,Cheng W H.Direct correlation between device and technological parameters in fusion fiber coupler.Lasers and Electro-Optics.1999(3):158-159
[146]郑煜,吴宇列,王金娥,李圣怡.熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器附加损耗分析,光通信技术,2006,30(9):4-6.
[147]I Yokohama,M Kawachi,K Okamoto et al.Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Couplers with Low Excess Loss.Electronics Letters.1986(22):929-930
[148]A W Snyder,J D Love.Optical Waveguide Theory.London:Chapman and Hall Ltd.1983,551-566
[149]N Shibata,M Kawachi,S Seikai.Stress distributions in the cross section of a polarization-preserving fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1986(25):1099-104
[150]Anjan Y,Habbel S.Environmental performance of fused PM fiber couplers for fiber gyro application Photonics.Technology Letters.1991(6):578-580
[151]Vusirikala V,Gopalan B,Kareenahalli S.Low loss alignment tolerant coupling from a GaAs/AIGaAs QW laser to a single mode fiber.Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting.1995(10):3-4
[152]Hanafi M,Abdullah M K,Shaari A Z.Development of a Variable Fiber Optic Coupler.International Conference on Communication.2005(11):16-18
[153]曹介元,韶强,徐盈.光纤耦合器的制造设备.光通信研究.1994(4):50-54
[154]赵仲刚,赵立琦.类矩形保偏光纤耦合器的研制.光纤通信.2000(1):32-35
[155]吕迅,官洪运.熔融拉锥控制系统的改进.江南大学学报.2003,2(6):597-600
[156]Hiroyuki T,Mikio Y,Takeshi Y,et al.Manufacturing Method for Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers.US Patent 5024501.1991,6,18
[157]Yellapu Anjan,Sam Habbel et al.Method and apparatus for fabrication of polarization maintaining fused couplers.5224977.1993,7,6
[158]Laurence N W.Alignment system and method for splicing of Polarization Maintaining single mode optical fiber.5417733.1995,3,23
[159]Kenichirob I,Mikio Y,Naomichi S.Method and apparatus for fusion-plicing polarization maintaining optical fibers.4911524.1990,3,27
[160]George E,Rotert M.Method of making polarization retaining optical fiber coupler.4932740.1990,6,12
[161]Perter Z.Polarization insensitive fused fiber coupler method and apparatus.6363190.2002,3,26
[162]郝爱福,冯丽爽,徐宏杰等.保偏光纤偏振特性自动测试系统的研制与开发.光 学技术.2004,30(3):378-380
[163]毛彩虹,舒小武,刘承等.光纤陀螺仪的光学器件偏振特性测试方法研究.激光与红外.2002,32(4):279-281
[164]王召兵,李国华,陆书龙等.消光比自动测试系统的试验研究.中国激光.2000,27(5):415-418
[165]徐宏杰,秦秉坤,陈淑芬.光纤型偏振器消光比测试方法研究.光学技术.2002,28(5):419-421
[166]孟洲,胡永明,陈哲等.13um波长光纤偏振参数自动测试仪.光子学报.1999,28(11):1002-1005
[167]李明,苏春丽,郭际航等.保偏光纤起偏器检测系统.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.1997(5):48-50
[168]Wang Jin'e,Wu Yulie,Zheng Yu et al.Fabrication Theory and Experimental Research of Polarization Maintaining Fiber Couplers.Guangzhou:The 7th international conference on frontiers of design and manufacturing.2006,6
[169]帅词俊,段吉安,蔡国华.光纤耦合器熔拉时热熔锥区的热分析.中南大学学报.2004,35(4):618-621
[170]李宇红,祁海鹰,张宏武.甲烷预混燃烧火焰的详细数值模拟.工程热物理学报.2002,37(1):119-122
[171]高志崇.燃烧反应火焰温度的探讨.聊城师院学报.2001,14(1):57-60
[172]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇.熔锥型光纤耦合器的光学性能.半导体光电.2005,26(4):287-290
[173]刘景琳,段吉安,苗健宇.熔融拉锥型光纤耦合器实验研究.中南大学学报.2006,37(1):103-107
[174]姜同川.正交实验设计.济南:山东科学技术出版社.1985
[175]沈邦兴.实验设计及工程应用.北京:中国计量出版社.2005
[176]赵仲刚,赵立琦.GOP-2×2-01型保偏光纤耦合器.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.1999(3):18-22
[177]D R Campbell.Advanced Coupler Components Fabricated from Polarization maintaining fiber.SPIE:Components for Fiber Optic Applications ⅣProceedings.1989,1176:25-31
[178]H Takahara.Fiber Gyroscope Using a Polarization-maintaining Optical Fiber and a Fiber Coupler.SPIE:Optics in Complex Systems Proceedings.1990,1319:505
[179]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇等.熔锥型光纤耦合器的工艺与显微形貌研究.半导体光电,2005,26(2):108-111
[180]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇.工艺参数对光纤耦合器性能影响的实验研究.光通信技术,2004(12):13-15
[181]帅词俊,段吉安,钟掘.熔锥型光纤耦合器流变成形的工艺敏感性研究.光学精密工程.2005,13(1):40-46
[2]http://sciustceducn/newaspx?id=6772
[3]唐雄燕.发展中的FTTH.当代通信.2005(6):34-35
[4]宋铁键.光纤配线设备的现状和发展趋势.通讯世界.2000(10):52-54
[5]宋金声.光缆连接器的市场与产业分析.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.2000(3):5-9
[6]张尧禹,张明慧,周得俭光纤陀螺的初步探讨光学精密工程.2001,9(3):266-268
[7]Katsuyama T,Matsumura H and Suganuma T.Propagation characteristics of single polarization fibers.Applied Optics.1983,22(11):1748-1753
[8]Varnham M P,Payne D N,Birch R D et al.Single～polarization operation of highly birefringent bow-tie optical fibers.Electronics Letters.1983.19(7):246-247
[9]Sasaki Y,Hosaka T,Horiguchi M et al.Design and Fabrication of Low-Loss and Low-Crosstalk Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1097-1102
[10]Tajima K,Ohashi M and Sasaki Y.A New Single-Polarization Optical Fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989,7(10):1499-1503
[11]Walker N G and Walker G R.Polarization control for coherent communications.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1990,8(3):438-458
[12]Martinelli V P,Squires E M and Watkins J J.Environmental performance of an elliptical core polarization maintaining optical fiber for fiber-optic gyro applications,SPIE.1994,2070:216-224
[13]Takiguchi K and Hotate K.Bias of an optical passive ring-resonator gyro caused by the misalignment of the polarization axis in the polarization-maintaining fiber resonator.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1992,10(4):514-522
[14]Lyons E R and Lee H P.An electrically tunable all-Fiber polarization controller based on deposited thin-film microheaters.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.2002,14(9):1318-1320
[15]Huss G,Schanen D L,Delage Let al.All-guided stellar interferometer with an integrated optics recombiner.Optics Letters.2001.26(11):768-770
[16]Pak C and Wong D.Phase sensitivity of polarization-maintaining optical fiber use as temperature sensor.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986.4(1):41-49
[17]He Z and Hotate K.Distributed Fiber-Optic Stress-Location easurement by Arbitrary Shaping of Optical Coherence Function.Journal of Lightwave Technology.2002,20(9):1715-1723
[18]Minoni U.Docchio F and Sansoni G.Optical interferometer using a high birefringence optical fiber.IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement.1993,42(2):231-233
[19]Deparis O.Kiyan R and Vasiliev S A et al.Polarization-maintaining fiber Bragg gratings for wavelength selection in actively mode-locked Erdoped fiber lasers.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.2001,13(4):284-286
[20]胡永明,孟洲,熊水东等.干涉型全保偏光纤水听器阵列研制.声学学报.2003,28(2):155-158
[21]Wang Limeng,XieTonglin and Huang Jianping.Analysis of optical properties for all-fiber isolator with polarization maintaining,SPIE.2001,4604:223-228
[22]Chen Zhe,Liao Yanbiao,Hu Yongrning et al.Electro-optic phase modulator with thermally poled PANDA fiber.Chinese Journal of Lasers.2001,28(11):1003-1006
[23]Koplow J,Goldberg L,Kliner D A et al.High power PM fiber amplifier and broadband source.Optical Fiber Communication Conference.2000(2):12-13
[24]Morioka T and Saruwatari M.Ultrafast all-optical switching utilizing the optical Kerr effect in polarization-maintaining single mode fibers.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.1988,6(7):1186-1198
[25]Pleibel W,Stolen R H and Rashleigh S C.Polarization-preserving coupler with self aligning birefringent fibers.Electronics Letters.1983,19(20):825-826
[26]Nayar B K and Smith D R.Monomode-polarization-maintaining fiber directional couplers.Optics Letters.1983,8(10):543-545
[27]Villarruel C A,Abebe M and Bums W k.Polarization preserving single-mode-fiber coupler.Electronics Letters.1983,19(1):17-18
[28]Yokohama I,Noda J and Okamoto K.Fiber-Coupler Fabrication with Automatic Fusion-Elongation Process for Low Excess and High Coupling-Ratio Accuracy.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1987,5(7):910-915
[29]Wong Y W and Choy K L.The Manufacturing of an Optical Fiber Coupler by the Fusion Elongation Method.J Mater Process Technol.1997,63(3):806-809
[30]黄勇.熔融型光纤器件技术的现状及其发展趋势.当代通信.2002,(20):60-63
[31]陈伟,李诗愈,成煜等.保偏光纤技术进展及发展趋势光通信研究.2003(6):54-57
[32]Noda J,Okamoto K and Sasaki Y.Polarization-Maintaining Fibers and Their Applications.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1071-1089
[33]Sasaki Y,Hosaka T,Horiguchi M et al.Design and Fabrication of Low-Loss and Low-Crosstalk Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1097-1102
[34]Tajima K,Ohashi M and Sasaki Y.A New Single-Polarization Optical Fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989,7(10):1499-1503
[35]傅怀杰,黄秀钦,刘昆.对熊猫光纤设计制造的讨论.光纤光缆传输技术.1996,(4):1-14
[36]Penninckx D,Beck N,Gleyze J F.Signal Propagation Over Polarization Maintaining Fibers:Problem and Solutions Journal of Lightwave Technology.2006(11):4197-4207
[37]李玲,黄永清.光纤通信基础.北京:国防工业出版社.2003
[38]Berkey G E.Developments in Elliptical Core Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Optical Fiber Sensors Conference.1992(8):121-124
[39]Tsai K H,Kim K S,Morse T F.General solutions for stress-induced polarization in optical fibersJan Journal of Lightwave Technology.1991(1):7-17
[40]佘守宪.各向异性矩形波导与熊猫型光纤的双折射计算.量子电子学.1994,11(3):150-156
[41]黎敏,田芊,廖延彪等.飞速发展中的光纤陀螺技术.光学精密工程.1998,6(3):2-9
[42]傅怀杰,阮灵,黄秀钦.熊猫光纤的几何尺寸对双折射的影响.光纤光缆传输技术.1996(10):9-13
[43]胡永明,陈哲,廖延彪等.匹配型熊猫光纤的相衬法定轴技术的仿真分析.中国激光.1998,25(8):715-721
[44]肖国华.PANDA光纤偏振特性的测试及PANDA光纤定向耦合器的研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学,1993
[45]Sasaoka E,Suganuma H,Takagi M.High Performance Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers Optical Fiber Sensors Conference.1992(8):137-140
[46]姚力.保偏光纤定向耦合器的实验研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学,1993
[47]Kawata O,Hoshino K and Ishihara K.Low-loss single-mode-fiber splicing technique using core direct monitoring.Electronics Letters.1983,19(24):1048- 1049
[48]Kato Y.Fusion splicing of polarization preserving fibers.Applied Optics.1985,24(15):2346-2350
[49]Abebe M,Villarruel C A and Burns W K.Reproducible Fabrication Method for Polarization Preserving Single-Mode Fiber Coupler.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(7):1191-1198
[50]Carrara S L,Kim B Y and Shaw H J.Elasto-optic alignment of birefringent axes in polarization-holding optical fiber.Optics Letters.1986,11(7):470-472
[51]Wenxin Zheng.Auto～aligning and Splicing PM-Fibers of Different Types with a Passive Method,SPIE.2837:356-367
[52]Wenxin Zheng.Automated Fusion-Splicing of Polarization Maintaining Fibers Journal of Light wave Technology.1997,15(1):125-134
[53]http://www.pi-china.cn/pdf/datasheet/F_210_DB.pdf
[54]Suruga Seiki Co.,LTD.2003-2004 Optronics Catalogue.5-068-5-072
[55]Wong Y W and Choy K L.The manufacturing of an Optical Fiber Coupler by the Fusion Elongation Method.Journal of Material Process Technology.1997,63(1):806-809
[56]http://www.tx196.com/eb_template/sample_info.php?com_id=000653
[57]石文江,黄尚廉,李志高.保偏光纤偏振轴方位探测方法.压电与声光.1993,15(1):16-19
[58]Caponio N and Svelto C.A Simple Angular Alignment Technique for a Polarization-Maintaining-Fiber.IEEE Photonics Electronics Letters.1994,6(6):728-729
[59]王金娥,林哲辉,吴宇列等.基于五点特征值的匹配型保偏光纤定轴新方法光通信技术.2005,29(1):20-22
[60]王冬云,刘承,舒晓武.等保偏光纤精确定位方法的研究.光子学报.2002,31(3):345-348
[61]石文江,李志高,郑平等.保偏光纤偏振轴方位图像特征分析.光电工程.1995,22(3):47-52
[62]李平,文玉梅,藏卫军.保偏光纤对称轴自动定位的侧面图像监测原理和实现方法.北京:电子测量与仪器学会第五届年会论文集.1994:46-48
[63]Yasuyki K.Fusion splicing of polarization preserving fibers.Applied Optics.1985,24(15):2346-2350
[64]高东,胡小飞.熊猫型单模保偏光纤偏振轴的方向测定.中国民航学院学 报.1999(8):5-9
[65]丁桂兰,陈才和,张德龙等.单模保偏光纤快慢轴定向测试.天津大学学报.1999,32(5):633-635
[66]Kawata O,Hoshino K,Miyajima Yet al.A splicing and inspection technique for sing-mode fibers using direct core monitoring.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1984,2(2):185-190
[67]甄宗民,杨远洪.保偏光纤在线定轴技术研究.光子学报.2004,33(9):1060-1063
[68]王金娥,林哲辉,吴宇列等.匹配型熊猫光纤自动对轴技术.应用光学.2005,26(5):37-40
[69]W Zheng,QHulten and Mats Bengtsson.Lens-effect tracing technique aligns and splices Polarization-Maintaining fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1995(11):48-53
[70]W Zheng.Azimuthal alignment and extinction ratio estimation for PM-Fiber splicing.Pairs:Technical Digests of OPTO 94.1994(3):402-406
[71]Hu Yongming,Tan Jichun,Chen Zhe et al.Phase contrast method for measurement of birefringent axes orientation of Polarization-Maintaining fiber,SPIE.1996,2895:350-354
[72]李秀娟,陈哲,胡永明.计算保偏光纤中应力双折射的微元算法.光纤与电缆及应用技术.2000(1):22-25
[73]蔡春平.偏振保持光纤的模式双折射.应用光学.2004,25(1):39-42
[74]陈哲,胡永明,李秀娟等.熊猫光纤的结构与双折射特性关系研究.光子学报.2000,29(12):1127-1130
[75]R Scarmozzino and R M Osgood.Comparison of finite-difference and Fouriertransform solutions of the parabolic wave equation with emphasis on integrated optics applications.J Opt Soc Amer A.1991(8):724
[76]刘震.光通信用有增益光分路器的研究:学位论文.成都:电子科技大学.2003
[77]郑煜.熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器制造的关键技术研究:学位论文.长沙:国防科技大学.2006
[78]林哲辉,王金娥,吴宇列等.保偏光纤自动化定轴方法研究.光通信技术.2005,29(2):52-55
[79]Wang Jin'e,Wu Yulie,Li Shengyi.The Study on Azimuthal Alignment Techniques in the Manufacturing of Polarization Maintaining Fiber Couplers.Xian:The 6~(th) international conference on frontiers of design and manufacturing.2004,6
[80]Abebe M,Villarruel C A and Burns W K.Reproducible fabrication method for polarization preserving single-mode fiber couplers.Journal of Light wave Technology.1988(6):1191-1198
[81]朱松林,含有布拉格光栅的光纤耦合器的传输特性研究:学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.2001
[82]C S Hsieh,T L Wu,W H Cheng.An optimum approach for fabrication of low loss fused fiber couplers.Materials Chemistry and Physics.2001:199-203
[83]张旭.2×2单模光纤耦合器的耦合机理的解析.全国第七次光纤通信学术会议:645-648
[84]廖帮全,赵启大,冯德军等.光纤耦合模方程及其应用.南开大学学报.2002,35(4):71-73
[85]Wong Y W,Choy K L.The manufacturing of an optical fiber coupler by the fusion elongation method.Journal of Materials Processing Technology.1997:806-809
[86]周幼威,林志瑗,姚慧海等译.光波导理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1991
[87]李玉权,崔敏.光波导理论与技术.北京:人民邮电出版社.2002:92-156
[88]Snyder A W,Love J D.Optical Waveguide Theory.London:Chapman and Hall Press.1983:551-566
[89]Rodrigues J M,Maclean T S,Gazey B K.Parabolic shape of a tapered fused coupler-comparison with experiment Applied Optics.1987,26(9):1578-1581
[90]Dewynne J,Ockendon J R,Wilmott P.On a mathematical model for fiber tapering SIAM J Appl Mathematics.1989,49(4):983-990
[91]Kenny R P,Birks T A,Oakley K P.Control of optical fiber taper shape.Electronics Letters.1991,27(18):1654-1656
[92]Birks T A,Li Y W.The shape of fiber tapers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1992,10(4):432-438
[93]Hu Bei.A fiber-tapering problem Nonlinear Analysis.Theory,Methods &Applications.1990,15(6):513-525
[94]Yokota H,Hasegawa T,Satoda Y et al.Characteristics of Fused Optical Fiber Grating Couplers with Tapered Shapes.Optical Review.1999,6(3):173-179
[95]酆达,李铮,唐丹.2×2熔锥型单模光纤耦合器的模型.光子学报.2003,32(11):1316-1320
[96]陈振宜,王廷云,严方.熔融光纤拉锥动态形状函数的理论与实验研究.光电子激光.2005,16(11):1291-1296
[97]Djafar K M,Lowell L S.Fiber-optic communications technology.Pearson Education North Asia Ltd.2002
[98]金升平.点匹配问题的极坐标算法和三角形算法.武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版).2002,26(2):184-187
[99]吕刚宁.熔锥型光纤耦合器:一种高品质中空金属光波导:学位论文.广东:中山大学.2000
[100]魏道平,赵玉成,张劲松等.新型2×2单模双锥光纤耦合器的研制.北方交通大学学报.1998,22(3):35-38
[101]吴重庆.光波导理论.北京:清华大学出版社.2005,5:1-7
[102]朱松林.含有布拉格光栅的光纤耦合器的传输特性研究:博士学位论文.杭州:浙江大学.2001
[103]J Noda,KOkamoto,YSasaki.Polarization-Maintaining fibers and their application.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1986,4(8):1071-1089
[104]Ksaitoh,Mkoshiba,Ytsuji.Stress analysis method for elastically anisotropic material based optical waveguides and its application to strain-induced optical waveguides.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1999,17(2):255-259
[105]Yokohama I.Analysis of mode coupling behavior in fused Polarization Maintaining fiber couplers.Applied Optics.1989,28(19):4216-4225
[106]F A Fernanadz,Y Lu.Variational finite-element analysis of dielectric waveguides without no spurious solutions.Electric Letters.1990,26(25):2125-2126
[107]徐芝纶.弹性力学.北京:高等教育出版社.2000,161-192
[108]Y A Liu,B M Rahaman.Analysis of the birefringence properties of optical fibers made by a perform deformation technique.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1995,13(2):142-147
[109]Kawano K,Kitoh T.Introduction to Optical Waveguide Analysis.NewYork:John Wiley and Sons Press.1981,178-208
[110]周克定,张肃文等译.电磁场与电磁波.北京:机械工业出版社.2000:341-342
[111]Guan R F,Zhu F L.Stress birefringence analysis of polarization maintaining optical fibers.Optical Fiber Technology.2005(11):240-254
[112]Burns W K,Abebe M,Villaurruel C A.Parabolic Model for Shape of Fiber Tapers.Applied Optics.1985,24(17):2753-2755
[113]Chu P L,Sammut R A.Analytical method for calculation of stresses and material birefringence in polarization maintaining optical fiber.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1984,2(5):650-662
[114]Yokohama I,Chida K,Noda J.Low excess loss conditions of Polarization-Maintaining fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1988,27(23):4807-4813
[115]Shibata N,Kawachi M,Seikai S.Stress distributions in the cross section of a polarization preserving fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1986,25(7):1099-1104
[116]Yue W P.On the Different Formulations of the Coupled-Mode Theory for Parallel Dielectric Waveguide.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1994(12):82-85
[117]Shafir E,Hardy A,Tur M.Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Couplers with Misaligned Birefringent Axes.Electronics letters.1988,24(12):754-756
[118]Snyder A W,Stevenson A.Anisotropic Fiber Couplers with Nonaligned Optical Axes.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(3):450-462
[119]叶培大,吴彝尊.光波导技术基本理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1984:321-330
[120]严秀红,梁毅,简水生.保偏光纤耦合器中偏振轴未对准时的耦合系数.光通信技术.1995,19(2):110-115
[121]Hiroyuki T,Mikio Y,Takeshi Y,et al.Manufacturing Method for Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers.US Patent 5024501.1991,6
[122]Haus H A,Huang W P and Kawadaimi S.Mode excitation theory of optical waveguide.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1987,5(1):16-23
[123]廖延彪.光纤光学.北京:清华大学出版社.2000
[124]周春燕.熔融拉锥法实现光的群组滤波:硕士论文.杭州:浙江大学.2002
[125]Burns W K,Abebe M.Coupling model for fused fiber couplers with parabolic taper shape Applied Optics.1987,26(19):4190-4192
[126]D 马库赛.介质波导理论.北京:人民邮电出版社.1982:64-71
[127]吴晨,李荣玉,殷宗敏等.单模光纤耦合器耦合系数影响因素的分析.2003(2):14-15
[128]E Shafir,A Hardy and M Tur.Coupled modes of anisotropic polarization maintaining fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(1):58-63
[129]Yasumoto K.Coupled-Mode Analysis of Polarization Splitting Directional Coupler.Adelaide:Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference.1992:681-684
[130]卓均飞,鲍吉龙.任意折射率分布保偏光纤的耦合方程.光电子激光.2000,11(6):597-599
[131]Zheng X H,Henry W M,Snyder A W.Polarization characteristics of the fundamental mode of optical fibers.Journal of Lightwave Technology.1988,6(8):1300-1305
[132]Shou Y X,Bures J,Lacroix S et al.Mode separation in fused fiber coupler made of two-mode fibers.Optical Fiber Technology.1999(5):92-104
[133]薛春荣,祝生祥,肖志刚.锥型光纤间的耦合特性光子学报.2004,33(7):803-805
[134]陶卫东,白贵儒,朱冰等.宽带光纤耦合器的特性研究.宁波大学学报.1997,10(3):9-13
[135]E Shafir,A Hardy and M Tur.Performance analysis of polarization maintaining fiber directional coupler.SPIE:6th Meeting in Israel on Optical Engineering.1988,1038:371-378
[136]柳春郁,余有龙,高应俊.耦合器分光比的精确控制.光学技术.2004,25(5):43-44
[137]柳春郁,余有龙,柳耀文等.熔锥型光纤耦合器的制作.黑龙江大学自然科学学报.2004,21(1):79-81
[138]Nolan,D A,Berkey,G E,Li M J.New single polarization fiber with high extinction ratio.Optical Fiber Communication Conference.2004(2):23-27
[139]Lei Wu,Yuan Zheng,Baoqing An et al.The propagation properties analysis of asymmetric fiber couplers.Sch.of Telecommun.2001(11):188-192
[140]Paiano G,Pellicoro M.Propagation constant of weakly guiding optical fibers:a new eigenvalue condition.Journal of Lightwave Technology.2001(10):1592-1597
[141]Shute M W,Brown C S.A study of the polarization properties of a rectangular Polarization-Maintaining fiber Journal of Lightwave Technology.1989(12):2013-2017
[142]Grant A R,Wysocki P F,Holcomb D P.Polarization Effects in Polarization Independent and Polarization Maintaining Fiber Amplifiers.2006 Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings.2006(6):17-19
[143]柳春郁,余有龙,高应俊.熔锥型光纤耦合器损耗分析.激光杂志.2004,25(5):43-44
[144]曹维敏译.保偏光纤耦合器低附加损耗的条件.Applied Optics.1988,27(23):4807-4813
[145]Hsieh C S,Cheng W H.Direct correlation between device and technological parameters in fusion fiber coupler.Lasers and Electro-Optics.1999(3):158-159
[146]郑煜,吴宇列,王金娥,李圣怡.熔锥型熊猫光纤耦合器附加损耗分析,光通信技术,2006,30(9):4-6.
[147]I Yokohama,M Kawachi,K Okamoto et al.Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Couplers with Low Excess Loss.Electronics Letters.1986(22):929-930
[148]A W Snyder,J D Love.Optical Waveguide Theory.London:Chapman and Hall Ltd.1983,551-566
[149]N Shibata,M Kawachi,S Seikai.Stress distributions in the cross section of a polarization-preserving fiber coupler.Applied Optics.1986(25):1099-104
[150]Anjan Y,Habbel S.Environmental performance of fused PM fiber couplers for fiber gyro application Photonics.Technology Letters.1991(6):578-580
[151]Vusirikala V,Gopalan B,Kareenahalli S.Low loss alignment tolerant coupling from a GaAs/AIGaAs QW laser to a single mode fiber.Lasers and Electro-Optics Society Annual Meeting.1995(10):3-4
[152]Hanafi M,Abdullah M K,Shaari A Z.Development of a Variable Fiber Optic Coupler.International Conference on Communication.2005(11):16-18
[153]曹介元,韶强,徐盈.光纤耦合器的制造设备.光通信研究.1994(4):50-54
[154]赵仲刚,赵立琦.类矩形保偏光纤耦合器的研制.光纤通信.2000(1):32-35
[155]吕迅,官洪运.熔融拉锥控制系统的改进.江南大学学报.2003,2(6):597-600
[156]Hiroyuki T,Mikio Y,Takeshi Y,et al.Manufacturing Method for Polarization Maintaining Optical Fiber Couplers.US Patent 5024501.1991,6,18
[157]Yellapu Anjan,Sam Habbel et al.Method and apparatus for fabrication of polarization maintaining fused couplers.5224977.1993,7,6
[158]Laurence N W.Alignment system and method for splicing of Polarization Maintaining single mode optical fiber.5417733.1995,3,23
[159]Kenichirob I,Mikio Y,Naomichi S.Method and apparatus for fusion-plicing polarization maintaining optical fibers.4911524.1990,3,27
[160]George E,Rotert M.Method of making polarization retaining optical fiber coupler.4932740.1990,6,12
[161]Perter Z.Polarization insensitive fused fiber coupler method and apparatus.6363190.2002,3,26
[162]郝爱福,冯丽爽,徐宏杰等.保偏光纤偏振特性自动测试系统的研制与开发.光 学技术.2004,30(3):378-380
[163]毛彩虹,舒小武,刘承等.光纤陀螺仪的光学器件偏振特性测试方法研究.激光与红外.2002,32(4):279-281
[164]王召兵,李国华,陆书龙等.消光比自动测试系统的试验研究.中国激光.2000,27(5):415-418
[165]徐宏杰,秦秉坤,陈淑芬.光纤型偏振器消光比测试方法研究.光学技术.2002,28(5):419-421
[166]孟洲,胡永明,陈哲等.13um波长光纤偏振参数自动测试仪.光子学报.1999,28(11):1002-1005
[167]李明,苏春丽,郭际航等.保偏光纤起偏器检测系统.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.1997(5):48-50
[168]Wang Jin'e,Wu Yulie,Zheng Yu et al.Fabrication Theory and Experimental Research of Polarization Maintaining Fiber Couplers.Guangzhou:The 7th international conference on frontiers of design and manufacturing.2006,6
[169]帅词俊,段吉安,蔡国华.光纤耦合器熔拉时热熔锥区的热分析.中南大学学报.2004,35(4):618-621
[170]李宇红,祁海鹰,张宏武.甲烷预混燃烧火焰的详细数值模拟.工程热物理学报.2002,37(1):119-122
[171]高志崇.燃烧反应火焰温度的探讨.聊城师院学报.2001,14(1):57-60
[172]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇.熔锥型光纤耦合器的光学性能.半导体光电.2005,26(4):287-290
[173]刘景琳,段吉安,苗健宇.熔融拉锥型光纤耦合器实验研究.中南大学学报.2006,37(1):103-107
[174]姜同川.正交实验设计.济南:山东科学技术出版社.1985
[175]沈邦兴.实验设计及工程应用.北京:中国计量出版社.2005
[176]赵仲刚,赵立琦.GOP-2×2-01型保偏光纤耦合器.光纤与电缆及其应用技术.1999(3):18-22
[177]D R Campbell.Advanced Coupler Components Fabricated from Polarization maintaining fiber.SPIE:Components for Fiber Optic Applications ⅣProceedings.1989,1176:25-31
[178]H Takahara.Fiber Gyroscope Using a Polarization-maintaining Optical Fiber and a Fiber Coupler.SPIE:Optics in Complex Systems Proceedings.1990,1319:505
[179]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇等.熔锥型光纤耦合器的工艺与显微形貌研究.半导体光电,2005,26(2):108-111
[180]帅词俊,段吉安,苗健宇.工艺参数对光纤耦合器性能影响的实验研究.光通信技术,2004(12):13-15
[181]帅词俊,段吉安,钟掘.熔锥型光纤耦合器流变成形的工艺敏感性研究.光学精密工程.2005,13(1):40-46